LATA MANGESHKAR

Lata Mangeshkar (born 28 September 1929) is an Indian playback singer, and occasional music-composer. She is one of the best-known and most respected playback singers in India.Mangeshkar's career started in 1942 and has spanned over seven decades. She has recorded songs for over a thousand Hindi films and has sung songs in over thirty-six regional Indian languages and foreign languages, though primarily in Marathi and Hindi. She is the elder sister of singers Asha Bhosle, Hridaynath Mangeshkar, Usha Mangeshkar and Meena Mangeshkar. India's highest award in cinema, the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, was bestowed on her in 1989 by the Government of India. She is the second vocalist, after M.S. Subbulakshmi, to have ever been awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour..

Lata Mangeshkar was born in a Marathi-speaking Gomantak Maratha family, in the princely state of Indore, part of the Central India Agency (now part of Madhya Pradesh). Her father, Pandit Deenanath Mangeshkar was a classical singer and theater actor. Her mother Shevanti (Shudhamati) who was from Thalner, Maharashtra, was Deenanath's second wife. The family's last name used to be Hardikar; Deenanath changed it to Mangeshkar in order to identify his family with his native town, Mangeshi in Goa. Lata was named "Hema" at her birth. Her parents later renamed her Lata after a female character, Latika, in one of her father's plays, BhaawBandhan.Lata is the eldest child of her parents. Meena, Asha, Usha and Hridaynath are her siblings in sequence.

SINGING CAREERIn 1942, when Mangeshkar was 13, her father died of heart disease. Master Vinayak (Vinayak Damodar Karnataki), the owner of Navyug Chitrapat movie company and a close friend of the Mangeshkar family, took care of them. He helped Lata get started in a career as a singer and actress.Mangeshkar sang the song "Naachu Yaa Gade, Khelu Saari Mani Haus Bhaari" which was composed by Sadashivrao Nevrekar for Vasant Joglekar's Marathi movie Kiti Hasaal (1942), but the song was dropped from the final cut.Her first Hindi song was "Mata Ek Sapoot Ki Duniya Badal De Tu" for the Marathi film, Gajaabhaau (1943).She started taking lessons in Hindustani classical music from Ustad Amanat Ali Khan. Mangeshkar and her sister Asha played minor roles in Vinayak's first Hindi-language movie, Badi Maa (1945). In that movie, Lata also sang a bhajan, "Maata Tere Charnon Mein.”

After Vinayak's death in 1948, music director Ghulam Haider mentored her as a singer.Ghulam Haider introduced Mangeshkar to producer Sashadhar Mukherjee, who was working then on the movie Shaheed (1948), but Mukherjee dismissed Mangeshkar's voice as "too thin". An annoyed Haider responded that in coming years producers and directors would "fall at Lata's feet" and "beg her" to sing in their movies. Haider gave Lata her first major break with the song "Dil Mera Toda, Mujhe Kahin Ka Na Chhora"—lyrics by Nazim Panipati—from the movie Majboor (1948), which became her first big breakthrough film hit. In an interview on her 84th birthday , in September 2013, Lata herself declared, "Ghulam Haider is truly my Godfather. He was the first music director who showed complete faith in my talent.“Initially, Mangeshkar is said to have imitated the acclaimed singer Noor Jehan, but later she developed her own style of singing.Lyrics of songs in Hindi movies are primarily composed by Urdu poets and contain a higher proportion of Urdu words, including the dialogue. Actor Dilip Kumar once made a mildly disapproving remark about Mangeshkar's Maharashtrian accent while singing Hindi/Urdu songs; so for a period of time, Lata took lessons in Urdu from an Urdu teacher named Shafi.

In the 1950s, Mangeshkar sang songs composed by various music directors of the period, including Anil Biswas (in films such as Tarana and Heer), Shankar Jaikishan, Naushad Ali, S.D Burman, Pandit Amarnath Husan Lal Bhagat Ram (in films like Bari Behan, Meena Bazaar, Afsana, Aadhi Raat, Ansoo, Chhoti Bhabi, Adal-e-Jehangir) C. Ramchandra, Hemant Kumar, Salil Chowdhury, Khayyam, Ravi, Sajjad Hussain, Roshan, Kalyanji-Anandji, Vasant Desai, Sudhir Phadke, Hansraj Behl, Madan Mohan, and Usha Khanna. Mangeshkar sang many raga-based songs for Naushad in movies such as Deedar (1951), Baiju Bawra (1952), Amar (1954), Uran Khatola (1955) and Mother India (1957). Ae Chorre Ki Jaat Badi Bewafa, a duet with G. M. Durrani, was her first song for composer, Naushad. The duo, Shankar-Jaikishan, chose Mangeshkar for Barsaat (1949), Aah (1953), Shree 420 (1955), and Chori Chori (1956). Before 1957, composer S.D. Burman chose Mangeshkar as the leading female singer for his musical scores in Sazaa (1951), House No. 44 (1955), and Devdas (1955). However a rift developed between Lata and Burman in 1957, and Lata did not sing Burman's compositions again until 1962.

She also sang several playback songs for Marathi films, composed by Marathi music directors including Hridaynath Mangeshkar, Vasant Prabhu, Srinivas Khale, Sudhir Phadke and herself (under the name Anandghan). During the 1960s and 1970s, she also sang several Bengali songs, composed by music directors like Salil Chowdhury and Hemant Kumar. She also made her Kannada debut in 1967 for the film Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna by recording two songs for the music director Lakshman Berlekar. The song "Bellane Belagayithu" was received well and appreciated. The 1960s also witnessed the beginning of Mangeshkar's association with Laxmikant-Pyarelal, the music directors for whom she sang the most popular songs in her career. Starting in 1963, Laxmikant-Pyarelal association with Lata Mangeshkar grew stronger over the years. Lata Mangeshkar sang over 700 songs for the composer duo over a period of 35 long years, most of which became huge hits. She sang for Parasmani (1963), Mr.X in Bombay (1964), Aaye Din Bahar Ke (1966), Milan (1967)

In 1972, Meena Kumari's last film, Pakeezah, was released. It featured popular songs including "Chalte Chalte" and "Inhi Logon Ne" sung by Lata Mangeshkar, and composed by Ghulam Mohammed. She recorded many popular songs for S. D. Burman's last films, including "Rangeela Re" from Prem Pujari (1970), "Khilte Hain Gul Yahaan" from Sharmeelee (1971), and "Piya Bina" from Abhimaan (1973). She recorded many popular songs for Madan Mohan's last films, including Dastak (1970), Heer Raanjha (1970), Dil Ki Rahen (1973), Hindustan Ki Kasam (1973), Hanste Zakhm (1973), Mausam (1975) and Laila Majnu (1976).Lata Mangeshkar's most notable songs in the 1970s were composed by Laxmikant-Pyarelal (Laxmi-Pyare) and Rahul Dev Burman. She recorded several songs composed by Laxmi-Pyare in the 1960s and 1970s, many of them written by the lyricist Anand Bakshi. She also recorded many hit songs with Rahul Dev Burman in the films Amar Prem (1972), Caravan (1971), Kati Patang (1971), and Aandhi (1975).

In 1973, she won the National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer for the song "Beeti Na Bitai" from the film Parichay, composed by R. D. Burman, and written by Gulzar. In 1974, she sang her only Malayalam song "Kadali Chenkadali" for the film Nellu, composed by Salil Chowdhury, and written by Vayalar Ramavarma. In 1975, she again won the national award, this time for the song "Roothe Roothe Piya" from the film Kora Kagaz, composed by Kalyanji Anandji.From the 1970s onwards, Lata Mangeshkar has also staged many concerts in India and abroad, including several charity concerts. Her first concert overseas was at the Royal Albert Hall, London, in 1974. She also released an album of Mirabai's bhajans, Chala Vaahi Des, composed by her brother Hridaynath Mangeshkar. In 1978, Raj Kapoor direct Satyam Shivam Sundaram Lata Mangeshkar lends her voice to the main theme song "Satyam Shivam Sundaram", which was among the chart-toppers of the year. The story of was inspired by Lata Mangeshkar reveals Raj Kapoor's daughter Ritu Nanda in her latest book.

I visualised the story of a man falling for a woman with an ordinary countenance but a golden voice and wanted to cast Lata Mangeshkar in the role. The book quotes Raj Kapoor as saying.In the late 1970s and early 1980s, she worked with the children of composers she had earlier worked with. Some of these composers included Rahul Dev Burman (son of Sachin Dev Burman), Rajesh Roshan (son of Roshan), Anu Malik (son of Sardar Malik), and Anand-Milind (sons of Chitragupt). She also sang many songs in Assamese language and had a very good relationship with Dadasaheb Phalke award winner singing legend Late Bhupen Hazarika. She sang many songs under his guidance and in Rudaali the song "Dil hoom hoom kare" made a highestrecord of sales that year.

From the 1980s onwards, Lata Mangeshkar worked with music directors including Shiv-Hari in Silsila (1981), Faasle (1985), Vijay (1988) and Chandni (1989). Ram Laxman in Ustadi Ustad Se (1981), Bezubaan (1982), Woh Jo Hasina (1983), Ye Kesa Farz (1985) and Maine Pyar Kiya (1989) which was a musical hit. She sang for various big projects including Ek duuje ke liye, Silsila, Karz, Prem Rog, Pyar Jhukta Nahi, Ram teri ganga maili, Hero, Nagina, Chandni Ram Lakhan. Her song Zu Zu Zu from Sanjog was the chartbuster in 1985. In the 1980s, they had Lata croon of their biggest hits – Sheesha Ho Ya Dil Ho Asha (1980) Mere Naseeb Mein Naseeb (1980), Zindagi Ki Na Toote Kranti (1981), Solah Baras Ki Ek Duje Ke Liye (1981), Ye Galiyan Ye Chaubara Prem Rog (1982), Likhnewale Ne Likh Dale Arpan (1983), which was once extremely popular on Chitrahar on DD, Din Maheene Saal from Avtaar (1983), which revived Rajesh Khanna's career after an endless series of flops, Pyar Karnewale and Nindiya Se Jagi Hero (1983), Zu Zu Zu Sanjog (1985), Zindagi Har Qadam Meri Jung (1985), Baith Mere Paas Yaadon Ki Kasam (1985), Ungli Mein Anghoti Ram Avtar (1988) and O Ramji Tere Lakhan Ne Ram Lakhan (1989).

Rahul Dev Burman continued to use Lata for melodious compositions. The best Rahul Dev Burman compositions for Lata this year like Aaja Sar-e-Bazaar Alibaba Aur Chalis Chor (1980), Bindiya Tarase Phir Wohi Raat (1981), Thodi Si Zameen Sitara (1981), Kya Yahi Pyar Hai Rocky (1981), Dekho Maine Dekha Love Story (1981), Tune O Rangeele Kudrat (1981), Jaane Kaise Kab Shakti (1982), Jab Hum Jawan Honge Betaab (1983), became instantly popular, Humein Aur Jeene Agar Tum Na Hote (1983), Tujhse Naraaz Nahin Masoom (1983), Bhuri Bhuri Aankhon Arjun (1985), Sagar Kinare Sagar (1985), Din Pyar Ke Aayenge from Savere Wali Gaadi (1986). Kya Bhala Hai Kya, Khamosh Sa Afsana and Seeli Hawa Chhoo from Libas (1988), Rajesh Roshan's collaboration with Dev Anand in Lootmaar and Man Pasand resulted in songs like Paas Ho Tum Magar Qareeb and Sumansudha Rajni Chandha respectively. Lata duet with Rafi Mujhe Chhoo Rahi Hain Swayamwar (1980), Tujh Sang Preet Kaamchor (1982), Angrezi Mein Khete Hai from Khud-Daar (1982), Ankhiyo Hi Ankhiyo Mein Nishaan (1983), Dushman Na Kare Aakhir Kyun? (1985) and Tu Vaada Na Tod Dil Tujhko Diya (1987) later featured in the soundtrack of the 2004 film Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind.

NON-SINGING CAREERLata Mangeshkar composed music for the first time in 1955 for Marathi movie Ram Ram Pavhane. Later in the 1960s, she composed music for following Marathi movies under the pseudonym of Anand Ghan.1960 - Ram Ram Pavhana1963 - Maratha Tituka Melvava1963 - Mohityanchi Manjula1965 - Sadhi Manase1969 - Tambadi MatiShe won Maharashtra State Government's Best Music Director Award for the film Sadhi Manase. The song "Airanichya Deva Tula" from the same film received best song award.

ProductionLATA MANGESHKAR HAS PRODUCED FOUR FILMS:1953 - VAADAL (MARATHI)1953 - JHAANJHAR (HINDI), CO-PRODUCED WITH C. RAMCHANDRA1955 - KANCHAN (HINDI)1990 - LEKIN... (HINDI)

Awards and recognitionsMangeshkar at the Dinanath Mangeshkar Awards announcement in 2013Lata Mangeshkar has won several awards and honours, including Bharat Ratna (India's Highest Civilian Award), Padma Bhushan (1969), Padma Vibhushan (1999), Dadasaheb Phalke Award (1989), Maharashtra Bhushan Award (1997), NTR National Award (1999), Bharat Ratna (2001), ANR National Award (2009), three National Film Awards, and 12 Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards. She has also won four Filmfare Best Female Playback Awards. In 1969, she made the unusual gesture of giving up the Filmfare Best Female Playback Award, in order to promote fresh talent. She was later awarded Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 1993.In 1984, the State Government of Madhya Pradesh instituted the Lata Mangeshkar Award in honour of Lata Mangeshkar. The State Government of Maharashtra also instituted a Lata Mangeshkar Award in 1992. 

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