an experimental investigation on useage of plastic … · vs percentagereplacement of waste plastic...
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© June 2017 | IJIRT | Volume 4 Issue 1 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 144571 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 22
AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON USEAGE
OF PLASTIC AND RUBBER WASTE IN CONCRETE
B.Venkateswarareddy1 and V. Raj Kumar2 1PG student,Dept of Civil Newton’s institute of science & technology
2Asst Professor,Dept. of Civil, Newton’s institute of science & technology
Abstract—The rapid Urbanization and Industrialization
all over the world has resulted in large deposition of
Plastic waste and Waste Tyre Rubber. This waste can be
utilized under proper condition to reduce the Cement
content in Concrete. M30 concrete is used for most of the
constructional works. The strength of this concrete
results has compared with concrete obtained of Plastic
waste and Waste Tyre Rubber varying from 0% to 20%
.Experimental investigations comprised of testing
physical requirements of coarse aggregates, fine
aggregates, cement and the modifier waste plastic and
waste tyre rubber. M30 concrete design mix considered as
per IS 10262-1982. The said percentage of modifier was
blended with the cement concrete mix and the optimum
modifier content was found. Cubes and cylinders were
cast and tested for 28 days strength. These tests revealed
that by adding Waste plastics and rubber as partial
replacement in Fine Aggregate and Coarse aggregate by
volume, the strength of concrete decreased. The cube
strengths were decreased as the percentage replacement
increased due to their poor bounding properties. By
using Plastic waste and Waste Tyre Rubber as modifier,
we can reduce the quantity of coarse aggregate and fine
aggregate by their volume, hence decreasing the overall
cost of construction .The Modified cement concrete can
be used in the construction of small drainage works and
rigid pavement. Effective utilization of waste plastics can
be done for a good cause protecting global environment
and effective solid waste management.
I. INTRODUCTION
The changed lifestyle and endlessly increasing
population has resulted in a significant rise in the
quantity of post-consumer Plastic waste and Waste
Tyre Rubber. The world’s annual consumption of
plastic materials has increased from around 5 million
tons and 20 million tonnes in the 1950s to nearly 100
million tons in recent times, resulting in a significant
increase in the amount of Plastic waste and Waste Tyre
Rubber generation. Out of this waste, a significant part
is recycled but the majority of post-consumer Plastic
waste and waste tyre rubbers, like shampoo sachets,
carry-bags, nitro packs, milk and water pouches and
rubbers in Waste tyres etc. though recyclable, remains
comparatively untouched as they are difficult to
separate from household garbage. In most of the cases,
such post-consumer waste either litters all around or is
disposed of by land filling. The disposal of post-
consumer Plastic waste and Waste Tyre Rubber in this
manner poses significant environmental hazards as it
results in reduction in soil fertility, reduction in water
percolation, emission of toxic gases, health hazard to
animals and birds consuming the wastes, poor
drainage due to landfill, pollution of ground water due
to leaching of chemicals from these waste products
etc.
Looking to the global issue of environmental pollution
by post-consumer Plastic waste and Waste Tyre
Rubber, research efforts have been focused on
consuming this waste on massive scale in efficient and
environmental friendly manner. Researchers planned
to use Plastic waste and Waste Tyre Rubber in form of
concrete ingredient as the concrete is second most
sought material by human beings after water. The use
of post-consumer Plastic waste and Waste Tyre
Rubber in concrete will not only be its safe disposal
method but may also improve the concrete properties
like tensile strength, chemical resistance, drying
shrinkage and creep on short and long term basis.
The Plastic waste and waste tyre rubbers which can be
used as fine and coarse aggregate and their effect on
properties of concrete. It also presents current trends
and future needs of research in the area of use of post-
consumer Plastic waste and Waste Tire Rubber in
Concrete. The rapid Urbanization and
Industrialization in India has Resulted in large
deposition of Plastic waste. Plastic waste, consisting
© June 2017 | IJIRT | Volume 4 Issue 1 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 144571 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 23
of carry bags, cups etc. Can be used as a coating over
aggregate and this coated stone can be used for road.
Waste scrap tires can be used in different forms such
as tire chips, ground rubber, or fibers for different
applications. Tire chips and fibers can be produced by
shredding. The ground rubber also called as crumb
rubber is produced by reducing scrap tires to smaller
sizes by grinding. However, the properties of
ecofriendly Concrete depend on whether the rubber is
obtained from car or truck tires due to the different
chemical composition in both types. The typical
composition of rubber tire consists of natural rubber
14% for car tires, 27% for truck tires, synthetic rubber
27% for car tires and 14% for truck tires, carbon black
28%, steel 14-15% and fabric, fillers, anti-ozonants
etc. 16-17% by total weight of a tire.
It is non degradable material. If not taken care, can
effect human health and rein the peace of society.
Many efforts have been made by construction industry
to utilize these industrial wastes in construction and
thus reducing the environmental pollution load. The
main source of Plastic waste are shampoo packets,
carry-bags, nitro packs, milk and water pouches and
rubbers in Waste tires etc. Eco friendly concrete is not
structural concrete. It is useful for surface pavements
and small drainage works. This decreases the
thickness of pavement. It is lightweight concrete
compare to plain cement concrete. M30 grade concrete
is useful for pavements. These are the disposals of
waste plastic and rubber form house, hospital and
industries. These have more elastic property then plain
cement concrete.
II. TYPES OF WASTE PLASTICS
1. House Hold Plastics: These are the Domestic plastic
wastes generally used in a house like plastic wraps,
cups, poly ethylene covers, resins, polyester clothes
etc, They are less toxic in nature and are of Food Grade
material which can be recycled twice or thrice.
2.Eplastics:Waste describes loosely discarded,
surplus, obsolete, broken, electrical or electronic
vices. Rapid technology change ,low initial cost have
resulted in a fast growing surplus of electronic waste
around the globe.
3. Industrial Plastics: For Eco Friendly concrete, here
we are taking the round shape small particle for the
replacement of sand. These are controlled by
economically, physically, chemical limitations. We
are considering waste plastic as fine aggregate.
Types of Waste Tyre Rubber:
Chipped rubber: The rubber has a dimension of about
25-30 mm. It was used to replace the coarse aggregates
in concrete.
Crumb rubber: These particles are highly irregular, in
the range of 3– 10 mm. The rubber was used to replace
sand.
Ash rubber: The rubber consists of particles smaller
than 1 mm. It was not prepared from Crumb rubber by
grinding, but was the powder formed unintentionally
during the Trituration Process, fallen from the
machinery of the plant handling the waste rubber. It
could be used as Filler in concrete due to its size.
© June 2017 | IJIRT | Volume 4 Issue 1 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 144571 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 24
III. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
The experimental investigation was taken up on M30
grade of concrete. The investigation was aimed at
studying the effect of Plastic waste and waste tyre
rubbers in concrete cubes cast with M30 grade concrete
and tested under Compression testing Machine. To
reach the purpose of this research, experimental
laboratory study was developed using the materials-53
grade Portland cement, graded coarse aggregate, river
sand, Plastic waste and waste tyre rubbers and bore
well water.
Materials Used:
Concrete is an artificially engineered material made
from a mixture of Portland cement, aggregates and
water. It is most commonly used construction material
in the world. It is strong, cheap and durable. Portland
cement combines with water due to hydration to bond
the aggregates together into a solid whole. The
materials used in the present investigation are cement,
fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, super
plasticizer, plastic wastes and waste tyre rubbers
Portland Cement:
The type of Portland cement generally available in
hardware or lumber store is gray in color. The cement
used in this investigation is Orient Gold make, 53-
grade Portland, for casting of the cubes, cylinders and
prisms. The physical properties of the Portland cement
used are given in the below table.
S.No Property Value
1 Grade 53
2 Specific Gravity 3.1
3
Standard
Consistency 32%
4 Initial Setting Time 35 Minutes
Fine Aggregate:
S.No
Property Value
1
Specific
Gravity 2.57
2
Fineness
modulus 3.36
3 Zone of sand II
Coarse Aggregate:
S.No
Property Value
1 Specific Gravity 2.79
2
Fineness
Modulus 7.33
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION OF TEST
RESULTS
Compressive Strength of Cube Specimens
No
.
of
0% of
waste
5% of
waste
10%
of
wast
e
15%o
f
waste
20% of
waste
sa
m
pl
es
mater
ial
mater
ial
mate
rial
mater
ial
materi
al
repla
ceme
nt
repla
ceme
nt
repla
ceme
nt
repla
ceme
nt
replace
ment
1 47.7 40.5 31.3 26.1 26.1
2 45.6 41.2 31.3 27.3 25.4
3 47.9 39.6 33.2 28.1 25.4
Av
g 47.01 40.3 31.9 27.2 25.8
© June 2017 | IJIRT | Volume 4 Issue 1 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 144571 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 25
Comparison of average compressive strength of cubes
Vs percentagereplacement of waste plastic and waste
tyre rubber
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
V. CONCLUSIONS
Based on the above study following conclusions are
presented.
1. The cubes specimen cast with 0% replacement
of waste plastic and waste tyre rubber have the
maximum compressive strength of 47.9 MPa
2. The cubes specimen cast with 5% replacement
of waste plastic and waste tyre rubber have the
maximum compressive strength of 41.2 MPa
3. The cubes specimen cast with 10%
replacement of waste plastic and waste tyre
rubber have the maximum compressive
strength of 33.2 MPa
4. The cubes specimen cast with 15%
replacement of waste plastic and waste tyre
rubber have the maximum compressive
strength of 28.1 MPa
5. The cubes specimen cast with 20%
replacement of waste plastic and waste tyre
rubber have the maximum compressive
strength of 26.1 MPa
6. In the present investigation it was fond that at
0% replacement of waste plastic and waste
tyre rubber the compressive strength is
increased and at 20% replacement of waste
plastic and waste tyre rubber the compressive
strength is decreased
7. As the percentage replacement of waste
plastic and waste tyre rubber increased, it was
found that the concrete has poor bonding
properties and hence there is a decrease in
compressive strength.
8. This type of concrete is being used for non
structural works such as pavements and
drainages
9. As the percentage of waste plastic and waste
tyre rubber is being increased it is found that
there is a decreasing in ultimate stress
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© June 2017 | IJIRT | Volume 4 Issue 1 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 144571 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 26
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