POPULATIONPOPULATION

Human Population Growth• 20,000 years ago- Neanderthals are extinct

– Human population is 10,000

• 10,000 years ago- Agricultural Revolution– Human population is 5 million

• 1650 AD - Pre-Industrial Revolution– Human population is 500 million

• 1850 AD - During the Industrial Revolution– Human population is 1.27 billion

Earth’s population today is

7,114,030,119

Seven Billion, one hundred fourteen million, thirty thousand, one hundred and nineteen

Most Populous countries1. China

– 1,349,585,838

2. India– 1,220,800,359

3. United States– 316,668,567

4. Indonesia– 251,160,124

5. Brazil– 201,009,662

Earth’s PopulationA. Population growth

1. The development of better agriculture brought the first important increases in population growth.2. The Industrial Revolution brought a higher standard of living (SOL) than ever before and further increased population growth, especially in Europe.3. Population growth rates generally decrease when the level of industrialization increases.4. According to demographer’s research there are five distinct stages of population growth.5. Demographers use graphs called population pyramids to forecast population growth.

How to change the population

• Birth Rates- The amount of births

• Death Rates- The amount of deaths

• If the birth rate is higher than the death rate the population increases

• If the death rate is higher the population decreases

• War, disease, poverty can affect the death rate

• Prosperity, education level, and availability of health care can affect birth rates

Stages of Population Growth

• STAGE ONE– High BR/DR– No countries in this

stage. – War/famine, etc., if

extreme, can bring a country back to this stage

• STAGE TWO– High BR and falling DR– Found in the less

developed countries in L. America, Africa South of the Sahara, Asia.

– Problems: short food supplies, and high unemployment.

http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/ipc/idbpyrs.pl?cty=KE&out=d&ymax=250&submit=Submit+Query

• STAGE THREE– Falling BR/low DR –

slow population growth– People’s Republic of

China– http://www.census.gov/

cgi-bin/ipc/idbpyrs.pl?cty=CH&out=d&ymax=300&submit=Submit+Query

• STAGE FOUR– Low BR/DR - little or

no growth– Have zero population

growth (ZPG)– Developed countries in

Europe, Japan, Canada, Australia

– US is moving into this stage.

– http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/ipc/idbpyrs.pl?cty=CA&out=d&ymax=300&submit=Submit+Query

• STAGE FIVE– Very low BR/low DR– Negative growth– Countries – Germany,

Sweden, Norway, Italy.

http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/ipc/idbpyrs.pl?cty=IT&out=d&ymax=300&submit=Submit+Query

Draw the shapes of the pyramids and write under the different pyramids if it is Stage 2, 3, 4, or 5.

Stage 5 Stage 2

Stage 3 Stage 4

What stage is the United States in?

1) Eastern Asia – has the greatest concentration of people on Earth – it is centered in China – 21% of Earth’s population.

2) Southern Asia – is the second largest concentration of

people – it is centered in India – 16% of the Earth’s pop.

3) Western Europe – is the third largest concentration.

Western Europe – people are concentrated near natural resources needed for industry.

4) East Central North America - fourth largest center concentrated in the NE US and SE Canada.

In the US, the chain of cities start from the city of Boston to south of Washington DC.

-This is called a megalopolis.

1.World Population Numbers

Africa – 12% of the Earth’s population.

Largest cluster of people found in the Nile River Valley.

Cairo is the largest city in Africa.

South America – is lightly populated compared with other continents. Patterns of people live along the edges of the continent – SE Buenos Aires in Argentina, Montevideo in Uruguay, and Rio de Janeiro and Recife in Brazil.

*12 of the top 20 cities of the world are found in Latin America.*

Australia has the fewest number of people.

They are concentrated along the eastern and southern coasts.

(17.5 million people total on the entire continent. – as much as the NYC metro area)

3. Population DensityPopulation density tells you how concentrated the numbers of people are in an area. It makes it possible to compare areas of different size and population all over the world.

Population Issues

A. The population explosion has raised such issues as •how to increase food supplies, •how to make better use of farmland, •how to improve eating habits and to take advantage of resources,•and how to find new sources of food.

1. Food Supplya) More than 13 million to 18 million people die each year because they do not have a good diet. (35,000 a day; 24 a minute – most are children)b) The rate of population growth was more than the amount of food produced.c) Scientists feel that countries that do not have enough food must speed up their own production.

B. More land is needed for agriculture

C. Efficient eating habits is needed

D. Productive farming methods

1. More productive farming techniques

2. Using new food sources

E. New sources of food

1. Today 90% of the world’s food comes from 15 crops and 7 livestock animals.

2. There are more than 10 million kinds of plants and animals on Earth.

Natural Resource Supplies

A. Certain resources are in limited supply.

B. Fresh water is one basic resource that is being threatened. Major problem after the year 2000 and will continue to be one.

1. Irrigate lands (why use fresh water?)

2. Has become polluted and no longer a renewable resource.

Population Control

There are at least three more people in the world now than there were when you began reading this sentence…

A. People believe that the solution to food shortages and dwindling natural resources is to reduce population growth. (Let’s look at a theory developed during the Industrial Revolution about population control.)

B. Less Developed countries (LDC) have resisted population control. People honor traditional values and strong religious beliefs that do not allow them to practice birth control.

C. China enforced its one-child policy in the late 1970s to avoid a famine in the future. They will have this policy in effect for 100 years. Has this been successful for them? How were they able to enforce such a law?

MigrationA. People move because of either

economic or political reasons (“Push-Pull” forces) – they are push from a bad situation and pulled to a good situation.

B. People also move from the countryside (rural) to urban areas – and from less developed to developed countries. This places a huge demand on the country’s or city’s economy and infrastructure.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sc4HxPxNrZ0&feature=player_embeddedLet’s Review: