Neptune house

Class VIII

WHAT IS POVERTY?

Poverty is the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money. 

People all over the world are dying because they cannot afford the necessary resources they need to survive.

Absolute poverty or destitution refers to the deprivation of basic human needs, which commonly includes food, water, sanitation, clothing, shelter, health care and education.

Relative poverty is defined contextually as economic inequality in the location or society in which people live.

PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION LIVING IN LESS THAN $1/DAY ACROSS THE WORLD.

WHAT DOES POVERTY MEAN?

Lack of shelter. Lack of food. Lack of education. Lack of basic transportation. Lack of ability to pay off debts. Lack of good health and medical infrastructure.

HOW IS POVERTY MEASURED? When measured, poverty may be absolute or

relative poverty. Absolute poverty refers to a set standard which

is consistent over time and between countries. An example of an absolute measurement would be the percentage of the population eating less food than is required to sustain the human body.

Relative poverty, in contrast, views poverty as socially defined and dependent on social context. One relative measurement would be to compare the total wealth of the poorest one-third of the population with the total wealth of the richest 1% of the population.

HOW IS POVERTY MEASURED ? CONTD… The main poverty line used in the OECD and

the European Union is a relative poverty measure based on "economic distance", a level of income usually set at 60% of the median household income.

Both absolute and relative poverty measures are usually based on a person's yearly income and frequently take no account of total wealth. Some people argue that this ignores a key component of economic well-being.

Economic aspects of poverty focus on material needs, typically including the necessities of daily living, such as food, clothing, shelter, or safe drinking water. Poverty in this sense may be understood as a condition in which a person or community is lacking in the basic needs for a minimum standard of well-being and life, particularly as a result of a persistent lack of income.

Do you know the world population is 7 billion out of which-

1.4 billion people in developing countries live on $1.25 a day or less.

Rural areas account for three out of every four people living on less than $1.25 a day.

22,000 children die each day due to conditions of poverty.

8 million people die from lack of food and nutrition every year - about 24,000 deaths each day. 

1/6 of our population is starving. There are 936 million people who do not

have enough to eat. 1.4 billion people in developing countries live

on $1.25 a day or less. Rural areas account for three out of every

four people living on less than $1.25 a day. 22,000 children die each day due to

conditions of poverty.

60 percent of the world's hungry are women. 50 percent of pregnant women in developing

countries lack proper maternal care, resulting in over 300,000 maternal deaths annually from childbirth.

1 out of 6 infants are born with a low birth weight in developing countries.

Malnutrition is the key factor contributing to more than one-third of all global child deaths resulting in 2.6 million deaths per year.

A third of all childhood death in sub-Saharan Africa is caused by hunger.

Every five seconds, a child dies from hunger-related diseases.

870 million people do not have enough to eat --more than the populations of USA and the European Union combined.

98% of the world's undernourished people live in developing countries.

Two-thirds of the world's hungry live in just 7 countries: Bangladesh, China, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia and Pakistan.

35 million people are living with HIV/AIDS. 65 percent of young people living with

HIV/AIDS are women. 90 percent of all children and 60 percent of

all women living with HIV are in sub-Saharan Africa.

More than 11 million children die each year from preventable health issues such as malaria, diarrhea and pneumonia.

75 percent of the world's poorest people — 1.4 billion women, children, and men — live in rural areas and depend on agriculture and related activities for their livelihood.

50 percent of hungry people are farming families.

1.7 billion people lack access to clean water. 2.3 billion people suffer from water-borne

diseases each year. 12 percent of the world's population uses 85

percent of its water, and none of the 12 percent lives in developing countries.

HOW POVERTY CAN BE ERADICATED THROUGH GOVERNMENT AND SOCIAL ACTIONS.

Generating more employment. Raising the level of minimum education. Making the social elite aware of the possibility of

removing it. Presenting the government concrete programs of

prosperity. Drawing upon the resources of every social institution

like Chamber of Commerce, university, research institutions, government, voluntary organization, U.N., U.N. agencies, press, etc.

Educating the public opinion that poverty is not inevitable.

By improving the social services delivery mechanism to the population of the country.

HOW POVERTY CAN BE ERADICATED THROUGH GOVERNMENT AND SOCIAL

ACTIONS. By improving regional equality & harmony. By driving programs to restore sustainable

growth in the incomes of the poor. By building strong social and economic

infrastructure. By enhancing skill development of population

to make them employable in industries/manufacturing/services sector.

By use public resources more efficiently.

HOW POVERTY CAN BE ERADICATED THROUGH GOVERNMENT AND SOCIAL

ACTIONS.  Integrated Rural Development Programme

(IRDP). National Rural Employment Programme

(NREP). Rural Landless Employment Guarantee

Programme (RLEGP). Jawahar Rozgar Yojna. Training of Rural Youth for Self-Employment. Development of Women and Children. Drought Prone Area Programme. Desert Development Programme. Minimum Needs Programme.

HOW POVERTY CAN BE ERADICATED THROUGH GOVERNMENT AND SOCIAL

ACTIONS. Employment Exchanges. Employment Guarantee Scheme. Development of Animal Husbandry and

Agriculture. Employment Assurance Scheme. Prime Minister's Rozgar Yojana (PMRY). Prime Minister's Integrated Urban Poverty

Eradication Program (PMIUPEP). Self-Employment Programmes. The Swaran Jayanti Rozgar Yojana.

HOW POVERTY CAN BE ERADICATED…(CONTD.)

Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana  Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY).  Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (Gramin

Awas).  Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana-Rural

Drinking Water Project.  Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY).  Autyodya Anna Yojana.  Jai Parkesh Rozgar Guarantee Yojana

(JPRGY).  Valmiki Ambedkar Awas Yojana (VAMBAY).