population structure
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
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Population Structure
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Learning Objectives
• Interpret the age-sex structure of a country from a population pyramid
• Describe how and explain why the UK’s population structure has changed
• Make links between the DTM and population structure
• Compare population pyramids from the LEDW and MEDW
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Population Structure
• Population structure is the make up of the total population in a country or area where people are grouped by age and sex.
• The graphical technique used to summarise age structure is the population pyramid.
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Interpreting Pop Pyramids
Start at the base – what has happened recently?
Next go to the top – how long do people live for?
Then look at the middle – are there any age groups that stand out? Long / short bars?
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Dependent Population
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Dependent Population
• The dependency ratio is directly linked to a country’s age structure.
• To calculate it, the population is split into economically active (15-64) and inactive (0-14 and 65+)
• Dependency ratio is calculated as a % using:
Number of economically active Number of non-economically active
X 100
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How has the population structure of the UK changed over time?
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How has the population structure of the UK changed over time?
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How has the population structure of the UK changed over time?
Male Female
Population in millions
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How has the population structure of the UK changed over time?
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Population Structure of the UK
• Write a case study to describe how and why the population structure of the UK has changed from 1841-1981.
• Use annotated sketches of population pyramids to help you.
• P172-173
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MEDW vs LEDW
• The shape of a population pyramid gives a clear indication of the development status of a country and can therefore be linked with countries in the MEDW or the LEDW.
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LEDW
This country has a high BR – the pyramid has a
wide base
But it also has a high DR – shown
by the steeply sloping pyramid
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Falling BR
In some LEDCs, the Government is
encouraging families to have fewer children so
the BR is falling – the base is becoming narrower.
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MEDW
Male Female
Population in millions
Low DR – pyramid is wider at the top
The largest group of people was born
around 40 years ago – ‘baby boomers’.
There are roughly the same amount of people in each age
category – BR is stable.
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Declining population
BR is falling – the number of people in each category is
getting smaller
In the future the elderly population will make up the largest section of the population – an
ageing population
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MEDW vs LEDW
Male Female
Population in millions
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Population Structure and the DTM
• The shape of a population pyramid gives a clear indication of the development status of a country and can therefore be linked with a particular stage of the DTM
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/education/geog/population/
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Activity
• Using P174-175• Sketch population pyramid for each stage of
the DTM• Give reasons for the changes
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