practically delivering energy-reducingtechnology to optimise efficiency on the ground
TRANSCRIPT
Practically Delivering Energy-Practically Delivering Energy-ReducingReducing
Technology To Optimise Technology To Optimise Efficiency On The GroundEfficiency On The Ground
Andy Watson Andy Watson CEngCEng
Former BAA Energy ManagerFormer BAA Energy Manager
Sim Energy Ltd
AgendaAgenda
The practicalities of energy efficiency The practicalities of energy efficiency retrofitretrofit
Easing implementationEasing implementation
Training and auditing to assist deliveryTraining and auditing to assist delivery
Measuring performance improvementMeasuring performance improvement
Who is…..Who is…..
? If it’s going to be done….
Cost and Space ImplicationsCost and Space Implications
As of 2001:
Annual utility spend £40 million
Total 10yr Investment: £15 million
Overall saving £6 million
SPB on investment 2.5 years
Reduce CO2 emissions from utilities by 28% on BAU projections by 2010
• Case study – Heathrow Airport
Space implicationsSpace implications
Retrofitting widgets/gadgets rather than Retrofitting widgets/gadgets rather than assetsassets
Replacement assets smaller than originalReplacement assets smaller than originalElectronics replacing mechanicsElectronics replacing mechanicsControls more reliable – less maintenanceControls more reliable – less maintenance Integrate suppliers, engineering and Integrate suppliers, engineering and
specialist contractorsspecialist contractors
The Business CaseThe Business Casefor The Energy Retrofitfor The Energy Retrofit
??????Marginal Preferable
Maximising the ReturnsMaximising the Returns(Telling the real story)(Telling the real story)
Increasing cost of utilities + inflationIncreasing cost of utilities + inflation
Comparison to other capital investmentsComparison to other capital investments
Infrastructure savingsInfrastructure savings
IRR/NPV not simple pay backIRR/NPV not simple pay back
Simple Payback
£1,000,000 investment£100,000 annual saving
SPB = 10yrsIRR = 10%
Full Financial Appraisal
£1,000,000 investment£100,000 annual saving
+ increase in utilities+ infrastructure savings over 10 yrs
PBI = 8yrsIRR = 26.5%REJE
CTED
Distribution of InvestmentDistribution of Investment
Construction88%
On-costs9%
Risk3%
Minimising the CostsMinimising the Costs
Construction
RiskOn-costs
Asset-based investmentSo lu t i on-based in ves tment
Asset-base InvestmentAsset-base Investment
Maximised opportunities AND cost efficiencyMaximised opportunities AND cost efficiency
Scale of opportunity(CO2t/an)
Mitigation cost($$$/CO2t/an)
The OutcomeThe Outcome
A series of asset-focussed sub-strategies A series of asset-focussed sub-strategies e.g.e.g.
Distribution of InvestmentDistribution of InvestmentChiller
8%Lighting
9%
Heat generation3%
H/C water distribution
21%
Baggage handling7%
Lifts, travs, escalators
13%
BMS8%
Air distribution28%
Small power3%
Costs
Chiller20%
Lighting5%
Heat generation7%
H/C w ater distribution10%
Baggage handling5%
Lifts, travs, escalators6%
BMS14%
Air distribution30%
Small power3%
Savings
The EffectsThe Effects Construction:
Discount for volumes
Space optimised
Risk:
Easier mitigation actions
Consistent suppliers – case studies
Repetitive -> reliable installation
On-costs:
Fewer projects
Quicker delivery
Implementation of the AssetImplementation of the AssetThe Maintenance Integration ProcessThe Maintenance Integration Process
Concept Options Design Delivery Operation
When?When?
Who?Who?
Performance ImprovementPerformance ImprovementYear on year performanceYear on year performanceSpecific energy measuresSpecific energy measures
By nature of businessBy nature of businessProperty – energy/mProperty – energy/m22
Manufacturing – energy/item madeManufacturing – energy/item madeCommercial – energy/turnoverCommercial – energy/turnover
By nature of equipmentBy nature of equipmentAir conditioning – energy/Degree dayAir conditioning – energy/Degree dayEscalators – energy/m ascentEscalators – energy/m ascent
All influenced by other driving factors – weather, load changes, wear,
CUSUM
Cumulative Sum AnalysisCumulative Sum Analysis
Ref: www.vesma.com
1. Establish a record 1. Establish a record of driving factor of driving factor against energy useagainst energy use
y = 22.568x + 61.55R2 = 0.96
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 5 10 15 20 25
Temp
En
erg
y
2. Plot a scatter graph 2. Plot a scatter graph and establish a trendand establish a trend
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Day
En
erg
y
0
5
10
15
20
25
Tem
p
Prediction
Actual
Temp
3. Make predictions and record actual consumption
(60)
(40)
(20)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
4. Calculate the variation between predicted and actual consumption
(200)
(100)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Day
CU
SU
M e
ner
gy
5. Cumulatively sum the variations
Identify:
• Stable performance
• Optimum performance
• Problems stabilising
• Effects of energy efficiency on stable operation
Example – 3 storey common user office building – chiller energy
Stable operation Fault Fault stabilises Repair Energy efficiencyinstalled
DevolvementDevolvement
Who should do this?Who should do this?
How often?How often?
SummarySummary
Effective implementation is not done soloEffective implementation is not done solo
Communication is everythingCommunication is everything
Some of the best work is done in the officeSome of the best work is done in the office
Proper capital planning will save more Proper capital planning will save more energy per unit spentenergy per unit spent
Thank you for listeningThank you for listening