BIS 100 Chapter - 2 1Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph

Chapter 2:

Software

ComputersLarry Long & Nancy Long© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc.

BIS 100 Chapter - 2 2Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph

Objectives Software Operating system purposes Windows concepts Software suite applications There are many applications for personal computers Graphics and multimedia

Software

BIS 100 Chapter - 2 3Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph

What is Software?Set of programs or instructions that tells the computer what to do.

System Software Programs that control or maintain the operations of

the computer and its devices Takes control of the PC on startup, and then plays a

central role in all interactions with the computer.Application Software

Designed and created to perform specific personal, business and scientific processing tasks.

Software

BIS 100 Chapter - 2 4Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph

System SoftwareOperating System – System software programs, that monitor and controls all the I/O and processing operations in a computer

Kernel - one of the operating system programs, loaded into memory at start-up and remains there until the computer is shut down loads other operating system and application programs to RAM as they are needed

Utility Programs – computer maintenance

Software

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Operating System Functions

Facilitate communication between computer & its users.Facilitate communication among system components.Facilitate communication between linked computer systems.Maximize throughputOptimize use of computer system resources.Keep track of all files in a disk storage.Provide security for the computer system.Monitor all system capabilities and alert the user of system failure or potential problems.

Software

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Operating System Functions

Allocating system resources Multitasking – more than one program running at

a time Foreground – program that is active Background – programs of lower priority

Software

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User InterfaceText-based, command driven interface Eg. MS DOSGraphical User Interface Eg. MS Windows

Pointing device such as a mouse Icon – picture that represents a file or a computer task

Software

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PC Operating Systems and PlatformsPC/Windows Platform (Wintel)

Older versions of Windows Windows 95/98 Windows ME

Modern PC Operating Systems Windows XP – plug and play Windows 2005 Server

Windows CE.NET Designed for hand-held, pocket PCs, and

other small devices.

Software

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Other Computer Platforms

The Macintosh/Mac PlatformUnix – multiuser operating systemLinux – open source version of Unix

Open source – source code is available to users for review and modification

LindowsOS – Linux based, Windows compatible

Software

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Utility Programs Disk and file maintenance System recovery Security Backup Virus protection

Software

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Windows Concepts and Terminology Window – rectangular area on the screen Desktop – where Windows icons are displayed Application window Active window Open application Workspace

Software

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Windows Concepts and Terminology Menus – lists of user choices

Pull-down menusShortcut keys

Toolbars – contain buttons for frequently used commands Dialog box – allows the user to provide information to the software

Software

BIS 100 Chapter - 2 13Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph

Working with Files File

-Recording of information in an electronic format

-String of 0s and 1s (digitized data) that are stored and retrieved as a single unit.

-Each file has a user supplied name by which it is stored and retrieved.

File types:ASCII – text onlyData – contains data

Software

BIS 100 Chapter - 2 14Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph

Working with Files File types:

Document – word processor file contain text and embedded images Spreadsheet – rows and columns of dataWeb page Source program – user-created instructions to the computerExecutable – contains executable machine language codeGraphics – contains digitized imagesAudio – contains digitized soundVideo – contains digitized video

Software

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Working with Files A file’s optional 3 character extension

indicates the type of file ASCII file: filename.txtfilename.txt Microsoft Access data file: filename.mdbfilename.mdb Microsoft Word document file: filename.docfilename.doc Microsoft Excel spreadsheet file: filename.xlsfilename.xls Web page file: filename.htmfilename.htm Visual Basic source file: filename.vbpfilename.vbp Executable program file: filename.exefilename.exe Graphic files: filename.giffilename.gif, filename.bmpfilename.bmp,

filename.jpgfilename.jpg, filename.tiffilename.tif, or filename.pcxfilename.pcx Audio file: filename.wavfilename.wav Video file: filename.movfilename.mov

Software

BIS 100 Chapter - 2 16Prepared By: Mrs. Shanu Joseph

Working with FilesWhat can be done to a file?

Create, name, saveCopy, move, deleteRetrieve, updateDisplay, print, playExecuteDownload/uploadImport – open a file from another program Compress – reduce the size of a file so it can be uploaded more quickly

Zip file – the reduced file. It must be unzipped before it can be used.

Software

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File ManagementWindows Explorer – file management tool Folders – used to organize a storage device such as a hard disk or diskette Path – indicates what folder a file is stored in

Software

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File Management ActivitiesSave/Save AsOpenCopyCut Delete Rename

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Productivity Software: The Software SuiteSoftware suite – set of applications bundled together as a single unit.

Eg. MS OfficeWord processingPresentation SoftwareSpreadsheet SoftwareDatabase SoftwarePersonal information management Software (PIM).

Software

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Productivity Software: The Software SuiteWord processing

Spell checkerOnline thesaurusGrammar and style checker

Software

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Productivity Software: The Software SuitePresentation software

TextPhotos/imagesCharts and graphsOriginal drawingsClip artAudio clipsFull-motion videoOnline thesaurusGrammar and style checker

Software

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Productivity Software: The Software SuiteSpreadsheet software

Rows and columnsCell – intersection of a row and a columnCell address – column and row the cell appears in

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Productivity Software: The Software SuiteDatabase software

Create and maintain a databaseExtract information Make inquiriesSort recordsGenerate reports

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Productivity Software: The Software SuitePersonal Information Management (PIM) software

MessagesAppointmentsContactsTasks

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PC SoftwareShareware – author counts on the honor system for payment; copyrightedFreeware – may be used free of charge; copyrighted Public-domain software – may be used without restriction; not copyrighted

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PC SoftwareHome and family software

Legal advisorsHobbies

Education and edutainment softwareReference softwareBusiness and financial software

Software

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Graphics Software and MultimediaMultimedia – use of text, pictures, animation, and sound to present an ideaGraphics software – allows the user to create pictures on a computer

Software