presentasi extraction distilation

8/17/2019 presentasi extraction distilation

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Extractive Distillation

Equipment and Confguration

C. Chika Oktalia Putri(13/348221/TK/40832)

Cahya Nugraha (13/348320/TK/40883)M Fadhli D ! (13/34"32#/TK/410"# )


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$%&'tr' P'iti*

+ika titik didih ,a-ura a%&'tr' kurag dari titik didihalah atu laruta k'titu&ya.


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$%&'tr' N&gati*

+ika titik didih ,a-ura a%&'tr' l&ih dari titik didihk'titu&ya atau alah atu k'titu&ya


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Ditilai

Ditilai adalah r'&&-iaha ,a-ura

h'-'g& &rdaarka&r&daa 'latilitaya.


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$lat$lat Ditilai

1. K'l'- Frakiai

K&l&iha &i& -&-iahkaayak turua dari uatuaha

K&kuragaalat l&ih -ahal-&-utuhka ar&a yag

lua kar&a alat yag&ar


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2. Diidig5all C'lu-

Pra*raki'at'r (k'l'-&-u &rta-a t&-at

-aukya u-a)-&lakuka &-iahaatara r'duk alig

riga da alig &rat.K&-udia k&dua r'duk

t&r&ut -&-auki

k'l'- uta-a da-&-iahka k'-'&

d&ga titik didih&rt&gaha yag aka

dialirka -&lalui aliraa- i (id& tr&a-).

K&l&iha alat &d&rhaa-udah diragkai

K&kuraga

tidak &&*&kti* *raki'at'rutuk -&-iahka ayak


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3. M&,hai,al 6a'r 7&,'-r&i'

Pr'duk ata k'l'- yag -aih dala- *aa gadiaikka t&kaa da t&-&raturya 'l&h k'-r&'r

yag atiya aka diguaka &agai -&dia&-aa &ggati reboiler . -&t'd& ua

r&,'-r&i' -&kaik diguaka dala- &guaa

K&l&iha h&-at alat &ukar aak'u-i t&a- r&dah

K&kuraga

alat yag -ahalk'gurai yag ru-it&rlu -&guragi k'u-it&a- utuk h&-at &&rgi


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ktraki

ktraki adalah r'& &-iaha ,a-urah'-'g& d&ga 'l& &rdaarka &r&daak&larutaya dala- 'l&.

Tahataha r'& &ktraki

• M&,a-ur aha &ktraki d&ga &larut da-&-iarkaya alig &rk'tak

• M&-iahka laruta &ktrak dari raat

• M&gi'lai &ktrak9&larut &higga-&daatka k&-ali &larut


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$lat$lat ktraki

1. K'l'- ktraki

Dala- &uah k'l'- &ktraki

&rtikal aha &ktraki ,airda &larut alig dik'takka

d&ga arah alira yag&rla:aa.

K&l&iha

- k'l'- dik&-a agat &i&&&raa tahaa yagdi&rluka utuk daatdiguaka.

- dia-&t&r k'l'- k&,il

-M&ruah k'l'- yag adautuk -&igkatkakaaita

K&kuraga

&-aaga a,kig ulitutuk -&ghidari ,ha&lig


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2. ;ray T':&r

Faa rigadig&l&-ugka

-&l&:ati *aa &ratda &rku-ul

-&=adi atu adau=ug ata k'l'-K&l&iha

- ;i-l& ,'tru,ti'- C','k utuk a'ri

ga

K&kuraga- >': &?,i&,y- Tidak l&ih &*&kti*

dariada -&gguaka


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3. ;i&& Tray (P&r*'rat&d Plat& T':&r)Faa riga yag

&rku-ul di a:ah

&tia i&& traydid'r'g k& ata'l&h *aa &rat-&lalui luag

luag &lat daada aat yaga-a t&r&,ah

-&=adi t&t&t&t&

K&l&iha alat yag &d&rhaa

K&kuragaadaya k&-ugkia h':&r


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4. ktrakt'r &tri*ugal

ktrakt'r ii-&-a*aatkagaya &tri*ugal

utuk&-iaha *aa

K&l&iha &*&kti* utuk &-iaha yag ulitdilakuka

K&kuraga

-&-utuhka daya l&ih ayak


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@. MiA&r;&ttl&r

Btuk at,h-iA&r da

&ttl&r dala-

1 alat taiutuk it&-

yagk'tiyu

t&riahK&l&iha - ;,al& u- !igh ': rat&- ;l': -a tra*&r

-t&& -iAig.

K&kuraga- T'' larg&- N't t'' &,''-i,al

-P''r 'l&t,'&rati'


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Atra,ti& Ditillati'

Extractive Distillation adalahr'& &-iaha ,a-ura

h'-'g& yag -&-&tuka%&'tr' -&-iliki &r&daatitik didih yag k&,il da r&lati*

'latility k&,il.


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D&ai $lat Atra,ti& Ditillati'

P&ralata

Bta-a

P&ralata

Bta-a

Atra,ti&Ditillati'C'lu- (∆P tiggi)

Atra,ti&Ditillati'C'lu- (∆P tiggi)

F&&d;'l& lat&F&&d;'l& lat&

K'd&&rK'd&&r

7&'il&r7&'il&r

K'l'- &Atra,ti&ditillati'

K'l'- &Atra,ti&ditillati'

7&,'&ry C'lu-

(∆P r&dah)

7&,'&ry C'lu-

(∆P r&dah)

K'l'- *rakiaiK'l'- *rakiai

ktrakt'rktrakt'r


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F&&d;'l&t Plat&

F&&d lat&

• F&&d lat& diguakaada aat &i &Atra,ti&ditillati' ,'lu-

• F&&d lat& -&-utuhka =u-lah tag& yag l&ih&dikit

• F&&d -auk k& dala-

lat& agia a:ah-&ara ditilai&ktrakti* &higga&-aaga *&&d lat&&rada di triig&,ti'

Solvent Plate:

• K&utuha 'l& lat&l&ih ayak kar&a

'l& dialirka dari'l& r&,'&ry ,'lu-utuk &la=utya -aukk& taha &Atra,ti&ditillati'


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• >&takya haru di ata *&&d lat& (utuk -ii-u- 'iligh'-'g&&'u a%&'tr') da &ra-a d&ga *&&d (utuk -aki-u-'ilig h'-'g&&'u a%&'tr')

• +arak 'l& lat& da *&&d lat& &rlu diatur kar&a -&-&garuhi

k&-uria da =uga -&-&garuhi k'u-i &&rgi ada r&'il&r

• !aru -&igkatka &,ara igika 'latilita r&lati* ala-idari k'-'& ku,i

• ;&haruya tidak -&-&rluka rai' &rl&iha &larut utuk''l& (kar&a iaya &agaa dala- &ralata da

k'l'- ta-aha)• !aru r&akti* d&ga k'-'& dala- ,a-ura u-a

• !aru -&-iliki aa lat& yag r&dah

• !aru ','rr'i& ad 't'Ai,

• !aru tail ada uhu ditilai da &-iaha &larut

• !aru t&ta larut dala- k'-'& u-a da tidak haru-&garah ada &-&tuka dua *a&

• !aru -urah da t&r&dia

• !aru -udah diiahka dari r'duk a:ah


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K'd&&r

K'd&&r adalah &uah alat yag diguakautuk -&-uag kal'r k& ligkuga &higgaua aka -&g&-u da &ruah *aa dari ua

k& ,air.


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7&'il&r

7&'il&r -&guaka ,aira/liuiddari 'tt'- utuk -&ghailka

ga/ua yag dik&-alika k&-&ara dala- r'& &-iaha.


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Atra,ti&Ditillati' C'lu-

ET7$CT6D;T>>$TON D;N

T7$G CO>BMN

;i&& Tray 6al& Tray Hul& Ca Tray

P$CKDCO>BMN


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Tray

Tray

,'lu-

;i&& tray

6al& tray

Hul& ,a tray

P&gguaa tray t':&r =ika

ut liuid da ua tiggi6&&l :all haru di&rika &,ara &rkalaBtuk r&ur& dr' tiggi


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Kar&a haya

t&rdaat luagluag da

taa&ghalag

,aira -akak&tika k'diialira ua yagr&dah ,aira

daat turu

-&l&:ati luag

1. ;i&& TrayK&l&ihaPalig &d&rhaaPalig &k''-i

K&kuragaK&,&ata ua yag r&lati* l&ihr&dah diadigka ada k'dii'&rai 'r-al

K&l&iha


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2. 6al& Tray

• +&i tray yag ayak

diguaka dala-r'& &Atra,ti&ditillati'

• Pada tia luagt&rdaat katu yagt&ruka atu arah&higga ua daataik &dagka ,airatidak daat turu

• Tray ii diguakak&tika k&,&ata ua

tidak k'ta

K&l&iha >&ih &i&*&kti* -&,&gah h':&r

K&kuragal&ih -ahal dariadai&& tray


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3. Hul& Ca Tray

K&l&iha

• Palig agu utukalira liuid yagr&dah

K&kuraga

• Kaaita l&ih k&,ildiadig i&& daal& tray

• M&-&rluka iaya

alig ayak

K&l&iha &Ail& '&rat& ati*a,t'rily at&ry high ad l': liuid ': rat&

K&kuraga- high &trai-&t- igi,at liuid gradi&t- high *'ulig -iAtur&- A&i&

-P''r &r*'r-a,&


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Ch''ig Tray

• Th& ri,il& *a,t'r t' ,'id&r :h& ,'-arig th&&r*'r-a,& '* ul&,a i&& ad al& tray ar&

• C't Hul&,a ar& ar&,ialy -'r& &A&i& thai&& 'r al& tray ad th& r&lati& ,'t :ill d&&d

' th& -at&rial '* ,'tru,ti' u&d. Du& t' it i-l&d&ig i&& tray ar& 'r-ally th& ,h&a&t.


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Ch''ig Tray

• O&ratig 7ag& Thi r&*&r t' th& rag& '* a'urad liuid rat& '&r :hi,h th& tray :ill '&rat&ati*a,t'rily. Th& rati' '* th& high&t t' th& l':&t':rat& i '*t& r&*&rr&d t' a th& Iturd':I rati'.

Hul&,a tray ha& a 'iti& liuid &al ad ,ath&r&*'r& '&rat& &?,i&tly at &ry l': a'ur rat&.;i&& tray r&ly ' th& ': '* a'ur thr'ugh th&h'l& t' h'ld th& liuid ' th& tray thu ,a't '&rat&at &ry l': a'ur rat&. 6al& tray ar& it&d&d t'gi& gr&at&r &Aiility tha i&& tray at a l':&r ,'ttha ul&,a Thu ul&,a tray ha& th&:id&t '&ratig rag& *'ll':&d y al& tray adi&& tray.


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Ch''ig Tray

• Pr&ur& Dr' Thi *a,t'r :ill & i-'rtat i a,uu-'&rati'. Th& tray r&ur& dr' :ill d&&d ' th&d&tail&d d&ig '* th& tray ut i g&&ral i&& traygi& th& l':&t r&ur& dr' *'ll':&d y al& :ith

ul&,a giig th& high&t.• Mait&a,& F'r dirty &ri,& ul&,a ar& 'tuital& a th&y ar& -'t u,&til& t' luggig. ;i&&tray ar& th& &ai&t t' ,l&a.


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K&l&iha Tray C'lu-

• K'tak atara 2 *aa aik• Mudah di&rihka

• Hiaya &-&riha -urah

K&kuraga Tray C'lu-

• Tidak ,','k utuk aha yag k'r'i*

• Pr&ur& dr' &ar

• !'ldu ,aira &ar

• Daat -&y&aka ''dig :&&ig&trai-&t


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• aggua yag daat t&r=adi ada tray t':&r

• Fl''dig -&ruaka k'dii di-aa k&,&ata ua t&rlalu &ar&higga ,aira t&ra:a di dala- ua k& ata k'l'-. Fl''dig

did&t&ki 'l&h k&aika ta=a- ada &r&daa t&kaa ada k'l'-da &urua igika ada &i&i &-iaha.

• 5&&ig -&ruaka k'dii di-aa k&,&ata ua t&rlalu k&,il&higga ,aira aka -&&t& -&lalui luag tray. $kiatya r'&tra*&r -aa atara ua da ,aira tidak &r=ala d&ga aik.

Kar&a ua haya -&-&tuk g&l&-ugg&l&-ug k&,il yag&rada ada tray da tidak -a-u k& ata (tag& &la=utya).

• trai-&t -&ruaka &riti:a ikut t&ra:aya utirautira,aira 'l&h ga yag -&galir k& ata kar&a k&,&ata alira gatiggi. +ika =arak atara lat& t&rlalu k&,il -aka ,aira yag t&ra:a'l&h ga &lu- &-at k& a:ah lagi &higga ,aira -&lua

dia:ah lat&.

• Du-ig -&ruaka k'dii t&r=adi &u-uka ,aira di alah atuagia tray yag di&aka alira ,aira t&rlalu &ar akiatya,aira aka tu-ah -&lalui ri&r k& lat& yag &rada dia:ah.


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Pa,k&d T':&r

• Pa,k&d ,'lu- ar& u&d *'r ditillati' gaa'rti' ad liuidliuid &Atra,ti'.

• Th& galiuid ,'ta,t i a a,k&d ,'lu- i

,'tiu'u 't tag&:i& a i a lat& ,'lu-.• Th& liuid ': d': i th& ,'lu- '&r aa,kig ur*a,& ad th& a'r ('r th& ga)-'& ,'ut&r,urr&tly u th& ,'lu-. Th&&r*'r-a,& '* a a,k&d ,'lu- i &ry

d&&d&t ' th& -ait&a,& '* g''d liuidad ga ditriuti' thr'ugh th& a,k&d &dad thi i a i-'rtat ,'id&rati' i a,k&d,'lu- d&ig.


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Pa,k&d T':&r

Pa,k&d t':&r -&ruaka k'l'- &rtikal yagt&lah diii aha iia (a,kig) yag t&ruat daril'ga- latik atau k&ra-ik.

P&gguaa a,k&d t':&r =ika

1. ;&iti* t&rhada uhu

2. Pr&ur& dr' yag diigika r&dah

3. ut liuid r&dah

4. Dia-&t&r t':&r k&,il

@. T&rdaat k'-'& k'r'i* &la-a r'&


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+&i Haha ia

1. 7ad'- Pa,kig


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;G$7$T H$!$N ;$N

• !aru -&-iliki lua &r-ukaa &r 'lu-& yag&ar &higga daat -&y&diaka lua k'takyag &ar

•

!aru -&-iliki 'r'ita yag &ar &higga pressure drop tidak tiggi

• !aru daat -&-iliki J:&ttig ,hara,t&riti,Jyag aik.

• Taha k'r'i

• M&-iliki bulk density yag r&dah

• Tidak -ahal


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;tru,tur&d a,kig

;tru,tur&d a,kig iaaya -&-&rikar&ur& dr' l&ih r&dah da kaaita

&rta &i&i l&ih tiggi dariada rad'-

a,kig


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K&l&iha Pa,k&d C'lu-

• Pressure Drop k&,il• Hiaya l&ih -urah kar&a dia-&t&r k&,il

• Daat diguaka utuk aha yag tidak tahauhu tiggi da aha yag k'r'i*

K&kuraga Pa,k&d C'lu-

• P&-&riha ulit dilakuka

• Daat -&y&aka channeling da by-passing

• Cha&llig -&-&tuk =alur &diri

• Hy aig gak l&:at a,k&d &dya


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Pa,k&d C'lu- . Plat& C'lu-

• Th& di&r&,& i ,'t &t:&& lat& ad a,k&d,'lu- i 't t'' gr&at alth'ugh a,kig ar&g&&rally -'r& &A&i& tha lat&.

• additi' th& di&r&,& i ,'lu- h&ight i 't

uually igi,at i* th& ': rat& ar& u,h that&?,i&,i& ar& &ar -aAi-u-.


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Plat& . Pa,k&d

• Plate columns can be designed to handle a wider range of liquid and gas flow rates thanpacked columns.

• Packed columns are not suitable for very low liquid flow rates.

• The efficiency of a plate can be predicted more accurately than the equivalent terms ofpackings (HETP or HTU.

• !or corrosive liquids a packed column will usually be cheaper than the equivalent platecolumn.

• The liquid hold"up is lower in a packed column than in a plate column. This can be important when the hold"up of to#ic or flammable liquids must be kept as small as possible for safetyreasons.

•

Packed columns are more suitable for handling foaming systems.• The pressure drop can be lower in a packed column than the equivalent plate column.

• Height Equivalent a Theoretical Plate (HETP

• !&ight '* a Tra*&r Bit


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Plat& . Pa,k&d C'lu-

C'diti' *a'urig a,k&d ,'lu-

• -alldia-&t&r ,'lu- (l& tha 0.L-)

• -'r& ,h'i,& i -at&rial '* ,'tru,ti' *'r a,kig&&,ially i ,'rr'i& &ri,& (&.g. lati, ,&ra-i,-&tal all'y)

• l':&r r&ur& dr' (i-'rtat i a,uu- ditillati')

• l& liuid &trai-&t l': liuid h'ldu &&,iallyuital& *'r th&r-ally &iti& -at&rial

•

*'a-ig liuid ,a & hadl&d -'r& r&adily (l&agitati' '* liuid y th& a'ur)


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Plat& . Pa,k&d C'lu-

C'diti' *a'urig lat& ,'lu-

• arial& liuid ad/'r a'ur l'ad

• l': liuid rat& larg& u-&r '* tag& ad/'rdia-&t&r

• high liuid r&id&,& ti-&

• dirty &ri,& (lat& ,'lu- ar& &ai&r t' ,l&a)

• r&&,& '* th&r-al 'r -&,hai,al tr& du& t' larg&t&-&ratur& ,hag& :hi,h -ight l&ad t' ,ra,k&d

a,kig• &A'th&r- r&uirig ,''lig ,'il iid& ,'lu-


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T&ri-akaih

presentasi extraction distilation

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