plastic waste management - centre for science and environment

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AAETI Anil Agarwal Environment Training Institute Status of Plastic Waste Management Dinesh R Bandela

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Page 1: Plastic Waste Management - Centre for Science and Environment

AAETIAnil Agarwal Environment Training Institute

Status of Plastic Waste ManagementDinesh R Bandela

Page 2: Plastic Waste Management - Centre for Science and Environment

Know YOUR PLASTICS

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?

Class Exercise 1 

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Type of Plastic Code Usage in % General Usage 

PET   8.66    Fruit juices and soft drink bottles

HDPE  66.91

  Shampoo containers and milk bottles

LDPE     Garbage bins and bags

PVC    4.14   Juice or squeeze bottles, pipes

PP    9.9   Microwave dishes, ice cream tubs, bottle caps

PS    4.77   Foam packaging, teacups

Others    6.43   Eyeglasses lenses, touch screens

Source: Assessment and Characterization of Plastic waste generation in 60 major cities: CPCB

AAETI Classification of plastics

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AAETI The plastic menace

• India consumes 16.5 million tonnes of plastic annually, expected to increase to 20 MT by 2020. (FICCI, 2017)– Of  this,  43%  is  plastic manufactured  for 

single-use packaging material 

• No  clear  quantification  of  actual plastic waste generated– CPCB  in  2017  estimated  25,940  TPD  as 

the plastic waste generation 

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• Humans consumes plastic equivalent to weight of one credit card per year

• Are we ready to consume 5 by year 2050?

AAETI Global plastic production (in million tonnes)

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AAETI Another false sense of security• Recycling percentage of PET is above 90

• Recycling of LDPD is effected by Economies of scale 

• Recycling of PVC is prone to high carbon emissions 

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It’s raining plasticsAAETI

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AAETI Microplastics: Not a micro problem

• Microplastics were identified in more than 90% of rainwater samples taken from across Colorado, including at more than 3,000 metres high in Rocky Mountain National Park (According to new research from the US Geological Survey)

• In June 2019, the study of 13 UK rivers by Greenpeace revealed they all had microplastics in them 

• More than four-fifths of the polymers found by Greenpeace were polyethylene, polystyrene and polypropylene, which are used to make products such as food packaging, milk and water bottles and carrier bags

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Single Use Plastics  7.1 million tonnes of plastic annually is discarded in few minutes after use

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AAETI Plastic waste management rules, 2016

• Notified in 2016 and later amended in 2018• Provided  an  escape  route  for  producers  to  use Multi  layered  packaging  (major 

polluter of oceans, as per an independent research by Break free from Plastic)• 25  states  have  banned  the  use  of  plastic  carry  bags  and  states  like  Kerala, 

Maharashtra,  Tamil  Nadu,  Bihar,  HP,  Karnataka  have  banned  a  few  single  use plastic products

• Implementation of EPR a challenge with no guidelines and targets• Issue of non-compliance from states in submitting data

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The loose Knots 

Definition of single use plastic

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)

Noncompliance of state pollution control 

boards

Ban of plastic imports Poor segregation percentage

Informal recycling sector

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AAETI Plastics and climate change

• India operates 3159 dumpsites as on date

• Anaerobic conditions in dumpsites due to mixed waste forms landfill gases i.e. CO2 and CH4

• Methane generated at dumpsites contributes approximately 3-4 per cent to the annual global greenhouse gas emissions 

• Dumpsites are second largest source of methane emission 

• If the plastics industry were a country it’d be the fourth largest CO2 emitter behind China, U.S., and India

• Industry resulted in emissions amounting to 1.7 billion metric tonnes of CO2 in 2015, by 2050 CO2 emissions could reach 6.5 billion tonnes

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AAETI Minimization Practices

• Responsible purchase behavior• Buy products with recycled content• Green Protocol (Kerala)

– Plastic free offices– Green marriages

• Calculate your plastic footprint • Charge on carry bags• https://www.omnicalculator.com/ecology/plastic-footprint

• Tesco to stop plastic wrapping on tinned food multipacks

• 100% rPET water bottles (Evina) by Danone

• Packaging goals by polluters– 100% recyclable, compostable or 

biodegradable packaging– Increase recycled plastic content 

CONSUMPTION PRODUCTION

     Reuse                                  Design for Reuse

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Journey of plastics towards end of life

• The foremost problem with the value chain of plastics is indiscriminate littering

• Plastics that can be recycled, ends in water bodies and landfill due to contamination and littering

• There is NO ALTERNATIVE to segregation• Bio Plastics (both Bio-degradable and 

Compostable) require a controlled environment to close the loop

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Class Exercise 2 

What did you use today?

What did you flush?

What is in your blue?

Had your plastic meal?

Oh..! Is that plastic?