POISONING IN CHILDREN

Prof. Dr. S. Soundararajan MD(S), BLPRINCIPAL

Govt. Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai, Tamilnadu.

CLASSIFICATION OF POISON

Corrosive Poisons1

2

3

4

5

6

Irritant Poisons

Neurotoxic Poisons

Cardiac Poisons

Gasous/Asphyxiants Poisons

Misellaneous

• Mineral acids- Sulphuric acid, Nitric acid, Hydrochloric acid

• Organic acids-Oxalic acid, Carbolic acid, acetic acid, Salicylic

acid• Vegetable acids

-Hydrochloric acid

• Alkalis-Caustic Potash soda, Ammonium hydroxide

CORROSIVE POISONS

IRRITANT POISONS

• Inorganic PoisonsMETALIC -Phosphorous, Bromide, Iodine etcNON-METALIC –Arsenic, Antimony, Mercury, Lead, Cu, Zn, Mg..

• Organic PoisonsVEGITABLES – Abrus Precatorius, Colocynthis, Ergot, Calotropis, Semicarpus, Croton tinglium, Ricinnus communis, Pulmbago zylanica etc.ANIMALS –Arsenic, Antimony, Mercury, Lead, Cu, Zn, Mg..

• Mechanical Poisons- Powdered glass Pins, Needles, Chopped Hair etc.

NEUROTOXIC POISONS

CEREBRAL

a) Somniferous –Opium & Morphineb) Inebriants –Alcohol, Anaesthetics,

Sedatives, Hypnotic etc.c) Deliriants –Datura, Atropa bellodona,

Cannabis, Coccianed) Spinal – Strychnine.

CARDIAC POISONS Digitalis Oleander Aconitine Nicotine

ASPYXIANTS & GASEOUS

Carbon Monoxide Carbon Dioxide Hydrogen sulphide War gases

MISELLANEOUS

Insecticides, Organo-Phosporous compounds, Common house hold Poisons.

• Domestic House hold poisonsBaby powder, Marking Ink, Crayons, Wax, Cosmetics - Nail polish, Shoe polish

• Therapeutic House-hold PoisonsAntiseptics, Cough Remedies/Tonics, Syrups

• Garden PoisonsFungicides, Insecticides, Herbicides

TOXIC STATE - Children's

Pleasant Smell/odour Attractive colors

ACCIDENTAL

HOMICIDAL

REASONS

CARELESSNESS

Corrosive Poisons

• Used for Industrial Scientific & domestic purposes.

• Consume it by Mistake• India Incidence - 3 to 5%

EFFECTS OF CORROSIVESBurning pain Blood stained vomiting

Dyspnoea Laryngeal oedema Oesophagus & Pulmonary oedema Strinctare of laryngeal, esophagus

Irritant Poisons

• Consume it by Mistake• India Incidence – 17%• Accidental – Unawareness of

People, Attractiveness, Bright color, Pleasant smell, Illitereracy, Carelessess

• Scorpion Bite is dangerous to children• Leads fatal conditions

Neurotoxic Poisons

• 3 to 5 % of children in Accidental

• Cocaine, Hydrocarbons, Alcohol etc.

Cardiac Poisons

• Very Rare poisoning

• This group consists of different actions

Eg- Common house hold

poison 1) Domestic

2) Therapeutic3) Garden Poisons

Miscellaneous Poisons

Domestic Poisons

BABIES Baby powder Insecticide spray Maring Ink

CHILDRENS Crayon (Chalk & wax) Fireworks Nail polish Lotions Dish wash Rat poisons Sanitary Cleaning solvents Furniture polish Shoe polish

Miscellaneous Poisons

Therapeutic Poisons

AntisepticsAnalgesicsAnti-pyreticsCough remediesTonics

Miscellaneous Poisons

Garden Poisons

Fungicides InsecticidesHerbicides

Miscellaneous Poisons

Gen. Symp & Sign of Poisoning

Baby powder, Marking Ink, Crayons, Wax, Cosmetics - Nail polish, Shoe polish