political geography
DESCRIPTION
Political Geography. By: Emily, Allie, Olivia, and Kaleb. I can explain the difference between physical and cultural boundaries of States: . -Physical boundaries influence identity of a population by limiting interaction. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Political Geography
![Page 3: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
I can explain the difference between
physical and cultural boundaries
of States:
![Page 4: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
-Physical boundaries influence identity of a population by limiting interaction. -Cultural boundary influence separation of cultural groups due to differences in their beliefs. One example is religion.
![Page 5: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
I can explain the influences of
boundaries on identity,
interaction, and exchange:
![Page 6: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
-Physical boundaries are determined by significant features of the landscape. Some physical boundaries include deserts or
mountains. Transportation becomes impossible or highly dangerous.
-Cultural boundaries prevent social groups from mixing due to fear of losing their cultural values to the influences of
another culture.
![Page 7: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
I can identify and differentiate
between state, State, and nation-
state:
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-state: An area that is organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government that has control over its internal and foreign affairs (Ex: Wisconsin, Idaho, etc.)-State: A land area much larger than a state that still has boundaries along with cultural and physical differences. (Ex: Russia, Canada, China, etc.)-Nation state: A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has transformed into a nationality. There are no perfect examples, but Denmark is a close one.
![Page 9: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
I can explain how the
contemporary political pattern evolved through colonization and
imperialism:
![Page 10: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
-Colonialism is the establishment of settlements in a territory and imposition of a colonizer's political,
economic, and cultural principles. Ex: European colonies that were established to
promote Christianity -Imperialism is the control of a territory that is
occupied and organized by an indigenous society
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I can explain democratization and how it affected the evolution of the contemporary
political pattern:
![Page 12: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
-Democratization occurs when a political system becomes democratic, or equal for all.
![Page 13: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
I can explain the changing
nature of sovereignty:
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-Sovereignty- A state's independence from control of its internal affairs by other
states, to sustain the production of cash crops for external consumption and export.
![Page 15: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
I can explain and discuss how
fragmentation, unification, and
alliances challenge political-territorial
arrangements:
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-Fragmentation: The breaking apart of a country or region.
-Unification: The coming together or countries or regions usually toward a mutual benefit.
-Alliances: The befriending of two or more countries.
This usually benefits both sides of the friendship.
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I can explain supranationalism and devolution:
![Page 18: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
-Supranationalism: three or more countries that create an alliance for their benefit such as economic, cultural or political. (Ex: NAFTA, EU, UN)-Devolution: The division/separation of a country due to internal problems. (Ex: the breakdown of the Soviet Union)
![Page 20: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
-Gerrymandering is the (illegal) process in which
legislative boundaries are redrawn by the political
party in charge of the state legislature in order to benefit themselves
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I can describe three States who support terrorism and their
methods of support:
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-Afghanistan: Sheltered Osama Bin Laden and other Al-Quaeda terrorists
-Libya: Sponsored many terrorist attacks. Ex: Nightclub in Berlin,
Germany.-Iran: Provided sanctuary to known
terrorists
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VOCAB:
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State
![Page 25: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Imperialism
![Page 26: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
European Union
![Page 27: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Devolution
![Page 28: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Terrorism
![Page 29: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
State
• an area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government with control over its internal and foreign affairs
• EX: US• EX: Canada
![Page 30: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Imperialism
• control of territory already occupied and organized by an indigenous group
• EX Soviet Union• EX: Apartheid in Africa
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European Union
• An economic and political associated of certain European countries with internal free trade and common external tariffs
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Devolution
• the transfer of power to a lower level, central government to local
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Terrorism
• the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims
• EX: 911• EX: Warship USS Cole
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Exclave
![Page 35: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Enclave
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Balance of Powers
![Page 37: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Gerrymandering
![Page 38: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Federal State
![Page 39: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Exclave
• A portion of territory of one state that is detached from the motherland
• EX: Alaska• EX: Kaliningrad (Russia)
![Page 40: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Enclave
• a portion of territory within or surrounded by a larger territory whose inhabitants are culturally or ethnically distinct
![Page 41: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Balance of Powers
• condition off roughly equal strength between opposing countries or alliances of countries
![Page 42: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Gerrymandering
• the process of redrawing legislative boundaries or the purpose of benefiting the party in power
• EX: Illinois District 4
![Page 43: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Federal State
• an internal organization of a state that allocates most peers to units of local government
• EX: US• EX: Switzerland
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Unitary State
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Frontier
![Page 46: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Supranationalism
![Page 47: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
United Nations
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Landlocked State
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Unitary State
• An internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials
• EX: United Kingdom• EX: Republic of France
![Page 50: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Frontier
• a zone separating two states in which neither state exercises political control
• EX: The Great Lakes
![Page 51: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Supranationalism
• an alliance involving 3 or more countries for their mutual benefits such as economic, cultural, political, or military help
• EX: NATO• EX: OPEC
![Page 52: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
United Nations
• an international organization of countries set up in 1945
• after the League of Nations, to promote international peace, security, and economic development
![Page 53: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Landlocked State
• a state that does not have a direct outlet to the sea
• EX: KY• EX: Bolivia
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Fragmented State
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Prorupted State
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Perforated State
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Elongated State
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Compact State
![Page 59: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Fragmented State
• a state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory
• EX: US• EX: Denmark
![Page 60: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Prorupted State
• an otherwise compact state with a large projecting extension
• EX: Thailand• EX: Burma
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Perforated State
• a state that completely surrounded another one
• EX: Italy• EX: South Africa
![Page 62: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Elongated State
• a state with a long, narrow state• EX: California• EX: Chile
![Page 63: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Compact State
• a state in which the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly
• EX: Botswana• EX: Zimbabwe
![Page 64: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Boundary
![Page 65: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Colonialism
![Page 66: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Microstates
![Page 67: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Nation-State
![Page 68: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Colony
![Page 69: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Boundary
• Invisible line that marks the extent of a state's territory
• EX: US-Canada• EX: US-Mexico
![Page 70: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Colonialism•an attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory•EX: Europe in Asia•EX: Europe in Africa
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Colony• a territory that is legally tied to a sovereign state
rather than completely independent• EX: 13 British Colonies that started the US
• EX: Brazil
![Page 72: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
•Microstates• a state the encompasses a very small
land area• EX: Andorra• EX: Vatican City
![Page 73: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
•Nation-State• a state whose territory corresponds to
that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality
• EX: Iceland• EX: Japan
![Page 74: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Sovereignty
![Page 75: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Physical boundaries
![Page 76: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Cultural boundaries
![Page 77: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
NAFTA
![Page 78: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
• Sovereignty• the ability of a state to govern its territory
free of control of its internal affairs by on other states• EX: Australia• EX: US
![Page 79: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
• Physical boundaries• a natural phenomena that limits the intermingling of two groups of people
• EX: Mountains• EX: Rivers
![Page 80: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
• Cultural boundaries• the tendency of different people to avoid one another due to conflicting
beliefs• EX: India and Pakistan
![Page 81: Political Geography](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081502/56816511550346895dd78a18/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
•NAFTA•North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement•It joined US, Canada, and Mexico forming
one of the world’s three main industrial regions