photosynthesis endothermic reaction: reaction that absorbs energy (sunlight) who:...
TRANSCRIPT
Photosynthesis• Endothermic reaction: Reaction
that absorbs energy (sunlight)• Who: Producers/Autotrophs
(Plants, algae, bacteria)
• Where: Chloroplasts1) Granum (pl. Grana)
– Stacks of disked shaped structures called thylakoids that house chlorophyll
2) Stroma – Fluid that surrounds the grana.– Similar to the cell’s cytoplasm
• Defined: Process that captures solar energy to make sugars
• End Result: Sugar & oxygen as waste
Light Absorption
• Sun gives off visible light– Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet
• We see reflected light– Red objects = reflect red light– Blue objects = reflect blue light
Prism
Which color(s) are being reflected?Yellow
Which color(s) are being absorbed?Red, Orange, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet
Which color(s) are being reflected?Blue
Which color(s) are being absorbed?Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Indigo, Violet
Which color(s) are being reflected?None…Black is the absence of light
Which color(s) are being absorbed?All….ROYGBIV
Which color(s) are being reflected?All…ROYGBIV
Which color(s) are being absorbed?None
Which color(s) are being reflected? GreenWhich color(s) are being absorbed?
Red, Orange, Yellow, Blue, Indigo, Violet
Light Absorption
• With leaves, green light reflected– That’s why leaves look green– Green light not used by plants
• Reds and blues most used in photosynthesis
Green reflected
Red, Orange, Yellow, Blue, Violet absorbed into the leaf
• Where: Thylakoid membranes of chloroplast• What happens?
1) Sunlight converted into ATP energy2) Water (H2O) broken apart
• Hydrogen kept for later use; Oxygen is released as a waste• End result: ATP (transferred to the light-independent rxns), H2, Oxygen
Stage 1: Light Dependent (Light Reactions)
H2 OATP
ATPATPH2 OH2 O
H2OATPATP
ATP
H2 OH2O
Thylakoid Membrane
Thylakoid Membrane
Thylakoid Membrane
Stage 1: Light Dependent (Light Reactions)
What is used during the light dependent stage?
What is created during the light dependent stage?
• Where: Stroma (fluid interior) of chloroplast• What happens?
– CO2 taken in– ATP breaks apart CO2 + H2
– C’s, O’s, and H’s recombine into C6H12O6 (Glucose)
Stage 2: Light Independent (Dark Reactions)
ATP
ATP
ATP
H2
H2
H2
H2
H2
H2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
ATP
ATP
ATP
H HH
HH
HHHHH
H
H
C
C
C
C
CC
OO
OO
OO
OO
OOOO
C6H12O6
C6H12O6C6H12O6
C6H12O6
Stage 2: Light Independent (Dark Reactions)
What is used during the light independent stage?
What is created during the light independent stage?
The equation for the overall process of photosynthesis:
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6
Granum (stack of thylakoids)
Thylakoid
Sunlight
= 1 six-carbon sugar
6H2O
6CO2
6O2
ChloroplastChloroplast
1
2
43
energyStroma (fluid outside the thylakoids)
Connection between photosynthesis & respiration
• In Plants– Create glucose through photosynthesis– Glucose is used to make ATP through cellular respiration
Plant Cell
glucose
glucosechloroplast
chloroplast ATP
ATP
mitochondria
mitochondria
Connection between photosynthesis & respiration
• In Animals– Plants create glucose through photosynthesis– Animals eat the plants – Glucose is used to make ATP through cellular respiration
Plant Cell
glucoseglucoseglucosechloroplast
GlucoseGlucoseGlucose
Animal Cell
mitochondriaATP
Glucose(from food)
REview1. Which color(s) is/are absorbed by a typical red apple?2. Which color(s) is/are reflected by a typical red apple?3. What is a producer/autotroph?4. What is used during the light dependent reactions?5. What created during the light dependent reactions?6. What is used during the light independent reactions?7. What created during the light independent reactions?8. True or False: Plants are the only photosynthetic
organisms.