pr-705: 2015 long-term summary of kentucky forage variety
TRANSCRIPT
R E S E A R C H
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONUNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND ENVIRONMENT, LEXINGTON, KY, 40546
University of Kentucky • Lexington, Kentucky 40546
PR-705
2015 Long-Term Summary of Kentucky Forage Variety TrialsG.L. Olson, S.R. Smith, Plant and Soil Sciences
List of Tables pageTable 1. White Clover Yield ..........................................1Table 2. Red Clover Yield ..............................................2Table 3 Alfalfa Yield ......................................................4Table 4. Tall Fescue Yield ..............................................6Table 5. Orchardgrass Yield .........................................7Table 6. Annual Ryegrass Yield ...................................8Table 7. Timothy Yield.................................................10Table 8. Kentucky Bluegrass Yield............................10Table 9 Perennial Ryegrass Yield .............................12Table 10. Festulolium Yield ..........................................14Table 11. Sudangrass Yield ..........................................14Table 12. Sorghum-Sudangrass Yield .......................15Table 13. Pearl Millet Yield ...........................................15Table 14. Teff Yield .........................................................16Table 15. White Clover Grazing ...................................16Table 16. Perennial Ryegrass Grazing .......................17Table 17. Orchardgrass Horse Grazing ......................17Table 18 Alfalfa Grazing ...............................................18Table 19. Tall Fescue Grazing.......................................19Table 20. Tall Fescue Horse Grazing ...........................19Table 21. Orchardgrass Grazing ..................................20
Table 1. Summary of Kentucky white clover yield trials 2002-2015 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
Variety Type Proprietor
Lexington Princeton QuicksandEden Shale
Mean3
(#trials)021,2 03 04 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 03 05 03 033yr4 3yr 3-yr 2-yr 2-yr 3yr 2yr 3yr 3yr 2yr 2yr 3yr 3-yr 2yr 2yr
Advantage Ladino Allied Seed, L.L.C. 125 106 116(2)Alice Intermediate Barenbrug USA 86 –Avoca Dutch DLF International
Seeds59 82 71(2)
Barblanca Intermediate Barenbrug USA 92 –CA ladino Ladino Public 100 124 103 98 106(4)Colt Intermediate Seed Research of OR 90 57 114 87(3)Common Dutch Public 100 53 98 78 82(4)Companion Ladino Oregro Seeds 87 94 92 91(3)Crescendo Ladino Cal/West Seeds 105 140 109 118(3)Crusader II Intermediate Allied Seed, L.L.C. 90 50 54 69 66(4)Excel Ladino Allied Seed, L.L.C. 100 –Durana Intermediate Pennington 94 94 88 82 85 97 93 84 94 87 83 101 95 91(13)GWC-AS10 Ladino Ampac Seed 102 –Insight Ladino Allied Seed, L.L.C. 128 –Ivory Intermediate Cebeco 96 –Ivory II Intermediate DLF International
Seeds86 101 127 105(3)
Jumbo Ladino Ampac Seed 93 –Jumbo II Ladino Ampac Seed 121 101 111(2)Kopu II Intermediate Ampac Seed 97 97 95 95 103 96 80 90 94(8)KY Select Intermediate KY. Agric. Exp.
Station98 95 97(2)
Ocoee Ladino Allied Seed, L.L.C. 89 74 82(2)Patriot Intermediate Pennington 103 87 104 113 95 117 117 99 81 104 100 98 99 101(13)Pinnacle Ladino Allied Seed, L.L.C. 120 111 116(2)Rampart Ladino Allied Seed, L.L.C. 80 89 97 83 87(4)Regal Ladino Public 99 96 92 125 100 116 118 129 147 127 107 100 104 112(13)RegalGraze Ladino Cal/West Seeds 127 140 102 103 118(4)Resolute Intermediate FFR/Southern States 63 –Seminole Ladino Saddle Butte Ag. Inc 108 70 79 86(3)Super Haifa Intermediate Allied Seed, L.L.C. 77 –Tillman II Ladino Caudill Seed 103 –WBDX Dutch Saddle Butte Ag. Inc 72 –Will Ladino Allied Seed, L.L.C. 107 162 150 132 107 119 137 130 128 136 131(10)
1 Year trial was established.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in forage yield between varieties.
To find actual yields, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific trial. For example, the Lexington trial planted in 2010 was harvested three years, so the final report would be “2012 Red and White Clover Report” archived in the KY Forage website at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage.
3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 Number of years of data.
Introduction Forage crops occupy approximately 7 million acres in Kentucky. Forages provide a majority of the nutrition for beef, dairy, horse, goat, sheep, and wildlife in the state. In addition, forage crops play an environmentally friendly role in soil conservation, water quality, and air quality. There are over 60 forage
species adapted to the climate and soil conditions of Kentucky. Only 10 to 12 of these species occupy the majority of the acreage, but within these species there is a tremendous variation in varieties. This publication was developed to provide a user-friendly guide to choosing the best variety for producers based on a summary of forage yield and grazing
2
Tabl
e 2.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y re
d cl
over
yie
ld tr
ials
200
0-20
15 (y
ield
show
n as
a p
erce
ntag
e of
the
mea
n of
the
nam
ed co
mm
erci
al v
arie
ties i
n th
e tr
ial).
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Qui
cksa
ndEd
en S
hale
Mea
n3
(#tr
ials
)00
1,2
0001
0203
0406
0809
1011
1213
1400
0305
0809
1113
0103
0508
1000
0308
103y
r43y
r3y
r3y
r3y
r3y
r2y
r3y
r2y
r3y
r3y
r2y
r2y
r2y
r3y
r3y
r2y
r3y
r2y
r2y
r3y
r2y
r2y
r3y
r3y
r3y
r3y
r2y
r3y
r3y
rAA
117E
RAB
I Alfa
lfa11
087
9296
(3)
Accl
aim
Allie
d Se
ed92
–Ar
lingt
onW
I Agr
. Exp
.Sta
.72
–Be
lleAg
ribio
tech
8882
85(2
)Ch
erok
eeFL
Agr
. Exp
. Sta
.78
6572
(2)
Cinn
amon
FFR/
Sou.
St.
111
108
110(
2)Ci
nnam
on P
lus
FFR/
Sou.
St.
9710
911
212
311
794
116
101
9011
210
210
210
010
010
310
812
410
812
210
7(19
)Co
mm
on O
Publ
ic96
9763
9288
6772
7782
(8)
Dom
inio
nSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R10
295
102
9310
910
0(5)
Dur
atio
nCi
sco
Co.
8610
010
697
(3)
Emar
wan
Turf
-See
d91
117
106
101
9910
3(5)
Free
dom
!Ba
renb
rug
USA
108
105
127
123
9611
891
100
108
106
109
9910
099
105
110
136
107
116
9510
711
110
311
910
611
510
210
210
014
010
9(30
)Fr
eedo
m!M
RBa
renb
rug
USA
118
115
102
114
114
112
106
101
108
9411
112
811
812
511
2(14
)FS
G 40
2Al
lied
Seed
102
114
108(
2)FS
G 96
01Al
lied
Seed
89–
Galla
ntTu
rner
See
d10
010
710
4(2)
Impa
ctSp
ecia
lty S
eeds
106
9798
100(
3)Ju
liet
Caud
ill S
eed
8493
9084
5982
(5)
Kenl
and
(cer
t.)KY
Ag.
Exp
Sta.
110
111
127
139
118
117
117
9911
199
116
114
106
108
104
102
9211
310
610
611
511
188
105
104
123
104
9811
013
811
0(30
)Ke
nlan
d (u
ncer
t)Pu
blic
8274
8367
6692
77(6
)
Kens
tar
KY A
g.Ex
p St
a.10
510
410
5(2)
Kent
onKY
Ag.
Exp
Sta.
100
9311
910
990
9511
212
198
9510
511
294
9399
106
9810
298
102(
19)
Kenw
ayKY
Ag.
Exp
Sta.
106
104
111
134
9711
911
810
094
106
103
100
103
9410
210
6(15
)LS
970
3Le
wis
Seed
107
8697
(2)
Mor
ning
Sta
rCa
l/Wes
t See
ds90
9090
(2)
Plus
Allie
d Se
ed11
311
397
108(
3)Pl
us II
Allie
d Se
ed13
097
114(
2)Pr
ima
Publ
ic92
7483
(2)
continuedtolerance trials conducted in Kentucky
over the past 12 to 15 years. Detailed variety reports and forage management publications are available from your lo-cal county agent or at the University of Kentucky forage Web site at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage by clicking on the “Forage Variety Trial” link.
Species in This Report Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a high-quality, short-lived, perennial legume that is used in mixed or pure stands for pasture, hay, silage, green chop, soil improvement, and wildlife habitat. This species is adapted to a wide range of climatic and soil conditions and therefore is versatile as a forage crop. Stands of im-proved varieties are generally productive for two to three years, with the highest yields occurring in the year following establishment. Red clover is used pri-marily as a renovation legume for grass pastures. It is a dominant forage legume in Kentucky because it is relatively easy to establish and has high forage quality and high yield. White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is a low-growing, perennial pasture legume with white flowers. It differs from red clover in that the stems (stolons) grow along the surface of the soil and can form adventitious roots that may lead to the development of new plants. White clover is classified into ladino, Dutch, and intermediate types. The intermediate types combine the higher yield of ladino with the grazing tolerance of the Dutch types. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) has histori-cally been the highest yielding, highest quality forage legume grown in Ken-tucky. It forms the basis of Kentucky’s cash hay enterprise and is an important component in dairy, horse, beef, and sheep diets and wildlife habitat. Choos-ing a good alfalfa variety is a key step in establishing a stand of alfalfa. The choice of variety can impact yield, stand persis-tence, insect and disease resistance, and grazing tolerance. Orchardgrass (Dactylus glomerata) is a high-quality, productive, cool-season grass that is well adapted to Kentucky conditions. This grass is used for pasture, hay, green chop, and silage, but it requires better management than tall fescue for
3
Tabl
e 2.
continued
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Qui
cksa
ndEd
en S
hale
Mea
n3
(#tr
ials
)00
1,2
0001
0203
0406
0809
1011
1213
1400
0305
0809
1113
0103
0508
1000
0308
103y
r43y
r3y
r3y
r3y
r3y
r2y
r3y
r2y
r3y
r3y
r2y
r2y
r2y
r3y
r3y
r2y
r3y
r2y
r2y
r3y
r2y
r2y
r3y
r3y
r3y
r3y
r2y
r3y
r3y
rQ
uine
quel
iCa
udill
See
d92
8057
76(3
)Re
d Go
ld
Pros
eeds
M
arke
ting
8189
102
91(3
)
Red
Gold
Plu
sTu
rner
See
d97
9795
9598
9897
(6)
Redl
anGr
aze
ABI A
lfalfa
95–
Redl
anGr
aze
IIAm
eric
as A
lfalfa
9110
493
96(3
)Re
dlan
d M
axAB
I Alfa
lfa95
–Re
dsta
rtSy
ngen
ta10
278
90(2
)Ro
bust
Scot
t See
d92
–Ro
bust
IISe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R11
010
810
9(2)
Rock
etSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R10
610
810
7(2)
Rojo
Dia
blo
Grea
t Pla
ins
9910
110
0(2)
Roya
l Red
FFR/
Sou.
St.
108
9291
9697
(4)
Rust
ler
Ore
gro
Seed
s83
101
8494
9910
494
(6)
Scar
let
Dai
ryla
nd95
–Si
enna
Grea
t Pla
ins
9110
699
(2)
Solid
Prod
uctio
n Se
rvic
e97
102
9884
7998
8786
7610
584
91(1
1)
SS-0
303R
CGFF
R/So
u.St
.11
010
310
7(2)
Star
fire
Ampa
c Se
ed97
9399
9895
96(5
)St
arfir
e II
Cal/W
est &
Am
pac
101
111
104
112
110
112
115
111
110(
8)
Trip
le Tr
ust 3
50AB
I Alfa
lfa10
192
9295
(3)
Vesn
aD
LF-J
enks
5396
75(2
)W
ildca
tBr
ett Y
oung
See
ds10
110
798
102(
3)1
Year
tria
l was
est
ablis
hed.
2 Us
e th
is su
mm
ary
tabl
e as
a g
uide
in m
akin
g va
riety
dec
ision
s, bu
t ref
er to
spec
ific
year
ly re
port
s to
dete
rmin
e st
atist
ical
diff
eren
ces i
n fo
rage
yie
ld b
etw
een
varie
ties.
To fi
nd a
ctua
l yie
lds,
look
in th
e ye
arly
repo
rt fo
r the
fina
l ye
ar o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c tr
ial.
For e
xam
ple,
the
Lexi
ngto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
201
0 w
as h
arve
sted
thre
e ye
ars,
so th
e fin
al re
port
wou
ld b
e “20
12 R
ed a
nd W
hite
Clo
ver R
epor
t” ar
chiv
ed in
the
KY F
orag
e w
ebsit
e at
ww
w.u
ky.e
du/A
g/Fo
rage
.3
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.4
Num
ber o
f yea
rs o
f dat
a.
higher yields, quality, and long stand life. It produces an open, bunch-type sod, making it very compatible with alfalfa or red clover as a pasture and hay crop or as habitat for wildlife. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) is a productive, well-adapted, persistent, soil-conserving, cool-season grass that is grown on approximately 5.5 million acres in Kentucky. This grass, used for both hay and pasture, is the forage base for most of Kentucky’s livestock enterprises, particularly beef cattle. The predominant variety, KY31, was developed in Kentucky for long-term persistence but contains a fungal endophyte that produces alkaloids detrimental to livestock production and reproductive health. Endophyte-free tall fescue varieties produce no detrimental alkaloids, but UK research shows that they are less persistent than KY31. New novel endophyte tall fescue varieties contain safe endophytes, which enhance stand persistence but cause no detrimen-tal animal symptoms. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) are high-quality, productive, cool-season grasses used in Kentucky. Both have exceptionally high seedling vigor and are highly palatable to livestock. Annual ryegrasses are increasing in use across Kentucky as more winter-hardy variet-ies are released and promoted. Annual ryegrass is productive for six to eight months when planted early fall (late August/September) and is used primar-ily for late fall and early to late spring pasture. Perennial ryegrass can be used as a short-lived hay or pasture plant and has growth characteristics similar to tall fescue. It is less persistent than other cool-season grass species. There are both diploid (two sets of chromosomes) and tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes) varieties of perennial ryegrass. Tetra-ploids have larger tillers and seedheads and wider leaves. Tetraploid types tend to be taller and less dense than diploid types, even in early stages of regrowth. Diploid types produce more tillers, have better stand persistence, and are typically more tolerant to heavy grazing.
4
Tabl
e 3.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y al
falfa
yie
ld tr
ials
200
0-20
15 (y
ield
show
n as
a p
erce
ntag
e of
the
mea
n of
the
com
mer
cial
var
ietie
s in
the
test
). (R
R de
sign
ates
Rou
ndup
Rea
dy v
arie
ties)
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Varie
ty C
hara
cter
istic
s1Le
ton
Prin
ceto
nBo
wlin
g G
reen
2Ed
en
Shal
eM
ean7
(# tr
ials
)FD
Dis
ease
Res
ista
nce3
004,
502
0406
0811
1212
601
0508
0911
116
0306
03Bw
FwAn
PRR
APH
5yr8
5yr
5yr
7yr
6yr
4yr
3yr
3yr
4yr
5yr
5yr
6yr
4yr
5yr
3yr
4yr
4yr
A-44
40Pr
oduc
ers C
hoic
e4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
099
100(
2)A
5225
Prod
ucer
s Cho
ice
5HR
HRHR
HRR
104
107
106(
2)AC
Lon
gvie
wN
ewfie
ld S
eeds
–HR
––
––
83–
Adre
nalin
Bret
t You
ng S
eeds
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
104
–Al
fagr
aze3
00 R
RAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
3HR
RHR
HRHR
9310
094
96(3
)Am
erist
and
403T
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa3
HRHR
HRHR
HR99
9110
197
9710
010
110
799
(8)
Amer
istan
d 40
3T P
lus
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa4
HRHR
HRHR
HR94
–Am
erist
and
405T
RR
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa4
HRHR
HRHR
HR98
9498
97(3
)Am
erist
and
407T
QAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
103
104
104(
2)Am
erist
and
433T
RR
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa3
HRR
RHR
HR96
–Am
erist
and
445T
Q R
RAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
101
–An
chor
mat
ePr
oSee
d M
arke
ting
––
––
––
100
–Ap
haTr
on R
RCr
opla
n Ge
netic
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
0–
Arc
(cer
tified
)Pu
blic
4LR
MR
HR–
–91
9676
9393
9995
8698
92(9
)Ar
cher
III
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
6–
Bara
lfa 5
3HR
Bare
nbru
g US
A5
HRR
HRHR
HR10
4–
Buffa
loPu
blic
––
––
––
9082
8680
8895
7887
8195
86(1
0)Bu
lldog
-505
Univ
. of G
A5
–HR
–R
–10
396
100(
2)Ca
liber
Beck
’s H
ybrid
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
099
100(
2)Ch
arge
rBe
ck’s
Hyb
rids
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
106
–Co
nsist
ency
4.1
0 RR
Crop
lan
Gene
tics
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
9910
610
110
2(3)
DK
140
Mon
sant
o4
HRHR
HRHR
HR95
100
98(2
)D
KA-4
1-18
RR
Mon
sant
o4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
699
9710
010
1(4)
DKA
43-
13M
onsa
nto
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
102
–D
KA 4
4-16
RR
Mon
sant
o4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
3–
DKA
50-
18M
onsa
nto
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
110
–D
G421
0Cr
op P
rodu
ctio
n4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
1–
Dyn
agro
Eve
rlast
Unite
d Ag
r. Pr
od.
4HR
HRHR
HRR
101
101
101(
2)En
forc
erFF
R/So
. Sta
tes.
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
9082
86(2
)Es
cala
deAl
lied
Seed
s5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
6–
Ever
mor
eFF
R/So
. Sta
tes.
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
9810
510
110
310
2(4)
Expe
ditio
nN
EXGR
OW
5HR
HRR
RRR
107
112
9610
5(3)
Feas
t +EV
NEX
GRO
W3
HRHR
HRR
HR10
610
196
101(
3)FS
G 40
6Al
lied
Seed
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR11
0–
FSG
408D
PAl
lied
Seed
s4
HRHR
HRHR
R10
511
010
8(2)
FSG
505
Allie
d Se
eds
5HR
HRHR
HRR
106
108
107(
2)FS
G 52
8SF
Lew
is Se
ed C
o.5
HRR
HRHR
R10
7–
Gene
vaN
EXGR
OW
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
106
103
104
104(
3)Ge
noa
NEX
GRO
W4
HRHR
HRRR
HR11
299
9811
810
7(4)
GH 7
44N
EXGR
OW
4HR
HRHR
HRM
R10
4–
Gunn
erCr
opla
n Ge
netic
s5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
3–
Inte
grity
PGI A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
101
–Ki
ngFi
sher
243
Cal/W
est
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
98–
King
fishe
r 402
0Le
gacy
See
ds4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
2–
L447
HDLe
gacy
See
ds4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
5–
L449
Aph2
Lega
cy S
eeds
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
97–
Lanc
erAl
lied
Seed
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
1–
Lege
nDai
ry 5
.0Cr
opla
n Ge
netic
s3
HRHR
HRHR
HR99
103
110
104(
3)M
arin
er II
IAl
lied
Seed
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR99
–M
ount
aine
er 2
.0Cr
opla
n Ge
n.5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
8–
PerF
orm
Dai
ryla
nd R
esea
rch
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
106
–PG
I 459
Prod
ucer
s Cho
ice
4HR
HRHR
HRR
102
–Ph
irst
UniS
outh
Gen
etic
s4
HRHR
HRHR
R10
510
210
4(2)
continued
5
Tabl
e 3.
continued
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Varie
ty C
hara
cter
istic
s1Le
ton
Prin
ceto
nBo
wlin
g G
reen
2Ed
en
Shal
eM
ean7
(# tr
ials
)FD
Dis
ease
Res
ista
nce3
004,
502
0406
0811
1212
601
0508
0911
116
0306
03Bw
FwAn
PRR
APH
5yr8
5yr
5yr
7yr
6yr
4yr
3yr
3yr
4yr
5yr
5yr
6yr
4yr
5yr
3yr
4yr
4yr
Phoe
nix
FFR/
So. S
tate
s.5
HRHR
HRHR
R11
399
102
106
101
9496
102(
7)Ra
dian
ce H
DAm
pac
Seed
/Cisc
o4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
310
510
310
4(3)
Radi
ant-A
MAm
pac
Seed
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
97–
Rebo
und
5.0
Crop
lan
Gene
tics
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
103
103
108
104(
3)Re
boun
d 6.
0Cr
opla
n Ge
netic
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
410
110
3(2)
Rega
lGr
eat P
lain
s5
HRHR
RHR
MR
103
9499
(2)
Rew
ard
IIPG
I Alfa
lfa4
HRHR
RHR
R99
103
9410
310
0(4)
Sara
nac
AR (c
ertifi
ed)
Publ
ic4
MR
RHR
LR–
9387
7785
8695
9792
9588
9282
9989
9590
(15)
Stra
tica
RRCr
opla
n Ge
netic
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
2–
Sum
mer
Gol
dBe
ck’s
Hyb
rids
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
107
–Tr
iple
Trus
t 450
ABI A
lfalfa
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
100
105
103(
2)Tr
iple
Trus
t 500
Cent
ral F
arm
Sup
ply
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
106
–To
nnic
a RR
Crop
Gen
etic
s5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
7–
USG
681H
YUn
iSou
th G
enet
ics
6HR
HRHR
HR–
113
–Ve
rnal
Publ
ic2
RM
R–
––
9395
94(2
)W
ithst
and
FFR/
So. S
tate
s.4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
090
9610
087
114
98(6
)W
L 31
9HQ
W-L
Res
earc
h3
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
8–
WL
327
W-L
Res
earc
h4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
5–
WL
338S
RW
-L R
esea
rch
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
101
–W
L 34
3HQ
W-L
Res
earc
h4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
111
010
010
4(3)
WL
348A
PW
-L R
esea
rch
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
99–
WL
354H
QW
-L R
esea
rch
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
115
–W
L 35
5 RR
W-L
Res
earc
h4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
399
100
102
101(
4)W
L 35
6HQ
RR
W-L
Res
earc
h5
HRHR
HRHR
HR95
–W
L 35
7HQ
W-L
Res
earc
h5
HRHR
HRHR
HR12
310
610
110
610
9(4)
WL
363H
QW
-L R
esea
rch
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
105
102
105
104(
3)W
L 37
2HQ
RR
W-L
Res
earc
h5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
4–
4m76
FFR/
Sou.
St.
4.7
HRHR
RHR
R11
6–
4030
Bret
t You
ng S
eeds
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
102
–5-
star
Crop
lan
Gen.
5R
HRR
RR
9799
98(2
)53
H92
Pion
eer
3HR
HRHR
HRHR
97–
54R0
2 RR
Pion
eer
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
9810
510
510
3(3)
54Q
32Pi
onee
r4
HRHR
HRHR
HR97
–54
V46
Pion
eer
4R
HRHR
HRR
99–
55V4
8Pi
onee
r5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
4–
55V5
0Pi
onee
r5
HRR
Hr
HRHR
109
–54
V54
Pion
eer
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
9894
105
99(3
)54
V56
Pion
eer
––
––
––
98–
6400
HTN
EXGR
OW
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
108
9610
2(2)
6415
NEX
GRO
W4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
310
510
4(2)
6417
NEX
GRO
W4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
5–
6420
NEX
GRO
W4
HRR
HRR
HR10
6–
6422
QN
EXGR
OW
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
110
102
106(
2)65
16R
RRN
EXGR
OW
5HR
–HR
HRHR
106
–65
30N
EXGR
OW
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
92–
6552
NEX
GRO
W5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
5–
1 Va
riety
cha
ract
erist
ics:
FD=f
all d
orm
ancy
, Bw
=bac
teria
l wilt
, Fw
=fus
ariu
m w
ilt, A
n=an
thra
cnos
e, P
RR=p
hyto
phth
ora
root
rot,
APH-
apha
nom
yces
root
rot.
Info
rmat
ion
prov
ided
by
seed
com
pani
es.
2 Th
e Bo
wlin
g Gr
een
test
is o
n so
il in
fest
ed w
ith p
hyto
phth
ora
and
apha
nom
yces
root
rots
.3
Dise
ase
resis
tanc
e: S
=sus
cept
ible
, LR=
low
resis
tanc
e, M
R=m
oder
ate
resis
tanc
e, R
=res
istan
ce, H
R=hi
gh re
sista
nce.
4 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d.5
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
fora
ge y
ield
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual y
ield
s, lo
ok in
the
year
ly re
port
for t
he fi
nal
year
of e
ach
spec
ific
test
. For
exa
mpl
e, th
e Le
ton
tria
l pla
nted
in 2
008
was
har
vest
ed fo
r six
yea
rs, s
o th
e fin
al y
ield
repo
rt w
ould
be “
2013
Alfa
lfa R
epor
t” ar
chiv
ed in
the
KY F
orag
e w
ebsit
e at
ww
w.u
ky.e
du/A
g/Fo
rage
.6
This
is a
Roun
dup
Read
y al
falfa
tria
l.7
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.8
Num
ber o
f yea
rs o
f dat
a.
6
Tabl
e 4.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y ta
ll fe
scue
yie
ld tr
ials
200
0-20
15 (y
ield
show
n as
a p
erce
ntag
e of
the
mea
n of
the
com
mer
cial
var
ietie
s in
the
tria
l).
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Qui
cksa
ndM
ean3
(#tr
ials
)01
1,2
0305
0709
1112
1300
0204
0608
1012
0103
0513
3-yr
42-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr2-
yr2-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr2-
yr2-
yr4-
yr2-
yrAt
las S
elec
tPr
oSee
ds M
arke
ting
95–
April
iaPr
oSee
ds M
arke
ting
93–
BarE
lite
Bare
nbru
g US
A96
100
9295
(3)
Baria
neBa
renb
rug
USA
8799
9594
(3)
Baro
lex
Bare
nbru
g US
A90
–Ba
rOpt
ima
PLUS
E34
5Ba
renb
rug
USA
122
9910
710
810
599
100
9410
4(8)
Bron
son
Ampa
c Se
ed88
9710
510
299
9610
191
102
98(9
)Bu
llIm
prov
ed F
orag
es98
102
100
102
104
9997
9610
0(8)
Caju
n II
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es97
100
101
8495
(4)
Carm
ine
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l99
9798
(2)
Cow
girl
Rose
-Agr
iSee
ds94
102
100
9899
(4)
Dur
aMax
GO
LD5
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l10
210
610
4(2)
Enha
nce
Allie
d Se
ed93
107
100(
2)Es
tanc
ia A
rkSh
ield
5M
ount
ain
View
See
ds10
210
610
110
210
3(4)
Fest
ival
Pick
seed
Wes
t10
710
210
710
5(3)
Flou
rish
Allie
d Se
ed92
101
97(2
)Go
liath
Ampa
c Se
ed10
010
399
101(
3)Ho
edow
nD
LF In
tern
atio
nal
104
106
105(
2)H
yMar
kFr
aser
See
ds91
102
97(2
)Je
sup
EFPe
nnin
gton
See
d98
105
103
100
102(
4)Je
sup
Max
Q5
Penn
ingt
on S
eed
9810
111
010
310
097
9495
100
9810
010
210
210
0(13
)Jo
hnst
one
ProS
eeds
Mar
ketin
g10
8–
KEN
HYKY
Agr
ic E
xp S
ta.
89–
Kent
ucky
32
Ore
gro
Seed
s93
9498
9410
196
(5)
Koka
nee
Ampa
c Se
ed89
8688
(2)
KY31
+5KY
Agr
ic E
xp S
ta.
118
112
108
102
102
9395
104
108
104
104
9311
210
112
498
110
108
105(
18)
Lace
field
Max
Q II
5Pe
nnin
gton
See
d10
996
101
106
114
105(
5)M
axim
ize
Turf
-See
d95
9397
(4)
Mar
tin2
6475
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l10
4–
Nan
ryo
Jap.
Gra
ssla
nd F
orag
eSee
d/
USDA
-ARS
, El R
eno,
OK
96–
Nor
iaPr
oSee
ds M
arke
ting
98–
RAD
-ERF
50Ra
dix
Rese
arch
, Inc
.11
3–
Reso
lute
Ampa
c Se
ed90
6578
(2)
Savo
ryD
LF In
tern
atio
nal
91–
Sein
eAd
vant
a Se
eds
96–
Sele
ctFF
R/So
u. S
t.10
694
9999
9890
100
100
105
9710
510
210
599
100
112
102
9110
310
0(19
)St
ockm
anSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R10
810
197
105
103(
4)Te
ton
IIM
ount
ain
View
See
ds10
710
599
103(
3)Te
xom
a M
axQ
II5
Penn
ingt
on S
eed
95–
TF02
03G
Seed
Res
earc
h of
OR
87–
Tow
er 6
475
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l98
–Tu
scan
yFo
rage
Gen
etic
s11
2–
Tusc
any
IISe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R97
9810
610
0(3)
5CAN
Bret
t You
ng86
–1
Year
tria
l was
est
ablis
hed.
2 Us
e th
is su
mm
ary
tabl
e as
a g
uide
in m
akin
g va
riety
dec
ision
s, bu
t ref
er to
spec
ific
year
ly re
port
s to
dete
rmin
e st
atist
ical
diff
eren
ces i
n fo
rage
yie
ld b
etw
een
varie
ties.
To fi
nd a
ctua
l yie
lds,
look
in th
e ye
arly
repo
rt
for t
he fi
nal y
ear o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c tr
ial.
For e
xam
ple,
the
Lexi
ngto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
201
2 w
as h
arve
sted
two
year
s, so
the
final
repo
rt w
ould
be “
2015
Tall
Fesc
ue R
epor
t” ar
chiv
ed in
the
KY F
orag
e w
ebsit
e at
ww
w.u
ky.
edu/
Ag/F
orag
e.3
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.4
Num
ber o
f yea
rs o
f dat
a.5
KY31
+ co
ntai
ns th
e to
xic
endo
phyt
e. Je
sup
Max
Q, Te
xom
a M
axQ
II, L
acefi
eld
Max
Q II
, Dur
aMax
GO
LD, M
artin
2 64
7, To
wer
647
and
Est
anci
a Ar
kshi
eld
cont
ain
a co
ntai
n a
non-
toxi
c en
doph
yte.
Bar
Opt
ima
PLUS
E34
co
ntai
ns a
ben
efici
al e
ndop
hyte
. The
oth
er fe
scue
var
ietie
s in
this
tabl
e do
not
cont
ain
an e
ndop
hyte
.
7
Tabl
e 5.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y or
char
dgra
ss y
ield
tria
ls 2
002-
2015
(yie
ld sh
own
as a
per
cent
age
of th
e m
ean
of th
e co
mm
erci
al v
arie
ties i
n th
e tr
ial).
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Qui
cksa
ndM
ean3
(#tr
ials
)20
031,
220
0620
0720
0920
1120
1220
1320
0220
0420
0620
0820
1020
1220
0320
0520
1020
133-
yr4
4-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
2-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
4-yr
3-yr
2-yr
Aber
top
Penn
ingt
on71
–Am
bass
ador
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l See
ds95
–Am
bros
iaAm
eric
an G
rass
See
d Pr
od.
90–
Benc
hmar
kFF
R/So
u. S
t.11
3–
Benc
hmar
k Pl
usFF
R/So
u. S
t.10
010
810
510
697
103
107
107
104
102
107
107
102
9410
310
3(15
)Bo
unty
Allie
d Se
ed10
198
100(
2)Ce
ntur
ySe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
rego
n98
104
101(
2)Ch
eckm
ate
Seed
Res
earc
h of
Ore
gon
102
117
106
108(
3)Ch
risto
ssPr
osee
ds M
arke
ting
92–
Com
man
dSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
rego
n87
–Cr
own
Don
ley
Seed
9710
110
510
1(3)
Crow
n Ro
yale
Plu
sD
onle
y Se
ed10
897
103(
2)El
iseRo
se-A
griS
eed
8698
9894
(3)
Endu
ranc
eD
LF In
tern
atio
nal S
eeds
104
–Ex
tend
Allie
d Se
ed10
710
010
510
810
5(4)
Hallm
ark
Jam
es V
anLe
euw
en10
210
398
9610
0(4)
Harv
esta
rCo
lum
bia
Seed
s91
9793
106
100
9899
(6)
Haym
aste
rFF
R/So
u. S
t.94
102
9798
(3)
Haym
ate
FFR/
Sou.
St.
106
103
105(
2)Ic
onSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
rego
n10
598
102(
2)In
tens
ivBa
renb
rug
102
–La
zuly
Pros
eeds
Mar
ketin
g97
–LG
-31
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l See
ds92
–M
egab
iteTu
rf-S
eed
106
–N
iva
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l See
ds81
–Pa
iute
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l See
ds10
8–
Pers
istSm
ith S
eed
123
105
106
107
112
106
101
101
105
102
108
101
102
9810
6(14
)Po
tom
acPu
blic
103
9697
102
9810
810
198
9411
510
0(10
)Pr
airie
Turn
er S
eed
107
101
109
106
113
125
104
100
104
9910
410
510
712
010
410
7(15
)Pr
odig
yCa
udill
See
d10
199
9910
310
194
100(
6)Pr
ofit
Ampa
c Se
ed10
796
9810
394
103
102
102
115
100
102(
10)
RAD
-LCF
25
Radi
x Re
sear
ch99
102
101(
2)Sh
awne
eRo
se-A
griS
eed
86–
Shilo
h II
Pros
eeds
Mar
ketin
g11
7–
Take
naSm
ith S
eed
100
–Te
kena
IISm
ith S
eed
110
102
109
106
104
106(
5)Te
kapo
Ampa
c Se
ed91
8182
7882
8198
8692
8210
591
8188
87(1
4)Tu
cker
Ore
gro
Seed
s96
9610
296
8595
(5)
Udde
rIm
prov
ed F
orag
es10
010
710
210
699
103(
5)Va
illia
ntPr
osee
ds M
arke
ting
96–
Visio
nCr
opm
ark
Seed
s63
6765
(2)
1 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d.2
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
fora
ge y
ield
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual y
ield
s, lo
ok in
the
year
ly
repo
rt fo
r the
fina
l yea
r of e
ach
spec
ific
tria
l. Fo
r exa
mpl
e, th
e Le
ton
tria
l pla
nted
in 2
012
was
har
vest
ed th
ree
year
s, so
the
final
repo
rt w
ould
be “
2015
Orc
hard
gras
s Rep
ort”
arch
ived
in th
e KY
For
age
web
site
at w
ww
.uky
.edu
/Ag/
Fora
ge.
3 M
ean
only
pre
sent
ed w
hen
resp
ectiv
e va
riety
was
incl
uded
in tw
o or
mor
e tr
ials.
4 N
umbe
r of y
ears
of d
ata.
8
Tabl
e 6.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y an
nual
ryeg
rass
yie
ld tr
ials
200
0-20
15 (y
ield
show
n as
a p
erce
ntag
e of
the
yiel
d va
lue
of M
arsh
all).
Varie
tyTy
pePr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
n1Pr
ince
ton
Bow
ling
Gre
enM
ean4
(#tr
ials
)03
2,3
0405
0607
0809
1010
1111
1212
1314
0002
0003
Abun
dant
tetr
aplo
idAm
pac
Seed
12–
Acro
bat
–Pr
osee
ds M
arke
ting
144
–AE
110
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idPi
ckse
ed U
SA, I
nc.
8910
095
(2)
Amp
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idCo
lum
bia
Seed
s76
–An
dyW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l97
–As
sist
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Sadd
leBu
tte
90–
Atta
inW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es11
153
6990
(2)
Avan
ceW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dD
LF In
tern
atio
nal
107
–Ba
rext
raIta
lian
tetr
aplo
idBa
renb
rug
USA
121
–Ba
rmul
tra
IIIta
lian
tetr
aplo
idBa
renb
rug
USA
133
103
9911
8(2)
Big
Bang
–Br
ett Y
oung
67–
Big
Boss
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idSm
ith S
eed
Serv
ices
9886
3873
86(3
)Bi
g D
addy
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idFF
R/So
u. S
t.86
9882
8887
9189
(6)
Bill
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es62
–Br
angu
sIta
lian
dipl
oid
KB S
eedS
olut
ions
94–
Brui
ser
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Ampa
c Se
ed65
105
100
104
8610
010
594
(6)
Com
mon
–Pu
blic
8387
8482
84(4
)Ce
ntur
ion
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Mou
ntai
n Vi
ew S
eeds
9713
211
5(2)
DH-
3Ita
lian
tetr
aplo
idAl
lied
Seed
9127
8969
(3)
Dia
mon
d T
Italia
n te
trap
loid
Ore
gro
Seed
s8
–D
ixie
Gol
dW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
Caud
ill S
eed
20–
Dom
ino
Italia
n te
trap
loid
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l12
0–
Dyn
a-Ga
inW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dCo
lum
bia
Seed
s72
–Ed
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es96
102
100
98(2
)Fa
ntas
ticW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dAm
pac
Seed
4884
8885
86(3
)Fe
ast I
IIta
lian
tetr
aplo
idAm
pac
Seed
3511
310
981
9371
5356
127
86(8
)Fl
ying
AW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dO
regr
o Se
eds
3959
–Fo
xIta
lian
dipl
oid
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l10
9–
Fria
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Allie
d Se
ed95
8789
103
8188
(4)
GR-A
S10
Italia
nAm
pac
Seed
113
–continued Timothy (Phleum pratense) is the
fourth most widely sown cool-season perennial grass used in Kentucky for forage after tall fescue, orchardgrass, and Kentucky bluegrass. Timothy is primarily harvested as hay, particularly for horses. In Kentucky, timothy behaves like a short-lived perennial, with stands usually lasting two years. Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) is a high-quality, highly palatable, long-lived pasture plant with limited use for hay. It tolerates close, frequent grazing better than most grasses. It has low yields and low summer production and becomes dormant and brown during hot, dry sum-mers. Kentucky bluegrass is best suited for pastures where a dense sod is more important than high-forage production (e.g., horse pastures). Festuloliums are hybrids between vari-ous fescues and ryegrasses with higher quality than tall fescue and improved stand survival over perennial ryegrass. Their use in Kentucky is limited because they do not survive as long as tall fescue. Newer varieties show promise where high quality and yield are more impor-tant than long term persistence. Sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor ssp. drummondi) is a rapidly growing annual grass in the sorghum family. It is medium yielding and well suited for grazing or hay because of its smaller stem size. Su-dangrass regrows quickly after harvest and can be grazed several times during summer and early fall. Sorghum-sudangrass hybrids are more vigorous and slightly higher yielding than sudangrass. A larger stem size makes these hybrids less useful for hay; there-fore, they are commonly used for baleage and grazing.BMR (Brown Mid-rib) sudangrass and BMR sorghum-sudangrass varieties have been developed. See tables 11 and 12 for information. Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is the most widely grown type of millet. It is well adapted to production systems characterized by drought, low soil fertil-ity, and high temperature. It is higher yielding than foxtail millet and regrows rapidly after harvest if an 8- to 10-inch stubble height is left. Dwarf varieties, which are leafier and better suited for grazing, are available.
9
Tabl
e 6.
continued
Varie
tyTy
pePr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
n1Pr
ince
ton
Bow
ling
Gre
enM
ean4
(#tr
ials
)03
2,3
0405
0607
0809
1010
1111
1212
1314
0002
0003
Graz
e-N
-Gro
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Seed
Res
earc
h of
OR
114
6710
094
(3)
Gree
n Fa
rmW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dSm
ith S
eed
Serv
ices
85–
Gulf
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Publ
ic67
2687
7876
7227
6979
7976
71(1
0)He
rcul
esW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
Bare
nbru
g US
A91
7410
810
0(2)
HS-1
Italia
n di
ploi
dKB
See
dSol
utio
ns72
–Ja
ckso
nW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dTh
e W
ax C
o.66
100
6210
359
101
9910
610
691
9177
7010
090
9091
(14)
Jum
boW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
Bare
nbru
g US
A11
297
105(
2)KB
Roy
alIta
lian
dipl
oid
KB S
eedS
olut
ions
83–
Kosp
eed
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es80
–Ko
win
early
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es95
–LH
T-10
2In
term
edia
teAm
pac
Seed
100
–M
arsh
all
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
The
Wax
Co.
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100(
17)
Max
imo
Inte
rmed
iate
tetr
aplo
idPi
ckse
ed U
SA, I
nc.
101
–M
eroa
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es93
–M
X 10
8W
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
Pick
seed
USA
, Inc
.95
114
105(
2)N
elso
nW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
The
Wax
Co.
8688
9365
7786
(4)
Pass
erel
Plu
sW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dPe
nnin
gton
See
d10
3–
Prim
ecut
Wes
terw
old
bran
dO
regr
o Se
eds
94–
Rio
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
–98
9990
96(3
)Sp
ark
tetr
aplo
idD
LF In
tern
atio
nal
73–
Stoc
kaid
dipl
oid
–82
–St
riker
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R90
–TA
MTB
OIta
lian
tetr
aplo
idTe
x. A
g Ex
p St
a.47
101
108
9579
86(5
)Ta
m 9
0Ita
lian
dipl
oid
Tex.
Ag
Exp
Sta.
4978
8872
(3)
Tetr
aPrim
eIta
lian
tetr
aplo
idM
ount
ain
View
See
ds10
196
99(2
)Te
traP
roIta
lian
tetr
aplo
idTe
x. A
g Ex
p St
a.40
–Ti
llage
Root
Max
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Cove
r Cro
p So
lutio
ns82
9086
(2)
Tilla
geM
ax-B
risto
l5W
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dCo
ver C
rop
Solu
tions
9091
91(2
)Ti
llage
Max
-INDY
5W
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dCo
ver C
rop
Solu
tions
8990
90(2
)T-
Rex
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idSa
ddle
Butt
e11
–Ve
rdur
eW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es86
4358
72(2
)W
inte
rhaw
kW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dO
regr
o Se
eds
104
117
9211
910
8(4)
Win
ter S
tar
Italia
n te
trap
loid
Ampa
c Se
ed99
–Zo
rroIta
lian
tetr
aplo
idD
LF In
tern
atio
nal
132
134
104
123(
3)1
In a
nnua
l rye
gras
s, lo
w y
ield
ing
varie
ties u
sual
ly re
sult
from
win
terk
ill. N
ote:
Due
to se
vere
win
terk
ill, y
ield
resu
lts fr
om th
e 20
06 a
nd 2
013
plan
tings
wer
e no
t inc
lude
d in
the
over
all m
ean.
2
Year
tria
l was
est
ablis
hed.
3 Us
e th
is su
mm
ary
tabl
e as
a g
uide
in m
akin
g va
riety
dec
ision
s, bu
t ref
er to
spec
ific
year
ly re
port
s to
dete
rmin
e st
atist
ical
diff
eren
ces i
n fo
rage
yie
ld b
etw
een
varie
ties.
To fi
nd a
ctua
l yie
lds,
look
in th
e ye
arly
repo
rt fo
r the
fina
l ye
ar o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c tr
ial.
For e
xam
ple,
the
Lexi
ngto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
201
4 w
as h
arve
sted
one
yea
r, so
the
final
repo
rt w
ould
be “
2015
Ann
ual a
nd P
eren
nial
Rye
gras
s and
Fes
tulo
lium
Rep
ort”
arch
ived
in th
e KY
For
age
web
site
at w
ww
.uky
.edu
/Ag/
Fora
ge.
4 M
ean
only
pre
sent
ed w
hen
resp
ectiv
e va
riety
was
incl
uded
in tw
o or
mor
e tr
ials.
5 Th
ese
are
Tilla
geRo
otM
ax th
at in
clud
ed c
rimso
n cl
over
and
/or t
illag
e ra
dish
.
10
Table 7. Summary of Kentucky Timothy Yield Trials 2000-2015 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
Variety Proprietor/KY Distributor
Lexington Quicksand PrincetonMean3
(#trials)001,2 01 02 06 07 08 09 11 12 13 99 01 00 042yr4 3yr 4yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 2yr 2yr 2yr 3yr 2yr
Alma Newfield Seeds Co/Caudill Seed Co.
81 –
Auroro General Feed and Grain 100 98 99(2)Barfleo Barenbrug USA 95 91 101 96(3)Barpenta Barenbrug USA 74 82 82 79(3)Clair Ky Agric. Exp. Station 109 115 107 95 108 104 112 99 103 108 122 107(11)Classic Cebeco International Seeds 100 88 87 92(3)Climax Canada Agr. Res. Station 79 102 105 98 102 100 85 96(7)Colt FFR Cooperative 105 101 90 112 99 101(5)Common Public 96 –Comtral Caudill Seed 92 96 94(2)Derby FFR Cooperative 112 111 106 112 108 112 124 112(7)Dolina DLF International 100 91 96(2)Express Seed Research of Oregon 97 91 97 95 95(4)Hokuei Snow Brand Seed 103 –Hokusei Snow Brand Seed 97 99 98(2)Joliette Newfield Seeds Co/Caudill
Seed Co.87 89 90 89(3)
Jonaton Newfield Seeds Co/Caudill Seed Co.
84 –
Outlaw Grassland West Company 107 –Richmond Pickseed Canada Inc. 100 103 102(2)Summergraze Brett Young 96 –Summit Allied Seed, L.L.C. 114 –Talon Seed Research of Oregon 110 112 108 106 109 109(5)Treasure Seed Research of Oregon 103 115 103 101 108 106(5)Tundra DLF International 95 –Tuukka Ampac Seed Company 95 90 92 93 93(4)Zenyatta DLF International 107 –
1 Year trial was established.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in forage yield between varieties.
To find actual yields, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific trial. For example, the Lexington trial planted in 2012 was harvested three years, so the final report would be “2015 Timothy and Kentucky Bluegrass Report” archived in the KY Forage website at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage.
3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 Number of years of data.
Table 8. Summary of Kentucky Bluegrass Yield Trials at Lexington 1996-2015 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
VarietyProprietor/KY Distributor
961,2 03 04 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Mean3
(#trials)3yr4 2yr 3yr 4yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 2yrAdam 1 Radix Research 98 –Barderby Barenbrug USA 94 101 91 98 87 104 96(6)Big Blue Rose-AgriSeed 82 95 89(2)Common Public 71 66 68 68(3)Ginger ProSeeds Marketing 89 118 119 114 118 112 107 110 104 110(9)Kenblue Public 90 102 133 96 95 118 95 104(7)Lato Turf Seed Inc. 110 122 116(2)Park (certified) Public 90 98 94(2)RAD-5 Radix Research 103 –RAD-339 Radix Research 101 –RAD-643 Radix Research 94 –RAD-731zx Radix Research 87 –RAD-762 Radix Research 94 –RAD-1039 Radix Research 118 –Slezanka DLF International Seeds 111 –
1 Year trial was established.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in forage yield between varieties.
To find actual yields, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific trial. For example, the Lexington trial planted in 2012 was harvested three years, so the final report would be “2015 Timothy and Kentucky Bluegrass Report” archived in the KY Forage website at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage. The 96 and 03 Lexington results are in the appropriate Tall Fescue Reports.
3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 Number of years of data.
11
Teff, also referred to as Summer Loveg-rass (Eragrostis tef ), is a warm-season annual grass native to Ethiopia and has been used as a grain crop for thousands of years. Recently, there has been consider-able interest in teff as a forage crop. It is high quality, palatable, and fine stemmed and therefore makes excellent hay.
Important Selection Considerations Local adaptation and seasonal yield. Choose a variety/species that is adapted to your region of Kentucky, as indicated by good performance across years and locations in replicated yield trials. Also, look for varieties that are productive in the desired season of use. For manage-ment recommendations, check with your county Extension agent or see the forage website at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage. The following comprehensive bul-letins may be especially useful:
y Grain and Forage Crop Guide for Ken-tucky (AGR-18)
y Establishing Forage Crops (AGR-64) y Rotational Grazing (ID-143) y Extending Grazing and Reducing
Stored Feed Needs (AGR-199) y Forage Identification and Use Guide
(AGR-175) y Lime and Fertilizer Recommendations
(AGR-1) Seed quality. Buy premium-quality seed that is high in germination and purity and free from weed seed. Buy certified seed or proprietary seed of an improved variety. An improved variety is one that has performed well in inde-pendent trials. Other information on the label will include the test date (which must be within the past nine months), the level of germination, and the amount of other crop and weed seed. Order seed well in advance of planting time to assure that it will be available when needed.
Description of the Tests Yield trials. Plots were seeded at the recommended seeding rate per acre and were planted into a prepared seedbed with a disk drill. Plots were 5 feet by 15 feet in a randomized complete block
design with four replications. Grass plots were typically fertilized with 60 pounds of actual N per acre in March, after the first cutting, and again in late summer for a total of 180 pounds per acre per season. Other fertilizers (lime, P, and K) were applied as needed according to the University of Kentucky soil test recom-mendations. The tests were harvested us-ing a sickle-type forage plot harvester to simulate a spring cut hay/summer graz-ing/fall stockpile management system. Fresh weight samples were taken at each harvest to calculate percent dry matter production. Management practices for establishment, fertility, weed control, and harvest timing were in accordance with University of Kentucky recommenda-tions. Grazing trials. Plots were 5 feet by 15 feet in a randomized complete block design, with each variety replicated six times. Plots were seeded at the recom-mended seeding rate per acre and were planted into a prepared seedbed using a disk drill. Grazing was continuous from April to October. Plots were grazed down to below 4 inches quickly and were maintained at 2 to 4 inches (sometimes less) for the remainder of the grazing season. Supplemental hay was fed during periods of slowest growth. Visual ratings of per-cent stand were made in the fall several weeks after the cattle were removed to check stand survival after the grazing season and in the spring prior to grazing to check on winter survival and spring growth. Because trials were seeded in rows, persistence ratings were based on density within a row and not total ground cover. Grass plots were fertilized with 60 pounds of actual N per acre in the spring and 30 to 40 pounds of actual N in early November after cattle or horses were re-moved from the pasture. Other fertilizers (lime, P, and K) were applied as needed according to the University of Kentucky soil test recommendations. Management practices for establishment, fertility, and weed control were in accordance with University of Kentucky recommenda-tions.
Results and Discussion These tables summarize long-term yield and stand persistence data of com-mercial varieties that have been entered in the University of Kentucky trials. The data are listed as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties entered in each specific trial. In other words, the mean for each trial is 100 percent; vari-eties with percentages over 100 yielded better than average, and varieties with percentages less than 100 yielded lower than average. For the grazing trials, vari-eties with percentages over 100 persisted better than average, and varieties with percentages less than 100 persisted less than average. Also in the grazing trials, the alfalfa varieties were compared to Alfagraze, and the fescue varieties were compared to KY31+ instead of the mean of all the commercial varieties. In the horse grazing trials, the fescue varieties were compared to KY31- instead of the mean of all the commercial varieties. Direct, statistical comparisons of variet-ies cannot be made using the summary tables, but these comparisons do help to identify varieties for further consid-eration. Varieties that have performed better than average over many years and at several locations have very stable performance; others may have performed very well in wet years or on particular soil types. These details may influence variety choice, and the information can be found in the yearly reports. To deter-mine to which yearly report to refer, see the footnote in each table.
Summary Selecting a good forage variety is an important first step in establishing a productive stand of forage. Proper management, beginning with seedbed preparation and continuing throughout the life of the stand, is necessary for even the highest-yielding variety to produce to its genetic potential. For more detailed information on yield and grazing toler-ance within species, go to individual 2015 reports on the forage Web site. See below for specific reports. The forage Web site contains all reports from 2001 through 2015.
12
Tabl
e 9.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y pe
renn
ial r
yegr
ass y
ield
tria
ls 1
999-
2015
(yie
ld sh
own
as a
per
cent
age
of th
e m
ean
of th
e co
mm
erci
al v
arie
ties i
n th
e tr
ial).
Varie
tyTy
pePr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Bow
ling
Gre
enM
ean3,
4
(#tr
ials
)99
1,2
0103
0405
0607
0809
1011
1213
0002
0003
2yr5
2yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
2yr
3yr
2yr
2yr
Aire
sdi
ploi
dAm
pac
Seed
9593
94(2
)Am
azon
tetr
aplo
idAg
riBio
Tech
108
9910
710
4(3)
Anac
onda
tetr
aplo
idCa
udill
See
d11
395
103
104(
3)Au
bisq
uete
trap
loid
Seed
Res
earc
h of
OR
144
9912
2(2)
Band
itte
trap
loid
Gras
sland
Wes
t10
611
411
0(2)
Bast
ion
C-2
tetr
aplo
idSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R91
–Be
stfo
rte
trap
loid
Impr
oved
For
ages
113
107
120
113(
3)Be
st fo
r Plu
shy
brid
tetr
aplo
idIm
prov
ed F
orag
es11
610
811
813
612
0(4)
BG-3
4di
ploi
dBa
renb
rug
USA
8385
8687
9086
(5)
Biso
nhy
brid
tetr
aplo
idIn
tern
atio
nal S
eeds
140
–Bo
ost
tetr
aplo
idAl
lied
Seed
130
125
120
143
110
103
109
120(
7)Bo
xer
tetr
aplo
idAg
riBio
Tech
121
106
114(
2)Ca
libra
tetr
aplo
idD
LF In
tern
atio
nal
9610
981
9910
395
112
101(
7)CA
S M
P64
dipl
oid
Casc
ade
Inte
rnat
iona
l97
–Ci
tade
lte
trap
loid
Ag C
anad
a10
194
113
103
103(
4)Cr
ave
tetr
aplo
idAm
pac
Seed
95–
Der
by–
Publ
ic74
–El
ena
DS
tetr
aplo
idAl
lied
Seed
110
–Eu
rost
arte
trap
loid
Seed
Res
earc
h of
OR
112
–Ev
erla
stdi
ploi
dCa
udill
See
d10
0–
Feed
erdi
ploi
dSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R76
–Gr
and
Dad
dyte
trap
loid
Smith
See
d11
810
110
976
9284
8611
197
(8)
Gree
n Go
ldte
trap
loid
Gras
sland
s Ore
gon
96–
Herb
al–
ProS
eeds
Mar
ketin
g77
–Im
pres
sario
tetr
aplo
idD
LF In
tern
atio
nal
107
9210
0(2)
Kent
aur
tetr
aplo
idD
LF In
tern
atio
nal
106
110
108(
2)La
ctal
tetr
aplo
idBr
ett Y
oung
102
–La
sso
dipl
oid
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l98
–continuedYield and Grazing
Tolerance Reports Individual forage species reports can be found at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage/ForageVarietyTrials2.htm.
y 2015 Alfalfa Report (PR-694) y 2015 Red and White Clover Report
(PR-695) y 2015 Orchardgrass Report (PR-696) y 2015 Tall Fescue and Bromegrass Re-
port (PR-697) y 2015 Timothy and Kentucky Bluegrass
Report (PR-698) y 2015 Annual and Perennial Ryegrass
and Festulolium Report (PR-699) y 2015 Alfalfa Grazing Tolerance Report
(PR-700) y 2015 Red and White Clover Grazing
Tolerance Report (PR-701) y 2015 Cool-Season Grass Grazing Toler-
ance Report (PR-702) y 2015 Cool-Season Grass Horse Grazing
Report (PR-703) y 2015 Annual Grass Report: Warm Sea-
son and Cool Season (Cereals) (PR-704) y 2015 Long-Term Summary of Kentucky
Forage Variety Trials (PR-705)
About the Authors G.L. Olson is a research specialist and S.R. Smith is an Extension professor of Forages.
13
Tabl
e 9.
continued
Varie
tyTy
pePr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Bow
ling
Gre
enM
ean3,
4
(#tr
ials
)99
1,2
0103
0405
0607
0809
1011
1213
0002
0003
2yr5
2yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
2yr
3yr
2yr
2yr
LHT-
102
tetr
aplo
idAm
pac
Seed
114
–Li
nndi
ploi
dPu
blic
8798
9810
298
8584
101
9293
8088
8788
7791
(15)
Man
hatt
endi
ploi
dPu
blic
85–
Mar
adi
ploi
dBa
renb
rug
USA
85–
Mat
rixdi
ploi
dCr
opm
ark
seed
s77
64–
Mav
eric
k Go
ldhy
brid
tetr
aplo
idAm
pac
Seed
9771
84(2
)O
rant
asdi
ploi
dD
LF In
tern
atio
nal
82–
Ort
ette
trap
loid
Ore
gro
Seed
s11
4–
PayD
ayte
trap
loid
Mou
ntai
n Vi
ew S
eeds
101
106
104(
2)Po
lly II
tetr
aplo
idFF
R/So
u. S
t.10
411
012
511
3(3)
Polly
Plu
shy
brid
tetr
aplo
idAl
lied
Seed
6460
62(2
)Po
wer
tetr
aplo
idAm
pac
Seed
110
103
102
100
109
104
105(
6)Po
limte
trap
loid
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l10
6–
Qua
rter
mas
ter
tetr
aplo
idRa
dix
Rese
arch
122
–Q
uart
ette
trap
loid
Ampa
c Se
ed97
5646
113
78(4
)RA
D-C
PS21
2hy
brid
tetr
aplo
idRa
dix
Rese
arch
134
–RA
D-M
I125
hybr
id te
trap
loid
Mou
ntai
n Vi
ew S
eeds
120
–Sa
mps
ondi
ploi
dIn
tern
atio
nal S
eeds
87–
Sier
radi
ploi
dLe
wis
Seed
Co.
89–
Tetr
aGai
nte
trap
loid
Pure
See
d11
1–
Tetr
aMag
tetr
aplo
idM
ount
ain
View
See
ds11
0–
Tong
ate
trap
loid
King
s Agr
iSee
ds96
103
100(
2)
Vers
eka
tetr
aplo
idAl
lied
Seed
75–
Vict
oria
ndi
ploi
dCa
udill
See
d10
0Ya
tsyn
dipl
oid
Bare
nbru
g US
A80
8985
(2)
1 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d.2
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
fora
ge y
ield
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual y
ield
s, lo
ok in
the
year
ly
repo
rt fo
r the
fina
l yea
r of e
ach
spec
ific
tria
l. Fo
r exa
mpl
e, th
e Le
ton
tria
l pla
nted
in 2
012
was
har
vest
ed th
ree
year
s, so
the
final
repo
rt w
ould
be “
2015
Ann
ual a
nd P
eren
nial
Rye
gras
s and
Fes
tulo
lium
Re
port
” arc
hive
d in
the
KY F
orag
e w
ebsit
e at
ww
w.u
ky.e
du/A
g/Fo
rage
.3
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.4
In p
eren
nial
ryeg
rass
, low
yie
ldin
g va
rietie
s usu
ally
resu
lt fro
m w
inte
rkill
or s
umm
er m
orta
lity.
5 N
umbe
r of y
ears
of d
ata.
14
Table 10. Summary of Kentucky festulolium yield trials 2001-2015 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).1
Variety Type2 Proprietor
LexingtonMean5
(#trials)20013,4 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
2yr6 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 2yr 2yrAgula MF x IR Allied Seed 94 –Barfest MF x PR Barenbrug USA 105 101 107 114 107(4)Bonus MF x IR Allied Seed 93 46 32 45 54(4)Duo MF x PR Ampac Seed 89 98 99 95 106 103 96 99(7)Felina (TF x IR) x TF DLF International 104 132 118 134 107 119(5)Fojtan (TF x IR) x TF DLF International 112 101 124 91 107(4)Gain MF x IR Allied Seed 103 77 52 91 81(4)Hostyn MF xIR DLF International 107 112 110(2)Hykor (TF x IR) x TF DLF International 133 141 153 125 138(4)Lofa (TF x Int) x Int DLF International 105 107 110 125 112(4)Mahulena (TF x IR) x TF DLF International 131 99 115(2)Meadow Green − Pure Seed 37 44 41(2)Perseus MF x IR DLF International 132 114 126 125 124(4)Perun MF x IR DLF International 127 114 107 124 118(4)Rebab (TFxIR) xTF DLF International 95 −Spring Green MF x PR Turf-Seed 96 111 114 101 113 112 114 108 109(8)Sweet Tart MF x IR ProSeeds Marketing 88 82 63 62 74(4)Vorage − Improved Forages –
1 The festuloliums were in fescue trials from 2001-2005 and in perennial ryegrass trials from 2008-2009.2 MF=meadow fescue, TF=tall fescue, IR=Italian ryegrass, PR=perennial ryegrass, Int=intermediate ryegrass.3 Year trial was established.4 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in forage
yield between varieties. To find actual yields, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific trial. For example, the Lexington trial planted in 2012 was harvested three years, so the final report would be “2015 Annual and Perennial Ryegrass and Festulolium Report” archived in the KY Forage website at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage.
5 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.6 Number of years of data.
Table 11. Summary of Kentucky sudangrass yield trials 2008-2015 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
VarietyProprietor/KY Distributor
LexingtonMean3
(#trials)20081,2 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
All trials are 1 year yieldsAS9301 BMR4 Alta Seeds/Ramer Seed 118 −Enorma BMR Cal/West Seeds 99 94 92 91 83 91 92(6)FSG 1000 BMR Farm Science Genetics 101 −Hayking BMR Central Farm Supply 111 112 91 97 97 96 92 94 99(8)Monarch V Public 104 96 102 97 93 98 110 99 100(8)Piper Public 90 91 97 94 104 105 89 94 96(8)ProMax BMR Ampac Seed 95 101 110 115 96 103 100 111 104(8)SS130 BMR Cal/West Seeds 101 103 107 106 110 105(5)Trudan Headless Chromatin 118 −
1 Establishment year.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific tables in this report to determine statistical
differences in forage yield between varieties. 3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 BMR (Brown Mid-rib) means that a variety has been developed to produce lower amounts of lignin which usually translates into
higher quality.
15
Table 12. Summary of Kentucky sorghum-sudangrass yield trials 2008-2015 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
VarietyProprietor/KY Distributor
LexingtonMean3
(#trials)20081,2 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
All trials are 1 year yieldsAS6402 BMR4 Alta Seeds/Ramer Seed 91 −AS6503 BMR6 Alta Seeds/Ramer Seed 96 103 90 96(3)FSG 208 BMR Farm Science Genetics 75 −FSG 214 BMR6 Farm Science Genetics 99 108 112 106(3)FSG 215 BMR6 Farm Science Genetics 112 −Greengrazer V Farm Science Genetics 166 122 107 92 122(4)GW300 BMR Gayland Ward Seed 88 78 88 81 73 82(5)HyGain Turner Seed 104 105 118 109(3)MS 202 BMR Farm Science Genetics 106 −Nutra-King BMR6 Gayland Ward Seed 110 −NutraPlus BMR Cisco 106 97 94 103 106 109 106 96 102(8)Sordan Headless Chromatin 105 −Special Effort Cisco 109 110 93 94 115 120 91 111 105(8)SS211 Southern States 104 93 114 103 118 106(5)SS220 BMR Southern States 107 84 112 101(3)Surpass BMR-6 Turner Seed 81 80 64 75(3)Super Sugar Gayland Ward Seed 102 117 107 125 113(4)Super Sugar (Delayed Maturity) Gayland Ward Seed 101 82 −Super Sugar Sterile Gayland Ward Seed 94 92(2)Sweet-For-Ever Gayland Ward Seed 110 107 81 99(3)Sweet-For-Ever BMR Gayland Ward Seed 78 70 77 75(3)SweetSix BMR Gayland Ward Seed 93 101 97(2)SweetSix BMR (Dry Stalk) Gayland Ward Seed 102 −Vita-Cane Gayland Ward Seed 121 −
1 Establishment year.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific tables in this report to determine statistical differences
in forage yield between varieties.3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 BMR (Brown Mid-rib) means that a variety has been developed to produce lower amounts of lignin which usually translates into higher
quality.
Table 13. Summary of Kentucky pearl millet yield trials 2013-2015 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
VarietyProprietor/KY Distributor 20131,2 2014 2015
Mean3
(#trials)FSG 300 Farm Science Genetics 109 −FSG 315 Dwarf BMR Farm Science Genetics 101 −Pennleaf Hybrid Pennington Seed 93 91 94 93(3)PP102M Hybrid Cisco 93 93 90 92(3)SS501 Southern States 90 99 96 95(3)SS635 Southern States 108 112 101 107(3)Tiffleaf III Hybrid Gayland Ward Seed 116 106 108 110(3)
1 Establishment year.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific
tables in this report to determine statistical differences in forage yield between varieties.
3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.
16
Table 14. Summary of Kentucky teff yield trials 2008-2015 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
Variety
Princeton LexingtonMean3
(#trials)20081,2 2009 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
All trials are 1 year yieldsCorvallis 94 112 81 101 91 101 96 100 110 96 98(10)Dessie 102 87 99 92 96 94 95 97 101 104 97(10)Excaliber 109 111 109 104 125 108 106 103 109(8)Highveld 111 115 100 121 106 101 109 103 102 108(9)HorseCandi 91 84 99 105 89 108 94 97 80 104 95(10)Moxie 94 96 105 98(3)Pharaoh 95 101 105 85 106 106 97 101 93 97 99(10)Rooiberg 102 107 112 109 113 108 115 102 88 106(9)Summer Delight 90 91 96 88 93 100 119 101 97(8)Tiffany 102 106 102 93 82 93 102 98 104 97 98(10)VA T1 Brown 89 99 87 91 94 98 104 97 95(8)Velvet 94 100 97 98 95 103 95 99 98(8)Witkope 94 100 93 101 115 103 101 104 107 102(9)
1 Establishment year.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific tables in this report to determine
statistical differences in forage yield between varieties. 3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.
Table 15. Summary of 2002-2015 Kentucky white clover grazing tolerance trials in Lexington (stand persistence shown as a percent of the mean of the commercial varieties in the test).
Variety Type Proprietor20021,2 2004 20063 2006 20084 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013 Mean5
(#trials)2yr6 4yr 2yr 2yr 3yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 2yrAlice Intermediate Barenbrug USA 59 98 79(2)Barblanca Intermediate Barenbrug USA 118 91 151 120(3)Canterbury Dutch Allied Seed 84 –Colt Intermediate Seed Research of OR 114 134 122 123(3)Crescendo Ladino Cal/West 84 72 78(2)Durana Intermediate Pennington 83 105 103 115 102 107 126 91 104(8)GWC-AS10 − Ampac Seed 77 –Insight Ladino Allied Seed 77 –Ivory Intermediate DLF International 132 142 137(2)Ivory II Intermediate DLF International 102 –Kopu II Intermediate Ampac Seed 77 122 96 93 113 112 97 101(7)KY Select Intermediate KY Agr Ex. Sta./Saddle Butte 105 83 94(2)Patriot Intermediate Pennington 110 137 122 100 111 110 123 84 112(8)Pinnacle Ladino Allied Seed 87 –Rampart − Oregro Seeds 90 –Regal Ladino Public 92 57 54 93 103 80(5)Regal Graze Ladino Cal/West 84 87 105 90 87 93 72 118 92(8)Resolute Intermediate FFR/Southern States 101 106 65 91(3)Seminole Ladino Saddle Butte Ag. Inc. 75 97 91 93 89(4)Tillman II Ladino Caudill Seed 92 –WBDX Dutch Saddle Butte Ag. Inc. 70 –Will Ladino Allied Seed 117 87 107 105 108 143 115 133 114(8)
1 Year trial was established.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in stand persistence between
varieties. To find actual persistence ratings, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific test. For example, the trial planted in 2010 was grazed for four years so the final persistence report would be “2014 Red and White Clover Grazing Tolerance Report” archived in the KY Forage website at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage.
3 This trial was replanted in the spring of 2006 due to poor establishment in the fall of 2005.4 This trial was replanted in the spring of 2008 due to poor establishment in the fall of 2007.5 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.6 Number of years of data.
17
Table 16. Summary of 2000-2015 Kentucky perennial ryegrass and festulolium (FL) grazing tolerance trials in Lexington (stand persistence shown as a percent of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
Variety Type Proprietor20001,2 2001 2003 2005 2007 2008 2010 2011 2012 Mean3
(#trials)4yr4 3yr 4yr 3-yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 3yrAGRLP103 − AgResearch USA 128 86 107(2)Aries diploid Ampac Seed 139 –Barfest (FL) MF x PR6 Barenbrug USA 111 104 108(2)BG 34 diploid Barenbrug USA 1765 1455 129 147 116 142(5)Boost tetraploid Allied Seed 101 79 89 108 94(4)Calibra tetraploid DLF International 114 –Citadel tetraploid Donley Seed 107 –Duo (FL) MF x PR6 Ampac Seed 116 95 68 84 111 95(5)Grand Daddy tetraploid Smith Seed Services 121 70 95 76 105 93(5)Lasso diploid DLF-Jenks 130 –Linn (certified) diploid Public 112 129 63 95 103 89 105 99(7)Maverick tetraploid Ampac Seed 36 –Meadow Green (FL) − Pure Seed 10 –Polly II tetraploid FFR/Southern States 36 68 52(2)Power tetraploid Ampac Seed 134 102 104 110 113(4)Quartet tetraploid Ampac Seed 77 63 50 60(3)Remington tetraploid Barenbrug USA 1515 –Spring Green (FL) MF x PR6 Rose Agri-Seed 101 109 109 108 113 108(5)TetraGain tetraploid Pure Seed 110 –Tonga tetraploid Ampac Seed 61 –
1 Year trial was established.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in stand persistence between
varieties. To find actual persistence ratings, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific trial. For example, the Lexington trial planted in 2010 was grazed four years so the final report would be “2014 Cool-Season Grass Grazing Tolerance Report” archived in the KY Forage website at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage.
3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 Number of years of data.5 Grazing tolerance values for these entries may have been elevated due to the low survival of the other commercial varieties in the trials for these years.6 MF=meadow fescue, PR=perennial ryegrass.
Table 17. Summary of 1999-2015 Kentucky orchardgrass horse grazing tolerance trials in Lexington (stand persistence shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
VarietyProprietor/KY Distributor
19991,2 2000 2001 2002 20053 2006 2009 2010 2011 2012 Mean4
(#trials)3-yr5 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 3-yrAlbert Univ. of Wisconsin 95 −Ambrosia Amer.Grass Seed Prod. 61 −Benchmark FFR/Southern States 104 85 95(2)Benchmark Plus FFR/Southern States 111 157 139 111 114 121 130 121(6)Crown Royale Grassland Oregon 95 −Crown Royale Plus Grassland Oregon 97 −Elise Pure Seed 86Haymate FFR/Southern States 96 85 97 93(3)Persist Smith Seed 114 103 101 92 115 103(4)Potomac Public 117 −Prairie Turner Seed 100 −Profit Ampac Seed 93 86 73 84(3)SS-0708OGDT FFR/Southern States 104 −Tekapo Ampac Seed 101 115 93 30 92 100 83 95 98(7)
1 Year trial was established.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in stand
persistence between varieties. To find actual persistence ratings, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific trial. For example, the Lexington trial planted in 2010 was grazed four years so the final report would be “2014 Cool-Season Grass Horse Grazing Tolerance Report” archived in the KY Forage website at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage.
3 Due to high variation during 2005 these values are not included in the overall mean.4 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.5 Number of years of data.
18
Tabl
e 18
. Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y al
falfa
gra
zing
tria
ls 1
998-
2015
(sta
nd p
ersi
sten
ce sh
own
as a
per
cent
of t
he g
razi
ng to
lera
nt A
lfagr
aze)
.
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Varie
ty C
hara
cter
istic
s1Le
ton
Mea
n5
(#tr
ials
)FD
Dis
ease
Res
ista
nce2
1998
3,4
2000
2000
2001
2004
2005
2006
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
BwFw
AnPR
RAP
H3y
r62y
r3y
r3y
r4y
r4y
r3y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r3y
rAB
T 35
0W
-L R
esea
rch
3HR
HRHR
HRHR
46–
ABT
405
W-L
Res
earc
h4
HRHR
HRHR
R46
100
73(2
)Al
fagr
aze
Amer
icas
Alfa
lfa2
MR
RM
RR
–10
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
0(12
)Al
fagr
aze3
00 R
RAm
eric
as A
lfalfa
3HR
RHR
HRHR
110
–Am
erig
raze
401
+ZAm
eric
as A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRR
5626
8512
573
(4)
Amer
istan
d 40
3TAm
eric
as A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
141
144
5091
115
108(
5)Am
erist
and
403T
Plus
Amer
icas
Alfa
lfa4
HRHR
HRHR
HR13
390
112(
2)
Amer
istan
d 40
7TQ
Amer
icas
Alfa
lfa4
HRHR
HRHR
HR13
650
8089
(3)
Apol
loAm
eric
as A
lfalfa
4R
RR
R–
4717
3125
3627
2517
2770
6936
(11)
Arch
er II
IAm
eric
as A
lfalfa
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
3383
58(2
)Ba
ralfa
54
Bare
nbru
g US
A–
RHR
HRHR
HR78
–Bu
lldog
-505
Univ
. of G
A5
–HR
–R
–13
8–
FK 4
21D
onle
y Se
ed C
o.4
HRH
H H
H 10
0–
Feas
tGa
rst S
eeds
3HR
HRHR
HRR
8792
90(2
)Go
ld P
lus
PGI A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRR
81–
Graz
ekin
gFF
R/So
uthe
rn
Stat
es5
MR
HRHR
RS
50–
Hayg
raze
rGr
eat P
lain
s Re
sear
ch4
HRHR
RR
MR
38–
Inte
grity
PGI A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
172
–Le
genD
airy
5.0
Crop
lan
Gene
tics
3HR
HRHR
HRHR
087
44(2
)PG
I 424
Prod
ucer
s Cho
ice
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
45–
PGI 4
59Pr
oduc
ers C
hoic
e4
HRHR
HRHR
HR17
9355
(2)
Pion
eer 9
8Pi
onee
r3
HRR
HRR
–56
–Pr
oGro
MBS
Inc.
4HR
HRR
HRM
R81
–Re
bel
Targ
et S
eed
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
79–
Rugg
edTa
rget
See
d3
HRHR
HRHR
HR14
6–
Sara
nac
AR (c
ert.)
Publ
ic4
MR
RHR
LR–
100
–Sp
redo
r 3Sy
ngen
ta1
HRHR
RM
RS
7568
72(2
)Sp
redo
r 4Sy
ngen
ta2
HRHR
HRHR
R25
–TS
400
7Pr
oduc
ers C
hoic
e4
HRR
HRHR
HR82
–TS
401
0/A4
535
Prod
ucer
s Cho
ice
4HR
RHR
HRHR
8314
512
011
6(3)
Trip
le Tr
ust 4
50AB
I/Am
eric
a’s
Alfa
lfa5
HRHR
HRHR
HR14
5–
Win
terg
reen
ABI A
lfalfa
3HR
HRHR
HRR
72–
WL
326G
ZW
-L R
esea
rch
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
88–
115
Bran
dM
onsa
nto
3HR
HRR
HRR
5685
71(2
)54
32Pi
onee
r4
HRHR
–M
R–
51–
1 Va
riety
cha
ract
erist
ics:
FD=f
all d
orm
ancy
, Bw
=bac
teria
l wilt
, Fw
=fus
ariu
m w
ilt, A
n=an
thra
cnos
e, P
RR=p
hyto
phth
era
root
rot,
APH-
apha
nom
yces
root
rot.
Info
rmat
ion
prov
ided
by
seed
co
mpa
nies
.2
Dise
ase
resis
tanc
e: S
=sus
cept
ible
, LR=
low
resis
tanc
e, M
R=m
oder
ate
resis
tanc
e, R
=res
istan
ce, H
R=hi
gh re
sista
nce.
3 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d.4
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
stan
d pe
rsist
ence
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual
pers
isten
ce ra
tings
, loo
k in
the
year
ly re
port
for t
he fi
nal y
ear o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c te
st. F
or e
xam
ple,
the
Lexi
ngto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
201
1 w
as g
raze
d fo
r fou
r yea
rs so
fina
l per
siste
nce
repo
rt w
ould
be
“201
5 Al
falfa
Gra
zing
Tole
ranc
e Re
port
” arc
hive
d in
the
KY F
orag
e w
ebsit
e at
ww
w.u
ky.e
du/A
g/Fo
rage
.5
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.6
Num
ber o
f yea
rs o
f dat
a.
19
Table 19. Summary of 2000-2015 Kentucky tall fescue grazing tolerance trials (stand persistence shown as a percent of the stand rating of KY 31+).
Variety Proprietor
Lexington PrincetonMean3
(#trials)20001,2 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2002
4yr4 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 3yr 4yrAdvance MaxQ5 Pennington Seed 94 –Bariane Barenbrug USA 89 75 47 29 60(4)BarElite Barenbrug USA 96 –Barolex Barenbrug USA 78 101 86 88(3)BarOptima PLUS E345 Barenbrug USA 100 97 98 100 99 99(5)Bronson Ampac Seed 98 98 98(2)Cajun II Smith Seed Services 98 –Cattle Club Green Seed 93 91 92(2)Carmine DLF-Jenks 90 –Cowgirl Rose Agri-Seed 99 100 100(2)Festival Pickseed West 100 101 89 97(3)Festorina Advanta Seeds 80(3)Flourish Allied Seed 98 –Goliath Ampac Seed 98 –Hoedown DLF-Jenks 88 –HyMark Fraser Seeds 95 100 98(2)Jesup EF Pennington Seed 99 99 100 99 99(4)Jesup MaxQ5 Pennington Seed 103 97 68 102 97 97 99 98 100 99 105 97(11)Johnstone Proseeds 92 –KY31+5 KY Agri. Exp Sta. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100(14)KY31-5 KY Agri. Exp Sta. 98 103 98 100 82 100 100 98 99 99 100 99 105 99(13)Kokanee Ampac Seed 43 –Maximize Rose Agri-Seed 99 –Nanryo Japanese Grassland
For. Seed100 –
Orygun – 99 –Resolute Ampac Seed 23 –Select FFR/Sou. St. 107 101 100 100 67 100 93 95 97 99 100 99 98 97(13)Stargrazer FFR/Sou. St. 86 89 79(4)Stockman Seed Res. of OR 102 –Texoma MaxQ5 Pennington Seed 88 100 98 95(3)Tuscany II Seed Res. of OR 100 –Verdant Am.Grass Seed 97 –
1 Year trial was established.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in stand persistence between
varieties. To find actual persistence ratings, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific trial. For example, the Lexington trial planted in 2010 was grazed four years so the final report would be “2014 Cool-Season Grass Grazing Tolerance Report” archived in the KY Forage website at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage.
3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 Number of years of data.5 KY 31- is the variety KY31 from which the toxic endophyte has been removed. KY31+ contains the toxic endophyte. Jesup MaxQ, Texoma MaxQ and Advance MaxQ
contain a non-toxic endophyte. BarOptima PLUS E34 contains a beneficial endophyte. The other fescue varieties in this table do not contain an endophyte.
Table 20. Summary of 1999-2015 Kentucky tall fescue horse grazing tolerance trials in Lexington (stand persistence shown as a percent of the stand rating of KY 31-).
Variety Proprietor/KY Distributor19991,2 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Mean3
(#trials)3-yr4 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 4-yr 3-yrBarOptima PLUS E345 Barenbrug 107 101 101 95 101(4)Bronson Ampac Seed 80 −Cattle Club Green Seed 95 −Cowgirl Rose Agri-Seed 105 99 102(2)Festorina Advanta Seed 102 −Jesup MaxQ5 Pennington Seed 98 78 104 97 100 101 98 97(7)Johnstone ProSeeds 88 −KY31+5 KY Agri. Exp.Sta. 105 102 109 120 107 101 101 101 99 105(9)KY31-5 KY Agri. Exp.Sta. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100(13)Nanryo Japanese Grassland For. Seed 72 −Seine Seed Research of OR 135 −Select FFR/Southern States 82 109 94 99 73 104 76 108 98 100 101 99 95(12)Stargrazer FFR/Southern States 70 −Stockman Seed Research of OR 125 −
1 Year trial was established.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in stand persistence between
varieties. To find actual persistence ratings, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific trial. For example, the Lexington trial planted in 2010 was grazed four years so the final report would be “2014 Cool-Season Grass Horse Grazing Tolerance Report” archived in the KY Forage website at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage.
3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 Number of years of data.5 KY 31- is the variety KY31 from which the toxic endophyte has been removed. KY31+ contains the toxic endophyte. Jesup MaxQ contains a non-toxic endophyte.
BarOptima PLUS E34 contains a beneficial endophyte. The other fescue varieties in this table do not contain an endophyte.
Table 21. Summary of 2000-2015 Kentucky orchardgrass grazing tolerance trials (stand persistence shown as a percent of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
Variety Proprietor
Lexington PrincetonMean4
(#trials)20001,2 2001 2002 2003 2004 20053 2007 2009 2010 2011 2012 2002
4yr5 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 3yr 4yrAbertop Pennington Seed 38 –Albert Univ. of Wisconsin 115 –Amba DLF-Jenks 71 –Ambrosia Pennington Seed 94 –Athos DLF-Jenks 93 60 –Benchmark FFR/Sou. States 118 123 114 133 122(4)Benchmark Plus FFR/Sou. States 120 152 135 106 106 108 113 133 117(7)Boone Public 102 –Command Seed Research of OR 81 –Crown Royale Donley Seed 100 –Crown Royale Plus Donley Seed 124 83 104(2)Elise Pure Seed 102 –Hallmark James VanLeeuwen 115 113 83 104(3)Harvestar Columbia Seeds 75 89 94 86(3)Haymate FFR/Sou. States 53 115 100 118 83 94(5)Intensiv Barenbrug USA 51 –Mammoth DLF-Jenks 115 –Megabite Turf Seed 77 –Niva DLF-Jenks 76 83 80(2)Persist Smith Seed 138 107 103 100 96 93 106(6)Potomac Public 116 119 117 117(3)Prairie Turner Seed 127 121 94 83 106(4)Profile Scott Seed 116 –Profit Ampac Seed 95 99 102 99 99(4)Tekapo Ampac Seed 55 74 118 50 103 95 105 106 93 100 94(9)Takena Smith Seed 99 –Seco FFR/Sou. States 85 –
1 Year trial was established.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in stand persistence between
varieties. To find actual persistence ratings, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific trial. For example, the Lexington trial planted in 2010 was grazed four years so the final report would be “2014 Cool-Season Grass Grazing Tolerance Report” archived in the KY Forage website at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage.
3 Due to high variation during 2005 these values are not included in the overall mean.4 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.5 Number of years of data.Stand thinning may have been greater for preferred varieties due to closer grazing. See individual trial tables for preference ratings.
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