plants are used for so many things used in everyday life. can you guess what this plant is used for?
TRANSCRIPT
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Plants are used for so many things used in everyday life.
Can you guess what this plant is used for?
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Flashcard Warm-up
Vascular tissueVascular refers to the
circulatory (transport) system of an organism.
Some plants have specialized tissues
(groups of cells) that transport water or food. Xylem transports water
from the roots to the leaves. Phloem transports
food from the leaves to the rest of the plant.
Rate of Photosynthesis
Several factors affect the rate of photosynthesis. Large
amounts of water and carbon dioxide are needed as well as a large amount
of sunlight. Plant adaptations have allowed some plants to be more
efficient. Write the equation for
photosynthesis:
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BotanyStudy of Plants
The largest living organism on Earth!!! Do you know what kind of tree this is?
The largest specimen, the General Sherman Tree in Sequoia National Park, is 84 m (275 ft) tall, has a diameter of 11.1 m (36.4 ft) at the base, and was estimated in the early 1990s to weigh about 2,500 metric tons. Other trees range from 46 to 99 m (150 to 325 ft) in height, with diameters up to 9 m (30 ft). A count of annual rings on stumps has verified ages as great as 2,300 years. Some living trees, however, are believed to be close to 4,000 years old.
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I Are all plants the same?A. Plant Characteristics
1. Type of Cell = Eukaryotic2. Multicellular3. Autotrophic4. Composition of cell wall = cellulose 5. Chloroplast = Chlorophyll6. Vacuole = store water, food, and
water
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Two Types of Plants?
1. Non-vascular Plants = lack vascular tissueExample = Moss
2. Vascular Plants = contain vascular tissue2 types of Vascular Tissue:
1. Xylem: Transport water 2. Phloem: Transport
nutrients
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Vascular or Nonvascular?
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Reproduction = Vascular plants reproduce in three ways
1. Seedless vascular plants = reproduce using spores (ex. fern).
2. Gymnosperms = store seeds in cones (ex. spruce).
3. Angiosperms = store seeds in fruits which develop from flowers (ex. daisy).
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How Plants Meet Their Needs
• Transport– Non-vascular plants:
osmosis and diffusion – Vascular plants:
xylem and phloem
• Respiration– Both non-vascular
and vascular use cellular respiration
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How Plants Meet Their Needs• Excretion
– Non-vascular: diffusion and osmosis– Vascular plants: Stomata
• Stomata: gas exchange = CO2 enters, O2 leaves
• transpiration = water loss
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Flashcard Warm-up• Gymnosperms
– Vascular plants that produce their seeds in CONES
• Angiosperms– Vascular plants
that produce their seeds in FRUITS which develop from FLOWERS
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How Plants Meet Their Needs
• Synthesis - Build molecules. Plants produce sugars through photosynthesis
• Nutrition - sugar produced in photosynthesis used during cellular respiration.
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How Plants Meet Their Needs• Regulation – Plants
control their growth patterns. One way is by using hormones. – Ethylene - promotes fruit
ripening– Cytokinins – promotes
rapid cell division– Auxins - allow for
elongation of the cell. This increased flexibility allows the plant to bend
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How Plants Meet Their Needs
• Tropisms are growth toward or away from a stimulus– Phototropism - a plant’s
response to light. – Gravitropism/Geotropism
- a plant’s response to gravity.
– Thigmotropism – response to touch (ex. Ivy)
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Ticket Out the Door1. ____________ tissue in plants is similar to the blood vessels of our body because they
transport water and nutrients. Match the Type of Vascular plant with the correct description:2. Gymnosperm a. produce seeds in fruits 3. Angiosperm b. use spores to reproduce4. Seedless Vascular c. produces seeds in cones5. Choose one of the following plant hormones and explain the changes the hormones causes in
the plant.Auxins, cytokinins, or ethylene
6. Phototropism a. plant growth in response to touch7. Thigmotropism b. plant growth in response to light8. Geotropism/ Gravitropism c. plant growth in response to gravity
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Flashcard Warm-upPollination
Pollination is when the pollen reaches the stigma or part of the female anatomy of a plant. Self-pollination occurs when a plant pollinates itself and cross pollination includes two different plants. Fertilization is when the pollen reaches the egg.
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How Plants Meet Their Needs
• Reproduction– Asexual = vegetative
propagation. (all offspring would be clones
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How Plants Meet Their Needs
• Reproduction– Sexual = two sources
of DNA, sperm and egg
• Seedless plants - have sperm and egg; sperm must swim to the egg. This requires a film of moisture.
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How Plants Meet Their Needs
• Gymnosperms – produce male and female cones. The fertilized egg becomes a seed.
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How Plants Meet Their Needs
• Angiosperms – Use flowers– Male part = Stamen
• Consists of anther & filament• Anther = produces pollen containing sperm
– Female part = Pistil• Contains the stigma, style, and ovary• Ovary = holds the ovules containing eggs
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How Plants Meet Their Needs
• Pollination: occurs when pollen produced by anther is transferred to stigma
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How Plants Meet Their Needs
• Growth and Development – The seeds can be dispersed using wind, water or animals– Germination: the
development of the new plant from the embryo
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SeedsSome plants have seeds as a
specialized part of their reproductive system.
Seeds consist of a fertilized embryo, a food
source, and a seed coat to protect the seed. These
three parts allow seeds to wait until the right time to
germinate.
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Plant Organs and their Adaptations• Leaves - main
photosynthetic organs of most plants. – Waxy cuticle: transparent
waxy covering that protects the leaf from water loss.
– Vascular Bundle: xylem and phloem
– Stomata: openings in the leaves that allow for gas exchange.
– Adaptations: The size of the leaf, modified for protection (ie. Cactus)
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Plant Organs and their Adaptations
• Stems - the organ responsible for support and for transport – Tubers: stem modified for
storing food (starch)• Ex: potato
– Succulent stems store water• Ex: desert cacti
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Plant Organs and their Adaptations
– Tendrils are part of vines and runners help with vegetative propagation
• Roots - organ responsible for absorbing water, anchoring the plant and may also store food– Fibrous roots: smaller branching
roots which increase surface area for quick water absorption.
• Ex: grasses
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Plant Organs and their Adaptations
– Tap roots - large, main root provides a strong anchor and allows the plant to reach water far below the earth’s surface.
• Ex: carrot
– Root Hairs – Specialized cells to increase surface area for fast water absorption