prepared by darrell g. mullins salisbury university this multimedia product and its contents are...
TRANSCRIPT
HUMAN COMMUNICATION IN SOCIETY
BY JESS K. ALBERTS, THOMAS K. NAKAYAMA AND JUDITH N. MARTIN
Prepared by Darrell G. Mullins Salisbury University
This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:• Any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network;• Preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images;• Any rental, lease or lending of the program.
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
CHAPTER 9:SMALL GROUP COMMUNICATION
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
Overview of Themes
The Importance of Small Group Communication
What Is Small Group Communication? Small Group Communication and the
Individual Effective Small Group Communication The Individual, Small Group Communication,
and Society Ethics and Small Group Communication Improving Your Small Group Communication
SkillsCopyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
The Importance of Small Group Communication
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
“Whether you love working in groups or hate it, groups are everywhere.”
Pixland/Jupiterimages
Reasons to Study Small Group Communication
Inevitability of Groups Primary Groups Secondary Groups
Enhanced College Performance Enhanced Career Success Enhanced Personal Life
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Working in Groups
Advantages Higher Quality Decisions
Stimulates Creativity Social Facilitation
Promotes Critical Thinking Disadvantages
Takes More Time Can Facilitate Dominators Teamwork Has Its Limits
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
“You might think that a small group is simply a collection of individuals, but we (and most communication scholars) have a more specific definition for small groups.”
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is small group communication?© moodboard/Corbis Royalty Free
Small Group Communication Defined
Communication among a small number of people who share a common purpose who are connected to one another who have influence on one another
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
Small Group Communication and the Individual
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
“The quality of a group depends on the contributions of individual members, and one reason for ineffective groups is the poor communication skills of individual members. Lack of communication among group members can even be disastrous.”
Tom Merton/OJO Images/Getty Images Royalty Free
Small Group Communication Task Roles
Initiator-Contributor Information Seeker Information Giver Opinion Giver Elaborator Coordinator
Orienter Evaluator-Critic Energizer Procedural-
Technician Recorder
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
Small Group Communication Relational Roles
Encourager Harmonizer Compromiser Gatekeeper Expediter Standard Setter Group Observer Follower
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
Small Group Communication“Individual” Roles
Aggressor Blocker Recognition Seeker Self-Confessor Joker Dominator Help Seeker Special-Interest Pleader
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why is the word individual in quotation marks?
Theories of Leadership
Trait Theory Functional Theory Style Theory Transformational Theory Servant Leadership Theory
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
Andy Lyons/Getty Images
Effective Small Group Communication
Balancing Task/Relational Interaction Equal Participation Consensus Decision-Making Style Cooperative Conflict Style Respectful Communication Style
Use the Problem-Solving Agenda
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
Stages of the Problem-Solving Agenda
Define/Delineate the Problem Analyze the Problem Identify Alternative Solutions Evaluate Proposed Solutions Choose the Best Solution
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
Small Group Decision Making
Decision-Making Phases Orientation and Primary Tension Conflict and Secondary Tension Emergence Reinforcement
The Disadvantages of Extreme Group Cohesion-Groupthink
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
Technology and Group Communication
How Technology Enhances Positive Communication
Types of Group-Oriented Technology Virtual Meetings Group Support Software GSS Technology Combinations
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
“The world outside influences this form of communication in two important respects: (1) the way power is used inside and outside groups, and (2) the role cultural diversity plays.”
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
©Bob Daemmrich/The Image Works
The Individual, Small Group Communication, and Society
The Impact of Societal Forces on Group Communication
Power Structures Members of dominant social groups may
dominate small groups in which they function
Use of legitimate and coercive power Cultural Diversity
Innovation Performance Group Processes Group Enjoyment
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
Ethics and Small Group Communication
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.
Improving Your Small Group Communication
“While you should strive for accuracy and honesty in your language, there may be times when you should not say everything you know—for example, when you should respect the confidentiality of others, including group members.”
Some Guidelines
Remember that individual actions have a larger impact.
Truth and honesty are critical. Know when to hold back. Use authentic communication. Listen to the speaker. Cultivate an interdependent attitude. Strive for cohesion. Work to build trust.
Copyright © 2010, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.