population flow overviewiraqdtm.iom.int/files/remap/2020413336802_cross_border...during this period,...

1

DTM Iraq conducts data collection at the border crossing points with neighboring countries – the Islamic Republic of Iran, Turkey and the Syrian Arab Republic – to better understand migration movement in the Middle East. This data collection activity is part of the Regional Evidence for Migration Analysis and Policy (REMAP) project, targeting Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Iran, Iraq and Pakistan. The data for this report was gathered through counting exercises that took place at five border crossing points during the months of November and December 2019. Please see more details on methodology on page 7.

Map 1: Assessed and selected border crossing points

This map and all other maps in this report are for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on maps do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM.

The border crossing points were selected based on observations conducted in May 2019 by IOM’s Rapid Assessment and Response Teams (RARTs). Out of 16 locations assessed, 5 border crossing points were selected for data collection: Ibrahim Al-Khalil on the border with Turkey, Fishkhabour on the border with the Syrian Arab Republic and Bashmagh, Zurbatiyah (Wassit Terminal) and Al-Shalamcha on the border with the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Anbar

Najaf

Muthanna

Ninewa

Erbil

Diyala

Wassit

Basrah

Missan

Salah al-Din

Thi-Qar

Kirkuk Sulaymaniyah

Dahuk

Kerbala

Baghdad

Babylon

TURKEY

JORDAN

SAUDI ARABIA

KUWAIT

A r a

b i a

n G u l f

Al-Rutba

Najaf

Al-Salman

Baiji

Hatra

Kut

HeetAna

Al-Ka'im

Ra'ua

Al-Ba'aj

Ramadi

Amara

Al-Zubair

Sinjar

Baladrooz

Badra

Mosul

Falluja

Kifri

Afaq

Telafar

Haditha

Erbil

TikritTooz

Akre

Khanaqin

Soran

Nassriya

Daquq

Al-Daur

Kalar

Al-Rifa'i

Amedi

Makhmur

Al-Hai

Fao

Hamza

Balad

Al-Hawiga

Al-Azezia

Samarra

Zakho

Sumel

Koisnjaq

Tilkaif

Al-Thethar

Hashimiya

Kirkuk

Kerbala

Ali Al-Gharbi

Chamchamal

Dokan

Diwaniya

Al-Maimouna

Al-Qurna

Al-Shatra

Al-Khidhir

Al-Mahawil

Halabja

Pshdar

Sharbazher

Shaqlawa

Sulaymaniya

Al-C

hiba

yish

Dabes

Al-Suwaira

Al-Rumaitha

Basrah

Mergasur

Al-Fares

Dahuk

Al-Khalis

Rania

Al-Shirqat

Penjwin

Al-Midaina

Al-Hamdaniya

Ain Al-Tamur

Al-Shikhan

Al-Kahla

Kufa

Suq

Al-S

hoyo

kh

Al-Arab

Al-Na'maniya

Hilla

Qal'at Saleh

Choman

Al-Samawa

Abu Al-Khaseeb

Al-Hindiya

Ba'quba

Al-Mejar Al-Kabir

Al-Shamiya

Al-Manathera

Darbandikhan

ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

IBRAHIM AL- KHALIL

32,958 Travellers4,610 Vehicles

BASHMAGH

10,139 Travellers342 Vehicles

ZURBATIYAH(WASSIT TERMINAL)

8,454 Travellers562 Vehicles

FISHKHABOUR


AL-SHALAMCHA


Qadissiya

BORDER CROSSING POINTS

Governorate boundary

District boundary

Country boundary

Selected border crossing points

Assessed border crossing points

Temporarily closed

Rubiya

Sarzari

Kele

Siran Bin

ShushmePshta

Parwez KhanMuntheriyah

Al-Sheeb

Erbil TerminalErbil TerminalAl-Faw

CROSS-BORDER MONITORING

POPULATION FLOW OVERVIEWDATA COLLECTION PERIOD: NOVEMBER 2019 – JANUARY 2020 MARCH 2020

CROSS-BORDER MONITORING DATA COLLECTED: NOVEMBER 2019

IOM IRAQ2

61+39+B61%

39% Total

32,958

DTM Iraq conducts data collection at the Ibrahim Al-Khalil border crossing point, which borders Turkey, to better understand migration movement in the Middle East as a part of the Regional Evidence for Migration Analysis and Policy (REMAP) project. At the Ibrahim Al-Khalil point, data collection took place from 4 November to 23 November 2019, five days per week from 8:30 am to 5:00 pm.

BORDER POINT PROFILE

IBRAHIM AL-KHALILBORDERING COUNTRY: TURKEY

Figure 3. Number of travellers by type of flow during the day (8:30-5:00)

Figure 2. Percentage of travellers by means of transportation

Figure 1. Number and percentage of travellers by type of flow

Figure 4. Average number of travellers by type of flow and day of the week

16+84+Q45+55+N45%

16%

Minibus 28+72+Q18+82+N18%

28%Car 15+85+Q7+93+N7%

15%

Taxi41+59+Q30+70+N30%

41%

Bus

● Incoming

● Outgoing

1+99+Q1+99+N0%

0%

On Foot

Incoming

20,104

Outgoing

12,854

2,415Average number of

travellers per weekend day

2,118Average number of

travellers per weekday

4,610Total number of

vehicles

3072,197Average number of travellers per day


travellers

The number of incoming travellers is higher than the number of outgoing travellers for this border crossing point, with peaks from about 9:00 am – 12:00 pm and 2:00 – 5:00 pm. The outgoing flow tends to have peaks from about 9:00 – 10:00 am.

During this period, the Ibrahim Al-Khalil border crossing point witnessed a large flow of travellers. DTM identified 32,958 individuals crossing the Ibrahim Al-Khalil border point from 4–23 November, with 20,104 of them entering Iraq after being abroad (incoming flow) and 12,854 individuals exiting Iraq to another country (outgoing flow). On average, the border crossing point was used by 2,197 travellers per day (combining incoming and outgoing flows) and 307 vehicles (including private cars, taxis, buses and minibuses). The average number of travellers per day during weekends was higher than during weekdays. The main means of transport for both types of flow were buses, minibuses and private cars.

Average number of vehicles per day

951

2,3062,616

2,795

2,1221,857

2,420 2,314

2,723

736

2,2321,916

1,5131,368

1,202 1,3001,104

1,483

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00

1,2911,475

826 941

2,118

2,415

Weekdays Weekends (Friday and Saturday)

Incoming Outgoing Both flows combined

317

336

475

259 281

84201

414

250137

8552

14

9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00 -11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-4:00

114101

84

116

198217

Weekdays Weekends (Saturday)

346 317300

603646

920


872

200

485

632712

447

627

632585

410

301

759841

594

445

663 532

402

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00- 3:59 4:00-5:00

108

479

656

581

313

610562

230

576

853

601

752

477

676 686

294

9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00

226263

354

255

580518


254305

243

187

497 492


118

354

560

685

238

235

412482

624

154

523

687

476

109

303

292368

325

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00 -12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00


IOM IRAQ3

DATA COLLECTED: DECEMBER 2019 – JANUARY 2020

56+44+B56%

44% Total

2,608

DTM Iraq conducts data collection at the Fishkhabour unofficial border crossing point, which borders the Syrian Arab Republic, to better understand migration movement in the Middle East as a part of the Regional Evidence for Migration Analysis and Policy (REMAP) project. At the Fishkhabour point, data collection took place from 16 December 2019 to 4 January 2020, five days per week during official working hours from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm.


FISHKHABOUR BORDERING COUNTRY: THE SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC





Incoming

1,455

Outgoing

1,153

217Average number of





vehicles

79201Average number of travellers per day


travellers

The number of incoming travellers is higher than the number of outgoing travellers for this border crossing point, with peaks from about 11:00 am – 1:00 pm. The outgoing flow tends to have peaks from about 10:00 – 11:00 am.

During this period, the Fishkhabour border crossing point witnessed a relatively low flow of travellers. DTM identified 2,608 individuals crossing the Fishkhabour border point from 16 December to 4 January, with 1,455 of them entering Iraq after being abroad (incoming flow) and 1,153 individuals exiting Iraq to another country (outgoing flow). On average, the border crossing point was used by 201 travellers per day (combining incoming and outgoing flows) and 79 vehicles (private car, taxi, bus and minibus). The average number of travellers per day during weekends was higher than during weekdays, although the border crossing point is open on Saturdays and closed on Fridays. The main means of transport for both types of flow were minibuses, private cars and taxis.


51+49+Q56++N56%

51%

Minibus 37+63+Q31+69+N31%

37%

Car 12+88+Q9+91+N9%12%

Taxi1+99+Q4+96+N4%

0%

Bus

● Incoming

● Outgoing

1+99+Q1+99+N0%

0%

On Foot

951

2,3062,616

2,795

2,1221,857

2,420 2,314

2,723

736

2,2321,916

1,5131,368

1,202 1,3001,104

1,483

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00

1,2911,475

826 941

2,118

2,415



317

336

475

259 281

84201

414

250137

8552

14

9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00 -11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-4:00

114101

84

116

198217


346 317300

603646

920


872

200

485

632712

447

627

632585

410

301

759841

594

445

663 532

402

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00- 3:59 4:00-5:00

108

479

656

581

313

610562

230

576

853

601

752

477

676 686

294

9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00

226263

354

255

580518


254305

243

187

497 492


118

354

560

685

238

235

412482

624

154

523

687

476

109

303

292368

325

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00 -12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00


IOM IRAQ4

DATA COLLECTED: NOVEMBER – DECEMBER 2019

53+47+B47%53%Total

10,139

DTM Iraq conducts data collection at the Bashmagh border crossing point, which borders the Islamic Republic of Iran, in order to better understand migration movement in the Middle East as a part of the Regional Evidence for Migration Analysis and Policy (REMAP) project. At the Bashmagh point, data collection took place from 12 November to 7 December 2019, five days per week from 8:30 am to 5:00 pm. During this period, the Bashmagh border crossing point witnessed a large flow of travellers.


BASHMAGH BORDERING COUNTRY: THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN





Incoming

4,370

Outgoing

5,409





342Total number of

vehicles



travellers

The number of outgoing travellers is higher than the number of incoming travellers for this border crossing point, with peaks from about 9:00 am – 12:00 pm and 2:00 – 3:00 pm. The outgoing flow tends to have peaks from about 10:00 am – 12:00 pm.

DTM identified 10,139 individuals crossing the Bashmagh border point from 12 November – 7 December, with 4,730 of them entering Iraq after being abroad (incoming flow) and 5,409 individuals exiting Iraq to another country (outgoing flow). On average, the border crossing point was used by 724 travellers per day (combining incoming and outgoing flows) and 24 vehicles (mostly private cars). The average number of travellers per day during weekends was higher than during weekdays. Most travellers cross this border point on foot, with only a few crossings by private car.


1+99+Q1+99+N0%

0%

Minibus 5+72+Q7+93+N7%

5%

Car 1+85+Q1+93+N0%

0%

Taxi1+99+Q1+99+N0%

0%

Bus

● Incoming

● Outgoing

95+5+Q93+7+N93%

95%

On Foot

951

2,3062,616

2,795

2,1221,857

2,420 2,314

2,723

736

2,2321,916

1,5131,368

1,202 1,3001,104

1,483

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00

1,2911,475

826 941

2,118

2,415



317

336

475

259 281

84201

414

250137

8552

14

9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00 -11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-4:00

114101

84

116

198217


346 317300

603646

920


872

200

485

632712

447

627

632585

410

301

759841

594

445

663 532

402

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00- 3:59 4:00-5:00

108

479

656

581

313

610562

230

576

853

601

752

477

676 686

294

9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00

226263

354

255

580518


254305

243

187

497 492


118

354

560

685

238

235

412482

624

154

523

687

476

109

303

292368

325

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00 -12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00


IOM IRAQ5

42+58+B42%

58%

Total

8,454

DTM Iraq conducts data collection at the Wassit Terminal border crossing point, which borders the Islamic Republic of Iran, in order to better understand migration movement in the Middle East as a part of the Regional Evidence for Migration Analysis and Policy (REMAP) project. At the Wassit Terminal point, data collection took place from 4 November to 23 November 2019, five days per week from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm. During this period, the Wassit Terminal border crossing point witnessed a relatively large flow of travellers.


ZURBATIYAH - WASSIT TERMINAL BORDERING COUNTRY: THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN





Incoming

3,539

Outgoing

4,915





562Total number of

vehicles



travellers

The number of outgoing travellers is higher than the number of incoming travellers for this border crossing point, with peaks from about 10:00 – 11:00 am, 12:00 – 1:00 pm and 2:00 – 4:00 pm. The incoming flow tends to have peaks from about 10:00 am – 12:00 pm and 2:00 – 4:00 pm.

DTM identified 8,454 individuals crossing the Wassit Terminal border point from 4–23 November, with 3,539 of them entering Iraq after being abroad (incoming flow) and 4,915 individuals exiting Iraq to another country (outgoing flow). On average, the border crossing point was used by 564 travellers per day (combining incoming and outgoing flows) and 37 vehicles (private cars, taxis, buses and minibuses). The average number of travellers per day during weekdays was higher than during weekends. The main means of transport for incoming flow were minibuses, buses, taxis and small portion of travellers crossed on foot. Most outgoing travellers crossed by busses.


7+93+Q32+68+N32%

7%

Minibus 2+98+Q4+96+N4%

2%

Car 10+85+Q11+89+N11%

10%

Taxi76+24+Q37+63+N37%

76%

Bus

● Incoming

● Outgoing

5+95+Q6+94+N16%

5%

On Foot

951

2,3062,616

2,795

2,1221,857

2,420 2,314

2,723

736

2,2321,916

1,5131,368

1,202 1,3001,104

1,483

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00

1,2911,475

826 941

2,118

2,415



317

336

475

259 281

84201

414

250137

8552

14

9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00 -11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-4:00

114101

84

116

198217


346 317300

603646

920


872

200

485

632712

447

627

632585

410

301

759841

594

445

663 532

402

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00- 3:59 4:00-5:00

108

479

656

581

313

610562

230

576

853

601

752

477

676 686

294

9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00

226263

354

255

580518


254305

243

187

497 492


118

354

560

685

238

235

412482

624

154

523

687

476

109

303

292368

325

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00 -12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00


IOM IRAQ6

53+47+B53%47%Total

6,945

DTM Iraq conducts data collection at the Al-Shalamcha border crossing point, which borders the Islamic Republic of Iran, in order to better understand migration movement in the Middle East as a part of the Regional Evidence for Migration Analysis and Policy (REMAP) project. At the Al-Shalamcha point, data collection took place from 5 November to 30 November 2019, five days per week from 8:30 am to 5:00 pm. During this period, the Al-Shalamcha border crossing point witnessed a relatively large flow of travellers.


AL-SHALAMCHA BORDERING COUNTRY: THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN





Incoming

3,708

Outgoing

3,237






vehicles



travellers

The number of incoming travellers is slightly higher than the number of outgoing travellers for this border crossing point, with peaks from 9:00 – 11:00 am. The outgoing flow tends to have peaks from 10:00 am – 12:00 pm.

DTM identified 6,945 individuals crossing the Al-Shalamcha border point between 5–30 November, with 3,708 of them entering Iraq after being abroad (incoming flow) and 3,237 individuals exiting Iraq to another country (outgoing flow). On average, the border crossing point was used by 496 travellers per day (combining incoming and outgoing flows) and 151 vehicles (private cars, taxis, buses and minibuses). The average number of travellers per day during weekdays and weekends are roughly equivalent. The main means of transport for both types of flows were taxis, minibuses and private cars.


33+67+Q28+68+N28%

33%

Minibus 29+71+Q27+73+N27%29%

Car 35+65+Q44+56+N44% 35%

Taxi3+24+Q1+63+N1%

3%

Bus

● Incoming

● Outgoing

1+95+Q1+99+N0%

0%

On Foot

951

2,3062,616

2,795

2,1221,857

2,420 2,314

2,723

736

2,2321,916

1,5131,368

1,202 1,3001,104

1,483

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00

1,2911,475

826 941

2,118

2,415



317

336

475

259 281

84201

414

250137

8552

14

9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00 -11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-4:00

114101

84

116

198217


346 317300

603646

920


872

200

485

632712

447

627

632585

410

301

759841

594

445

663 532

402

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00- 3:59 4:00-5:00

108

479

656

581

313

610562

230

576

853

601

752

477

676 686

294

9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00-12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00

226263

354

255

580518


254305

243

187

497 492


118

354

560

685

238

235

412482

624

154

523

687

476

109

303

292368

325

8:30-8:59 9:00-9:59 10:00-10:59 11:00-11:59 12:00 -12:59 1:00-1:59 2:00-2:59 3:00-3:59 4:00-5:00


7

© 2020 International Organization for Migration (IOM)

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher.

METHODOLOGY

The data for this report was gathered through counting exercises that took place at five border crossing points during the months of November and December 2019. Counting was run continuously as a stand-alone activity for a period of 13–15 days over the course of 3 weeks, on 5 days per week from 8:30 am to 5:00 pm and repeated periodically during the year to check and adjust data collection to seasonal variations.

The border crossing points were selected based on observations conducted in May 2019 by IOM’s Rapid Assessment and Response Teams (RARTs).1 Specific criteria were used to select the border crossing points: 1) high volume of daily crossings leading to border countries; 2) diversity, both geographical and type (official/unofficial border points, bus stations, etc.); and 3) ability of staff to reach and operate from the location for daily data collection and fund optimization.

Out of 16 locations assessed, 5 border crossing points were selected for data collection:

• Ibrahim Al-Khalil in Dahuk Governorate on the border with Turkey;

• Fishkhabour in Dahuk Governorate on the border with the Syrian Arab Republic;

• Bashmagh in Sulaymaniyah Governorate on the border with the Islamic Republic of Iran;

• Zurbatiyah (Wassit Terminal) in Wassit Governorate on the border with the Islamic Republic of Iran;

• Al-Shalamcha in Basrah Governorate on the border with the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The counting exercise aims to enumerate all individuals crossing national borders and to identify the total volume of travellers who enter Iraq after being abroad (incoming flow) and travellers who exit Iraq to another country (outgoing flow). Counting was conducted by observation, using tablets to record the type of flow (incoming/outgoing), the time of crossing (hour, day, minutes) and the number of travellers by means of transport (whether by private car, taxi, bus or minibus – up to 15 seats). Counting was conducted continuously for a period of 13–15 days over the course of 3 weeks, 5 days per week from 8:30 am to 5:00 pm with a lunch break of 30 minutes between 12:30 pm and 2:00 pm. Counting was conducted separately for incoming and outgoing flows during weekdays and weekends (Friday and Saturday), with a random selection of days for data collection. Data is collected through IOM’s enumerators, composed of over 14 staff members deployed across Iraq (35% of enumerators are female).

Data presented in this report is representative of the individuals crossing at each of the selected border points separately between 8:30 am and 5:00 pm. Data should not be generalized and does not represent a full picture of inter and intra-regional migration, but rather of migration flows at the specific border points monitored. Data collected in assessed border points should not lead to assumptions about flows in non-assessed border points or areas without monitoring points.

DISCLAIMER

The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout the report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IOM concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning its frontiers or boundaries. IOM is committed to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society. As an intergovernmental organization, IOM acts with its partners in the international community to: assist in the meeting of operational challenges of migration; advance understanding of migration issues; encourage social and economic development through migration; and uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants.

1 Please refer to the methodological note for more details. Available online at: http://iraqdtm.iom.int/

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