FORESTRY AND USE OF WOODIN FINLANDJuly 20, 2020

MMM | METSIEN TALOUDELLINEN MERKITYS SUOMESSA

GROWING STOCK IN FINLAND’S FORESTS HAS INCREASED OVER LAST 50 YEARS

The volume of growing stock and the state of forests

have been monitored in Finland since the 1920s.

The growing stock volume in Finland’s forests totals 2.5 billion cubic meters. This is

1.7 times the volume recorded in the 1920s.

Sustainable forest management ensures that growth will continue also in the future

Total volume of growing stock by inventory period, million m3

Source: Natural Resources Institute Finland

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FOREST GROWTH EXCEEDS HARVESTINGS

Finland’s annual increment of growing

stock is 108 million cubic meters each year.

In 2019, roundwoodremovals totaled around 73,3 million cubic meters.

In recent years, the annual increment has exceeded the annual fellings by 30%

Annual increment of growing stock, roundwood removals, total drain of stemwood 1935-2019, million m3.Source: Natural Resource Institute Finland

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WOOD IS USED IN MANY EVERYDAY ITEMS

Source: Finnish Forest Industries4

USE OF WOOD IN FINLAND

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LONG HISTORY OF WOODPROCESSINGFinland has long traditions in the use of wood for manufacturing printing and writing papers and packaging materials and as construction and interior design material.

Wood processing remains an important sector of industry in Finland. In 2018 the value of production of forest industry in Finland, including furniture industry, was over 23 billion euros. This was over fifth of all industrial production.

Wood raw materials contain ingredients that have only recently been detected and developed for new uses e.g. in chemical and medical industry.

Wood, wood fibers, biopolymers and molecules can replace synthetic, unsustainable or diminishing materials in many end products.

Gross value of Finnish forest industries 2008-2018, billion euros. Source: Finnish Forest Industries

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EFFICIENT USE OF WOOD BY FOREST INDUSTRIES IN VARIOUS APPLICATIONS

Most roundwood in Finland is consumed by chemical

pulp and sawmilling industries.

Most important roundwoodassortments are pine

pulpwood and spruce logs.

Total consumption of roundwood in Finland in 2018Source: Natural Resources Institute Finland

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THREE OF FINLAND’S TEN MOST IMPORTANT EXPORT PRODUCTS ARE BASED ON WOOD

Over 20 per cent of the value of Finland’s goods

exports comes from the forest sector.

Forest industry is one of the most important

industry sectors in Finland.

Finland’s top export products in 2018. Source: Finnish Forest Industries

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WOOD-BASED MATERIALS CAN REPLACE PLASTICWood-based materials can be utilised to replace plastics made from fossil rawmaterials. Bio-based and biodegradable plastics are made from cellulose or side streams of forest industry.Wood-based packaging material, like cardboard, can replace plastic packages.EU Plastics Strategy aims to decrease the negative environmental effects of plastics.

Photos by: Kotkamills, VTT, DS Smith 9

MMM | METSIEN TALOUDELLINEN MERKITYS SUOMESSA

TEXTILES ARE MANUFACTURED FROM WOOD AND RECYCLED MATERIALS

By-products of the forest industry and recovered paper can also be utilised in the manufacturing of textiles.In the last few years, several innovations have been made in Finland for textiles produced from wood fibres. Textiles based on wood fibres can replace cotton.

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Ioncell is a technology that turns used textiles, pulp or even old newspapers into new textile fibers

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WOODEN BUILDINGS ARE CARBON STORAGES New solutions for using wood as building material

Wood as a material for construction and interior decoration has long traditions in Finland, but new innovations are gaining ground also in wood construction.Wood accounts for about 40 per cent of all building materials. In Finland, nearly 80 per cent of detached houses have a wooden frame. Wood is also used in structures, windows, doors and finished surfaces. There are new solutions for using wood as the main building material in e.g. multi-storey housing buildings and office buildings. The development of fire resistant structural elements of timber and prefabrification of wooden blocks of flats enable the breakthrough of multi-storey wooden buildings.A wooden building acts as a carbon storage throughout its life – even hundreds of years

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ELECTRICITY AND HEAT FROM WOODY BIOMASSIn Finland wood fuels are derived fromsidestreams and residues of the forest industry

In Finland bioenergy has a key role in the production of renewable energy. Bioenergy production is largely integrated into forestry and forest industry.

In Finland major share of wood fuels are derived from the by-products of the forest industry.

Various wood processing residues, such as bark, sawdust, industrial wood residue chips and black liquor from pulp manufacturing are utilised as energy. Treetops, branches, small-sized stems and stumps collected in connection with forest management work and felling can be chipped and used as energy sources.

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WOOD FUELS ACCOUNT FOR ONE FOURTH OF FINLAND’S TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION

In 2019 the share of renewable energy was

37 % of total energy consumption.

Wood fuels are the main source of renewable

energy in Finland.

In Finland wood-based energy is produced from forest industry black liquor and by-products

In 2019 the total consumptionof wood fuels was 104 terawatt-hours (TWh). Wood fuels represented the most important renewable energy source in Finland, covering 74 per cent of renewable energy consumption.

In recent years, the growth in the consumption of wood fuels in Finland has been based especially on an increase in burning forest industry by-products and wood residues.

Renewable energy consumptionSource: Natural Resources Institute Finland 13

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WOOD-BASED BIOFUELS FOR TRANSPORT

Forest industry residues and by-products can be used to manufacture biofuels for transport.

In Finland transport sector plays an important role in achieving carbon emission reduction targets.

All transport fuels distributed in Finland contain bio-components. In Finland the national law requires that fuel distributors provide biofuels to the market. By 2030 the share of the total energy content of the petrol, diesel oil and biofuels supplied by the distributor for consumption to be accounted for by the energy content of biofuels will steadily increase to 30 per cent (distribution obligation).

Transport biofuels produced from forest biomass or based on wood raw material are included in advanced biofuels because they do not compete with food production.

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Ministry of Agriculture and ForestryFI-00023 GOVERNMENT, FINLANDTel. +358 (0)295 16 001

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