plants. co 2 + h 2 o o 2 + c 6 h 12 o 6 create energy from sunlight chloroplasts organelle only in...
TRANSCRIPT
PLANTS
CO2 + H2O O2 + C6H12O6
Create Energy from sunlight
CHLOROPLASTS
Organelle only in plants that carries out the process of making glucose (C6H12O6) from sunlight
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Create Energy from sunlight
CELL WALL
Structure in plants that gives each cell its Shape.
ANIMALS
O2 + C6H12O6 CO2 + H2O
Combine oxygen and glucose to createEnergy for the cells.
MITOCHONDRIA
Organelle that changes glucose into ATP
RESPIRATION
Formula for changing glucose into ATP
ATP
Form of energy used by cells
CELLULAR HOMEOSTASIS
Keeping a cell healthy
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Controls what goes in and out of a cell by recognizing other cells.
DIFFUSION
Moving from areas of high to low concentration (like KOOL AIDE spreading out in a pitcher.
CELL MEMBRANE
Formula for changing glucose into ATP
OSMOSIS
Movement of water from area of high to low concentration. Like water being absorbed from salt water by a fish
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
Replicate, Transcribe, Translate
CODONS
A-T C-GCopied in Replication
RNA
A-U C-GTranscribed from DNA into MRNATranslated from MRNA to TRNA
DNA
Groups of 3 Bases are used to tell the ribosomes what amino acid to create during translation. (CODON CHART)
MUTATION
Occurs when any of the bases are not copied in the correct order
PATHOGENS
THINGS THAT MAKE YOU SICK
ANTI BIOTIC
Living creature that invades another creature and reproduces causing sickness.
VIRUS
Non Living structure containing RNA that only reproduces by inserting its RNA into a Host cell destroying the host
BACTERIA
Medicine created to kill Bacteria but has no effect on a virus
ANTI BODIES
Created by the body to destroy pathogens. Can be created before one gets ill through vaccinations.
FEED BACK MECHANISM
ENDOCRINE (Glands/Hormones)
Increases heart rate to pump more hot blood into the dilated veins.
NERVOUS (Brain/Senses/ nerves)Receives information that the core of the body is too hot, sends message to release hormones designed to open the blood vessels.
CIRCULATION (Heart/Veins/Arteries)
In response to impulses from the brain excretes vaso-dilators to increase the size of blood vessels in the skin.
INTEGUMENTARY (SKIN)
Releases sweat across the dilated veins near the surface to help cool the blood before it returns to the core.
ECOSYSTEMS
Interactions of creatures in the fight for survival.
SECONDARY CONSUMER
Creates energy from sunlight, must be the most numerous form of life.
PRIMARY CONSUMER
HERBIVORES- eat plants only, receive 10% of the plants energy.
PRODUCER
Mostly Carnivores and some omnivores eat meat. Receive 1% of the plants energy.
TERTIARY CONSUMERCarnivores or Omnivores that are not hunted by other creatures. Usually meat eaters. Receive .1% of the plants energy. The least numerous form of life.
ENERGY IN ECOSYSTEMS
HOW IT MOVES
BIOMASS
Demonstrate how energy is transferred from (prey) to (predator)
10% RULE
Only 10% of the energy is transferred from one level to the next in a food pyramaid.
FOOD WEBS
The mass of all the living creatures of one type in an area.
SUN
ALL ENERGY BEGINS HERE.
SYMBIOSIS
HOW LIFE INTERACTS
PARASITISM
Two creatures who benefit from each other.
COMMENSALISM
Two creature where on benefits and the other is not affected in any way.
MUTUALISM
One creatures survives by hurting another creature.
PREDATOR/PREY
Predators hunt and eat their prey.
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
HISTORY OF LIFE IN AN AREA
SPECIATION
A trait that develops from one generation that gives one creature an better change of surviving than a similar creature without the trait.
NATURAL SELECTION
Creature with better adaptions do not get killed and when they reproduce the adaptation is more common in the next generation.
ADAPTATION
When one species takes over and eliminates another species through better adaptations
SUPER POSITION
Understanding that the deeper the layer an fossil is found the older it is.
PERIODIC TABLE
Organization of different elements
ATOMIC NUMBER
ELEMENTS IN THE SAME COLUMN share the same properties (reactivity, bonding, chemical and physical qualities)
NOBLE GASSES
Group 18, has a complete shell of outer (VALENCE) electrons. Does not react with any other elements. LONERS
GROUPS
Represents the amount of protons in an atom. Atoms can be identified by their number of protons.
BONDING
Electron donators (group 1,2,13) are on the left side and the acceptors (17,16,15 are on the right. (make 8 rule)
DENSITY
The amount of atoms in a specific area.
PROPERTIES
Formula for calculating.
VISCOSITY
The thicker the substance the greater the density and slower it will move (viscosity)
D= m/v
Density is based on the material, one ounce of gold has the same density as 1 ton of gold.
BUOYANCYAbility to float on another substance, in order the float the objects density must be less than that of the fluid it will float in. Water has a density of 1 g/ml
WATER
Universal Solvent
IN SOLUBLE
Ability to dissolve other substances, increases with thermal energy (heat)
POLAR
Having one + side and one – side in an atom.
SOLUBILITY
Substance that will not dissolve such as oil in water since oil is non polar and water is polar.
SHAPE
Since Oxygen holds onto the electrons the Hydrogen's stay above the oxygen causing the molecule to have a bent shape.
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
What ever you start with you end with
Co- EFFICIENT
Chemicals that begin a reaction
PRODUCTS
The result of mixing two or more chemicals.
REACTANTS
The large number at the beginning of a formula effecting every element in the formula, often adjusted for balancing.
SUB SCRIPT
The small number that follows one element or a ( ) in a formula. It only effects what if follows.
NEWTON
LAWS OF MOTION
COLLISION
First Law, Nothing will change unless force is applied to it. Not moving or constant speed are examples of this. Inertia allows a person to resist being moved by force.
ACCELERATION
Second LawChange in an object is related to the force applied to it. Like turning the
steering wheel.Also known as F-ma
INERTIA
The force of two objects colliding is equal to the force each object applies to the other.
NEWTON
Unit of measurement for force. Is equal to the mass times the acceleration of the object.
CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
Nothing is loss, but it can be changed. Often into heat.
KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf
ENERGY OF POSITONTHE HIGHER THE OBJECT THE HIGHER THE PEWhen KE is Max PE is 0PE = mghG= gravity= 9.8 m/s2
KINETIC ENERGY
Energy of motionKE= ½ mv2
KE is 0 when not moving
POTENTIAL ENERGY
The sum of energy at the beginning is the same as the sum of energy at the end.
FRICTION
Heat released when two surfaces meet like wheels and the floor. Friction provides stopping force, opposes motion.
CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM
When objects collide the result is equal to the force they created.
P= mv
The force created by the objects speed and mass.
INERTIA
The greater the mass the more difficult it will be to move the object or stop it since it creates more energy
MOMENTUM
Medicine created to kill Bacteria but has no effect on a virus
VELOCITY
The faster the object the more energy it will create,
WAVES
Energy transferred
REFLECTION
The vibrations of one object cause another object to vibrate at the same frequency.
LONGITUDINAL
Sound wavesCreated by vibrating particles
RESONANCE
Light bounces off a mirror at the same angle it hit the mirror
INTERFERENCE
Destructive one wave cancels another.Constructive one wave builds or alters another
HEAT
Energy caused by the movement of molecules
CONVECTION
Moves from high energy (hot) to low energy (cold) until both reach the same temperature (equilibrium)
CONDUCTION
Transfer through touching. Grab the handle of a spoon in boiling water.
TRANSFER
Transfer through a moving fluid (boiling, air movement)
RADIATION
Transfer through light or waves, Micro wave, sunlight, X rays
PLANTS
Survive in environments that fit their adaptations.
FLOWERS
Gathers water and nutrients from soil.Dry climates have deep roots to find waterWet climates have shallow spread out roots
LEAVES
Gather sunlight for photosynthesis, the bigger the leave the more water it will use.Dry climate lots of small leavesWet Climate large leaves to catch more sun.
ROOT
Attract insects to carry pollen to fertilize other flowers for reproduction.
STEMS
Hold the plant up straight help it reach sunlight, requires water.