please get out your thinking map homework please read the board
TRANSCRIPT
Please get out your thinking map
homeworkPlease read the board
Build more dams – trap it upstreamUse more groundwaterTransfer water – pipe it long distancesDesalinate water – take the salt out of sea
water◦ Reverse osmosis◦ Distillation – boiling, then trapping the fresh
steamConserve water
5 Ways to increase water availability
Texas’ Colorado River
Thinking map
Build more dams – trap it upstreamUse more groundwaterTransfer water – pipe it long distancesDesalinate water – take the salt out of sea
water◦ Reverse osmosis◦ Distillation – boiling, then trapping the fresh
steamConserve water
5 Ways to increase water availability (sustainably?????)
Dams - How they work
Texas’ ONLY natural lake – Caddo Lake
Three Gorges DamYangtze River, ChinaOne of the world’s
largest power plantsDisplaced 1.3 million
people and flooded cultural/archeological sites
Controls flooding downstream
Aswan High Dam - Egypt
DamsAdvantages
Disadvantages
Use more groundwater
Use more Groundwater – Ogallala
Advantages
Disadvantages
Well, DUH!!!!
Reverse osmosis
Reverse osmosis
Distillation
Desalination in TejasCity of Seminole
ProjectCost: $1, 625, 000Desalinating
brackish groundwater from Dockum Aquifer using wind-power.
California Water Transfer project
Too much to say! We’ll save it for Friday!
Two major topics:Water SUPPLYWater POLLUTANTS
clean water
Pollutant of the Day!Pathogens
World Health Organization Statistics:
Concerns: Improvements:
2.6 billion people do not have adequately clean water
rural habitants are 5 times less likely to use improved drinking water than those in urban centers.
84% of the population in developing regions are using an improved source;
in 2000, 1 billion more people used such a source than in 1990.
UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication
One out of four urban dwellers does not have access to improved sanitation facilities.
90% of all waste water in developing countries is discharged untreated, polluting rivers, lakes and seas.
Every day, 2 million tons of sewage and other effluents drain into the world's waters
Lake Conroe and Lake Houston:E. Coli bacteria – double the limit set by state
Other Bacterial pathogensTyphoid – diarrhea, severe vomiting, inflamed
intestinesCholera – diarrhea, severe vomitingDysentery – diarrhea, usually only fatal in
infants
Giardia protezoan – diarrhea, cramps, fatigue
Schistosomiasis – parasitic worm
Guinea worm – burns as it leaves the human body
'Fiery serpent' ... A guinea worm emerges from the leg of a south Sudanese girl. (Reuters: Skye Wheeler, file photo)
How are all of these passed on?Overloaded sewage
treatment plantsDirect dumping of
sewage in communities
Lack of water treatment plants
The Life Straw
LifeStraw Swiss-based Vestergaard Frandsen for tourists and people living in developing nations. There are several models of the product: LifeStraw Personal filters a minimum of 700 litres of water, enough for one person and one year. LifeStraw Family filters a minimum of 18,000 litres of water, providing safe drinking water for a family for more than two years. It removes 99.9999% of waterborne bacteria, 99.99% of viruses, and 99.9% of parasites. LifeStraw Personal kills 99.9999% of waterborne bacteria and 98.5% of viruses.
Two types of sources•point sources – specific location that can be identified
•nonpoint sources – spread out, may not be easy to identify.
Coal-fired power plant
Feedlot: Point or non point?
Clear cut logging operation
Agricultural fields
Outfall effluent from sewage treatment plant
City streets
Active or abandoned mine
Mine tailings piles/gangue
Golf course
Factory effluent
Petroleum refinery
Suburban lawns
Storm drainsCarry water from
streets to local bayou/water way
The drain is just for rain!
Check for understanding!