[ppt]chapter 1 the science of life - · web view(list characteristics) copyright cmassengale *...
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Introduction to Introduction to BiologyBiology
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Bell Ringer In order for something to be
considered living, it must ………. (list characteristics)
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Biology The study of living
things and their environment
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Characteristics of Life
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Cells All living things are
composed of cellscells In multicellular
organisms, many are specializedspecialized to perform specific functions
Cells are always very smallsmall
The size of multi-celled organisms depends on the number of cells the number of cells NOT their sizeNOT their size
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Energy Use Use energy in a process called
metabolismmetabolism Sum of all chemical processesSum of all chemical processes
Require energy to maintain their molecular and cellular organization, grow and reproduce
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HomeostasisHomeostasis Maintain stable internal stable internal
conditionsconditions Temperature, pH, etc.Temperature, pH, etc.
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Growth & DevelopmentGrowth & Development GROWTH
Grow occurs as the result of cell cell division and cell enlargementdivision and cell enlargement
Cell division Cell division is the formation of two cells from a preexisting cellpreexisting cell
New cells enlarge as they mature When a cell grows to a size where
its surface area isn’t big enough for surface area isn’t big enough for its volumeits volume, the cell divides
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DEVELOPMENT The process by which an adult process by which an adult
organism arise organism arise is called developmentdevelopment Repeated cell divisions and cell cell
differentiationdifferentiation
Growth & DevelopmentGrowth & Development
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ReproductionReproduction All species have the ability to ability to
reproducereproduce Not essential to survival of Not essential to survival of
individual individual but is essential for continuation of a species
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Living things are based on Living things are based on a universal genetic code a universal genetic code ((DNADNA))
Living organisms inherit traits from the parent organisms that created them.
HeredityHeredity
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ResponsivenessResponsiveness Respond to stimuli Respond to stimuli in
the external environment
Detect and respond to changes in light, heat, light, heat, sound and chemical sound and chemical and mechanical contactand mechanical contact
Coordinates it’s responses
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EvolveEvolve Ability to adapt to their environment
through the process of evolutionevolution Favorable characteristics Favorable characteristics are selected
for and passed on to offspring Called adaptationsadaptations Driven byDriven by
natural selectionnatural selectionoror “survival of the “survival of thefittest”fittest”
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