planification stratégique en mer, expériences en europe et
TRANSCRIPT
Planification stratégique en mer, expériences en Europe et premiers retours sur l’élaboration des documents stratégiquesde façade maritime en France
5 MAI 2021
Strategic planning at sea, experiences across Europe andinitial feedback on the development of sea-basin strategy
documents in France
OBJECTIFS
• Présenter l’expérience de trois pays européens, la Suède, les Pays-Bas et le
Royaume-Uni, dont les responsables présenteront les approches et leurs
réalisations en matière de planification
• Recueillir de premiers témoignages sur l’expérience française du premier cycle desdocuments stratégiques de façade maritime, en mobilisant les différents types departies prenantes associées à ce processus
AGENDA
10h00 Séquence introductive
Introduction de la COI-UNESCO – intervention de Julian Barbière
Introduction du Ministère de la mer – intervention de Thierry Coquil
10h10 Séquence dédiée aux expériences européennes de la planification
Pays-Bas – intervention de Lodewijk Abspoel, Ministère des Infrastructures et de l’eau
Suède – intervention de Joacim Johannesson, Agence suédoise pour la mer et la gestion de l’eau
Angleterre – intervention de Carl Jonsson, Marine Management Organisation
11h40 Séquence dédiée au retour d'expérience du 1er cycle des documents stratégiques de façade et aux recommandations selon les 5 thèmes de MSP Global
Articulation inter-institutionnelle – intervention de Sophie Panonacle, députée, présidente du bureau du Conseil national de la mer et des littoraux
Economie bleue – intervention de Frédéric Moncany de Saint Aignan, Cluster maritime français
Approche écosystémique – intervention de Florence Cayocca, Office français de la biodiversité
Connaissances, techniques, données et produits à l’appui de l’élaboration des DSF – intervention de Denis Bailly, Université de Bretagne Occidentale
Participation et communication – intervention de Géraldine Bertaud, Cerema
12h55 Conclusion
La Commission océanographique intergouvernementalede l’UNESCO et l’initiative MSPglobal
Julian BarbièreChef de section – Politique marine et coordination régionale
La Commission océanographiqueintergouvernementale de l’UNESCO
Principaux guides
2006 : Measuring integrated coastal and ocean management
2009 : Approche par étapes de la PEM
2014 : Evaluatingmarine spatial plans
2021 : MSPglobal/ Directives internationales sur la PEM(en cours d’élaboration)
Soutien technique : PEM, GIZC et économie bleue
Conférences, forums, formations, séminaires :Plus de 5 000 bénéficiaires ces trois dernières années !
Développement des capacités Autres outils
Notes de politique, rapports, flyers, recommandations
L’initiative MSPglobal
Initiative conjointe de la COI-UNESCO
et de la Direction générale des
affaires maritimes et de la pêche
de la Commission européenne
MSPglobal
• Elaboration de directives internationales• Projet pilote en Méditerranée occidentale• Projet pilote dans le Pacifique Sud-Est
Méditerranée occidentale
Rapports techniques sur les conditions actuelles et futures :
Recommandations régionales sur la PEM et l’économie bleue durable (juin 2021)
• Améliorer la coopération transfrontalière là où elle existe déjà et promouvoir les processus de PEM dans les zones où elle n’a pas encore été appliquée
• Tripler la superficie des territoires maritimes bénéficiant de plans de l’espace marin effectivement en place d’ici 2030
Pays bénéficiaires directs : Algérie, Espagne, France, Italie, Malte, Maroc, Tunisie
CHAMPS D’ACTION
OBJECTIFS
MSProadmap
2017 : Feuille de route conjointe pour accélérer les processus de PEM dans le monde (MSProadmap)
Cinq domaines prioritaires :1. Planification transfrontalière de l’espace maritime/marin2. Économie bleue durable3. Approche écosystémique de la PEM4. Renforcement des capacités5. Compréhension mutuelle et communication sur la PEM
Initiative MSPglobal
Propos introductif du Ministère de la Mer
Thierry CoquilDirecteur des Affaires Maritimes – Ministère de la Mer
Séquence 1Expériences européennes de la planification
Pays-Bas
Lodewijk AbspoelMinistère des Infrastructures et de l’eau
Ecosystem based
maritime spatial
planning in the
Netherlands
#MSPglobal France5 May 2021, The Hague
Lodewijk Abspoel
Draft integrated map for waters under national jurisdiction ‘22-’27
1 eMSP, facts and figures Netherlands
2 Policy structure & management in/for MSP
3 MSP as part of a National
Water Programme
4 A draft new MSP for 2022-2027
MSP history, philosophy & international cooperation
Structure of the presentation
The Netherlands MSP approach
2
Annexes
A day at the beach © dekrachtvanbeeld.nl
Facts and figures Dutch part North Sea (1)
› North Sea is 575,000 km2, shared by 9 countries*.
› Netherlands’ part is 57,000 km2.
› Dutch coastline is 250 km.
› It is a highly complex and open marine ecosystemwith specific habitats.
› The shallow, nutrient-rich area constitutes a habitat for marine mammals, a breeding ground for fish and an important migratory path and wintering area for many bird species.
› 1,284 marine species in Dutch waters.
› 6 marine protected areas (11,610 km2 ≈ 20%) by 2020, 3 more in the policy pipeline (moving to 30%).
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management* UK counted as 1, though Scotland and England have independent authorities
3
Facts and figures Dutch part North Sea (2)
› Major seaports: Rotterdam, North Sea Ports, Amsterdam, Den Helder
and Delfzijl. Access to port of Antwerp via Dutch waters.
› 3,600 km shipping lanes, over 260,000 ship movements annually.
› Oil & gas platforms/pipelines: 160 (126 km2)/4,500 km.
› Telecommunication cables: 3,300 km.
› Military exercise areas: 4,200 km2.
› Beach nourishment: 12 million m3 annually.
› Offshore wind:
– 2.2 GigaWatt installed in 2022 (7 wind farms).
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 4
# 2
• Auhtorities and policy governance structure
• Generic working methods & management
25 March 2021
5
Governance structure for Integrated Maritime Policy and MSP in The Netherlands
Cabinet House of represetatives
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water
Management
Coordination North Sea policy, shipping and marine strategy
Management organisation Rijkswaterstaat
(licenses other than oil/gas)
Min Economic Affairs & Climate
Min Agriculture & Nature
Min Interior (spatial vision)
Min Defense (incl coast guard)
Min Cultural affairs & Education
Min Finance
Intra governmental board ofdirectors on North Sea affairs
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management6
Management guided by the MSP policy
› Consenting Assessment Framework, in five steps is integrated in the Maritime Spatial policy Plan for clarity to stakeholders:
1. Spatial claim, assessment of ecosystem effects & apply precautionary principle;
2. Location selecting & assessing spatial options;
3. Demonstrate national interest;
4. Mitigation of effects;
5. Compensating effects.
› MPA management plans are drafted after policy designation by our management organisation Rijkswaterstaat.
7Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management
# 3
• The Dutch Maritime Spatial
Plan as part of the National
Water Programme 2022-
2027
• Covering land-sea
interactions
8
MSP as part of aNational Water Programme (NWP)
› Every six years The Netherlands make a National Water Plan, an integrated policy document for the entire country, encompassing all water related issues, with a focus on the waters under national jurisdiction;
› Water areas on/in-land are shared responsibilities with provinces, municipalities and water boards;
› The North Sea Maritime Spatial policy Plan (programme) is an annex to the NWP body document, by legal requirements. It serves as a self-binding spatial document for the central government;
› The North Sea MSP document includes the measures we take for the marine environment to reach and maintain Good Environmental Status.
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 20
National Water Programme (NWP) 2022-2027
Shipping – sea & inland waterways
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 21
Three overarching ambitions for the Dutch Delta 20501. A safe and climate proof delta;2. A competitive, sustainable and circular delta;3. A clean and healthy delta with high value nature
NWP ties together all water policies and requirements of European and national legislation
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 22
Regions with high level of land-sea interactions
23Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management
South-west Delta(incl approach to Antwerp Scheldt river)
Greater (port of) Rotterdam area
13
Regions with high level of land-sea interactions
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management
Wadden sea and island + Eems estuary (incl Den Helder, Harlingen and Groningen Sea ports)
IJsselmeer(incl Amsterdam & North Sea channel)
Sea side approaches Dutch ports, and inland waterways
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 14
# 4a
• MSP and policy process from 2016 to 2021
• North Sea Strategy 2030
• North Sea Agreement
• North Sea Programme 2022-2027 (the new MSP)
15
High level goals and priorities driving eMSP
1. Achieve and maintain Good Environmental Status of the sea;
2. Shipping and accessibility of ports, including safety of shipping;
3. Secure sand supply for dry feet (strategy till 2100);
4. Offshore energy production;
5. Defense purposes – military exercise areas;
6. Sustainable harvesting of seafood;
7. Best use of available sea space (combined use of areas – in particular wind farms).
Sand extraction strategy
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 27
November 2016: start of a process for 2030
› Strategic Agenda North Sea 2030
› Many MSP issues identified, for instance:
1. Implement offshore wind roadmaps -> 2030
2. Restore marine habitats
3. A future for the fisheries sectors;
4. Co-use of wind farms at sea;
5. Scale up sea weed cultivation;
6. Maintain and strenghten Blue Economy;
7. Strengthen international cooperation
› Many stakeholders and interests involved
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 28
# 4b
• North Sea ecosystem based Maritime Spatial Plan
• North Sea Agreement
• North Sea Programme 2022-2027
18
nature
fisheriesclean energy
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 30
Three elements dominating spatial policy and strategy North Sea:
Political priorities and stakeholder discussions & negotiations.
North Sea Agreement (June 2020)
› Intensive process administrative level;
› Monthly meetings for shared agreement on sustainable use and development of the North Sea;
› Joint fact finding on interdependent issues;
› Development of strong inter-ministerial network;
› Open discussions in the ‘safe’ setting of the North Sea Council.
Results:
› Interlinked agreements on: criteria for offshore wind energy areas, nature conservation areas, oil and gas extraction, planning process, financial means for transition.
› Establishment of a permanent North Sea Council;
› Fiserhies sector in last instance not part of agreement, mediation process ongoing.
Handover of the North Sea agreement reached by the Council to minister Cora van Nieuwenhuizen
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 31
North Sea Agreement driving the MSP
› The North Sea Agreement was adopted in parliament on 27January 2021.
› It contains detailed conclusions and actions for implementation in the coming years, on:
– Ecology incl MPA’s (moving towards 30% with restorationtargets),
– Offshore (wind) energy,
– Possibilities for the fisheries sectors to adapt,
– including finance, research and governance aspects.
› From february 2021 onwards:
› Development of Implementation Agenda;
› Dutch Martime Spatial Planning Program for 2022-2027 is to be a framework to implement agreed actions.
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 32
North Sea Program 2022-2027
› Dutch MSP Plan: self binding policy document for spatial development
› Spatial elements of the North Sea Agreement basis for MSP:
– Search areas offshore wind energy
– Nature conservation areas
– Shipping lanes
– ‘Area passports’ wind energy locations
– Sustainable blue economy
– Land-sea interactions with provinces
› MSP is broader than the North Sea Agreement alone: e.g.MSFD, sand extraction, cables, recreation, cultural heritage.
› Strategic Environmental Assessment is part of the Program.
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 33
Maps draft MSP 2022-2027*
Marine protected areas & measures
Reference map actual use (2019)
Self-binding MSP map draft for 2022-2027
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 34
Further (offshore wind) ambitions
› North Sea Program introduces new policy in many areas
› Ambitions in relation to offshore wind energy require further ecological research, and a partial revision of the draft MSP 2022-2027;
› The draft MSP identifies the search areas for an additional 27 Giga Watt of offshore wind
› Goal for next 6 months:
– cooperate on the preparation of a decision for formal participation.
24
er Management
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management
Towards a digital Twin for the North Sea
› One of the challenges addressed in many countriesis the data and information system for MSP;
› Netherlands has all the needed data and information and also models and methods to calculate consequences of spatial planning decisions:
› For ecology, cumulative impacts, safety of shipping, cost-benefits of offshore wind on various locations, hydrographic data, and so on...
› Now we’re developing a Digital Twin for the North Sea, allowing visulatisations and simulations for MSP in a cross border setting to underpin policy with transparently generated evidence.
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 36
Formal MSP participation process
› In context of National Water Programme*;
› Consultation open from 22 March until 21 September 2021
(6 months);
› Mandatory independent advisory report of the Netherlands
commission for environmental assessment;
› International cross-border consultation via ESPOO;
› Formal adoption of the North Sea MSP Program 2022-2027
is foreseen in March 2022.
* (translation of the new draft MSP 2022 – 2027 is in progress – expected early May)
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 37
Thank you for listening
Merci de votre attention
Would you like to know more? Please have a look in the annex slides and/or visit www.noordzeeloket.nl
Annex # 1
• The Netherlands Policy view and approach to MSP
• Science for ecosystem based maritime spatial planning
25 March 2021
28
Gallant © dekrachtvanbeeld.nl
Policy philosophy for ecosystem based MSP
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 40
› Maritime Spatial Planning is a process: politically guided, stakeholder driven.
› Functional Large Marine Ecosystems as a base: The geater North Sea Area
› National MSP and North Sea cooperation based onUNCLOS and IMO;
› Global agreements and UN SDGs as a framework for policy: Life below Water, Zero Hunger, Climate Action, Clean Energy, Connection land and water systems in planning, climate proof cities;
› EU legislation and targets with respect to subsidiarity;
› Ecological features and maritime activities have connections within and beyond sea basins;
› Information position of stakeholders needs to be at the same level.
› Being explicit on societal demands and political choices;
› Aim for a MSP process to be within 1 term of government;
› Thinking land-sea and sea-land;
› Early engagement;
› Joint research into cumulative effects of human useson the ecosystem;
› Be pragmatic when need be;
› Develop joint language / understanding of concepts and terminology;
› In international cooperation respecting governancesystems, political choices and repsect sovereignty;
› Be a trusted partner in international cooperation.
Approach to North Sea Maritime Spatial developments 2050
think big
think long term
think systems
think human(s) [most live on land]
development by design
think land-sea interactions
think spatial (start in the sea)
Put the sea at the core
of the analysis
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 41
Scientific guidance for transboundary eMSP
31
2013, Mayer, I., Abspoel, L., Keijser, X., et.al ICES WGMSPCMMinistry of Infrastructure and Water Management
Annex # 2
• History of The Netherlands with Maritime Spatial Planning
25 March 2021
32
› Mare Liberum – Hugo Grotius (1609)
› Borders of the Continental Shelf established (UNCLOS I) (1965-1969) – EEZ has the same external limits (established in 2000)
› Common Fisheries Policy European Union (1970ties)
› Sectoral licencing NL: first come, first served basis(2000)
› Integrated Management framework (2005)
– this worked fine, untill offshore wind took off
› Policy document North Sea 2009-2015 (first full MSP)aim: establish areas for offshore wind (6.000MW)
– & plot Natura 2000 areas & start implementation Marine Strategy Framework Directive EU
› Revised Integrated Management
Framework (2011)
› Revision of the MSP for additional
offshore wind areas (2013/2014)
› North Sea 2050 agenda (2013/2014)
› Revised MSP for 2016-2021 (2015)
upon MSP Directive EU 89/2014
› Road map offshore wind 2030 (2018)
› North Sea Strategy for 2030 (2017
- 2021)
› Draft MSP for 2022-2027 published 22
March 2021
History of MSP in the Netherlands
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 33
Dutch Maritime Spatial Policy Plan 2009 -2015
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management34
Combined view Maritime Spatial Plans North Sea 2011
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 35
North Sea 2050 Spatial Agenda
› Sketching a perspective for energy transition, best use of sea space and blue growth opportunities.
› A long term vision for Maritime SpatialDevelopment.
› We want a clean, healthy, biodiverse and productive sea.
› 5 themes:
– building with nature,
– energy transition,
– multiple use of space,
– land-sea connections,
– shipping & port accessibility.
North Sea map: a perspective from sea to land
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management
Recent history in MSP –maps
37
2050 Spatial Agenda(2014)
Roadmap offshorewind 2023 / 2030MSP 2016-2021
Long term vision document Sept 2020
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management
Annex # 3
• International cooperation
25 March 2021
38
MSP Challenge session within the NorthSEE project – Aberdeen 2018
www.mspchallenge.info
EU framework for maritime spatial planning
› Precautionary principle (TFEU art 191.2 )
› Common Fisheries Policy
› Birds & Habitat Directives (Natura 2000)
› Water Framework Directive
› Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008)
› MSP Directive (2014)
› EU Green Deal 2019 incl:
› Biodiversity Strategy
› Offshore Renewable Energy Strategy
› Blue Economy strategy (coming soon)
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 50
International cooperation for MSP› Coherency cross-border on sea basin level
(functional Large Marine Ecosystem);
› Shipping, Environment & Energy as mostrelevant topics;
› Cross-border consultation in various steps of the MSP process and implementing projects;
› Cooperation via:
– OSPAR for implementing Marine Strategy;
– political agreement offshore wind energy;
– and MSP projects like SEANSE for common approach to strategic environmental assessments & NorthSEE – featuring the MSPchallenge as a tool for better understanding cross-border MSP;
› A MSP transnational North Sea collaboration group on working level is in the making.
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management 51
Suède
Joacim JohannessonAgence suédoise pour la mer et la gestion de l’eau
Marine spatial planning, the Swedish case
Planification stratégique en mer, expérience en Europe et
premiers retours sur l’élaboration des documents stratégiques de
façade maritime
Webinar 5 May 2021
Joacim Johannesson
State of play as of May 2021
» The Swedish Government is currently preparing marine
spatial plans for adoption
» SwAM and government regional administration is preparing
for their application, incluiding engaging the municipalities
» SwAM is elaborating a framework for monitoring & follow-up
»An evaluation of the planning process to be finalised in May
Timeline and stages
A:
preparatory
stage
B:
plan development,
consultation
C:
adoption
Timeline and stages
2. Road map
2015
3. Early
dialogue draft
2016/17
6. Proposal to
Government
dec 2019
5. Review
revised
proposal
2019
4. Formal
consultation
2018
8.Government
adoption
2021
9. Application
of MSP:s
…
1. Current
status
2013/14
7. Preparations
2020/21
A:
preparatory
stage
B:
plan development,
consultation
C:
adoption
Swedish MSP
» Three spatial plans:
Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea and Skagerrak/Kattegat
» One nautical mile (1852 m) from the baseline seawards incl.
the Exclusive Economic Zone (120 000 sqkm)
» Objective is to contribute to sustainable development
» Plans are to be guiding for municipality comprehensive
planning and in licensing
» Plans are to be adopted by the Government
» Government may adopt regulations prohibiting or limiting
activities in destined geographical areas
(Environmental Code 4 chapter 9§)
Overlapping spatial plans
The plans shall
» integrate economic, social and environmentalpolicy objectives (Swedish Maritime Strategy)
» contribute to good environmental status (Marine Strategy Framework Directive)
» contribute to sustainable use of the sea so that maritime industries can develop
» promote coexistence between different uses
» prioritize between national interests and uses
(MSP Government Ordinance 2015:400)
Role for SwAM
» Develop plan proposals applying an ecosystem approach
» Develop proposals for binding regulations, if needed
» Cooperate with national agencies and County AdministrativeBoards (government regional bodies)
» Provide opportunities for participation of municipalities and regional bodies
» Coordinate and cooperate with EU countries as well as thirdcountries
» Carry out broad consultations of the proposals (including trade associations and interest groups)
» Develop new proposals at least every eight year
(MSP Government Ordinance 2015:400)
9 (+1)
neighbouring
countries (MSP)
20 national
agencies
14 Counties/
Regions (regional
plans and
strategies)
65 Municipalities
(comprehensive
plans)
Trade
asscociations
and interest
groups (NGO:s)
Research and
science
General public
Involved in the process
NB: Delimitation between the maritime zones between Denmark and Poland are not correct
Land-sea interaction
65 municipalities
» Have a key role in connecting land and sea
» Planning the entire Swedish territory including the
territorial sea (since 1987)
» Offshore wind installations require municipality approval
» Municipalities to be guided by national MSP
» Municipalities/regional councils are invited to participate in
the process and to provide local/regional planning
evidence. Support by the government regional level.
» Local MSP-projects to prepare for MS
Baltic Sea
Marine spatial plan
- municipalites
Proposals submitted to the Government (2019-12-17)
Gulf of
BothniaBaltic Sea
Skagerrak/
Kattegatt
Most suitable use, examples:
Energy extraction
Defence
General
Culture
Nature
Sand extraction
Shipping
Investigation area shipping
Recreation
Commercial fisheries
Electricity transfer
E
F
K
G
N
Areas for particular consideration
total defence(all energy extraction areas)
high culture values (landscape)
high nature values(reefs, mammals, climate refugia etc)
Summary of proposals
» Coexistence between uses is the normal case
» Few spatial conflicts, except in relation to offshore wind
» Relatively high offshore wind potential
(23- 31 TWh annual production)
» Identification of a large number of areas w/ high nature values (in addition to
current MPA:s) as a guidance to management
» Enabling efficient shippng
» Enabling dynamic and flexible fisheries
Impact assessments
» Strategic environment assessment
(Symphony-metod)
» Sustainability appraisal
(economic, social, ecological)
» Socio-economic analysis,
• Southern Bothnian Sea
• Baltic Sea
• Kattegatt
SEA as a tool to implement the Ecosystem Approach
SEA can provide:
» Scoping – focus, ecosystem based objectives
» Framework for a systembased holistic approach
» Development and aggregation of knowledge, assessment ofplan alternatives
» Consultations and participation
» Alternative development – scenarios, adaptive management
» Integration of social economic evaluation of ecosystem services? Sustainabilty assessment
Jan Schmidtbauer Crona
The Ecosystem Approach can
provide:
• A fitting policy context for
application of SEA
• Political incentive for
environmental
considerations (political will)
5S17/w4e/2d0is2h1ecosystem based MSP
Pressures Values
Photo: SwAM
Fisheries
Defense
Pollution
Over-fertilisation
Porpoise
Cod
Soft bottoms
Shipping
SpawningIdentifying and
assessing
environmental
impacts
2020 20402030 Time
Zero alternative
Alternative B
Alternative A
Consequences
Photo: SwAM
Identifying and
selecting options
Symphony a tool for a sustainable plan
1 Maps of ecosystemcomponents
Maps of marine
pressures2 3based on experts 4Sensitivity matrix Results for plan
iteration
5 Link pressuresto marine plan proposal
results 6Baseline
7 A more sustainablemarine plan
Monitoring and evaluation framework(under development)
external analysis
Legal requirements
• to keep informed on the marine and
maritime development
• to follow up the environmental impact
• to initiate the next planning round
post-environment impact assessment
analysis on application (application and usefulness)
Set-up and M&E-areas (under development)
» Set-up
• National cooperation group (national agencies, county administrative boards, SwedishAssociation of Local Authorities and Regions, academia)
• National reference group (stakeholders, municipalities, regions, academia)
» Continuos monitoring; eg:
• Sector development, use of the sea, new claims
• Marine and maritime managament development
» In-depths analysis (evaluation); eg:
• Relevance of the plans (in relation to spatial claims, legislation, political strategies etc)
• Application of the plan and the functionality of the plan as a guiding document
• Impacts, and achievements in relation to objectives
Find out more at www.havochvatten.se
» Explorative and
interactive planmap
» Planning evidence
on maps
» Strategic impact
assessments
» Sustainability
appraisals
(socio-economic
analysis)
Angleterre
Carl JonssonMarine Management Organisation
Marine Planning in EnglandProcess , content and use –with a focus on stakeholder engagement
Carl JönssonSenior Marine Planner & Project Manager
Marine Planning in England• Overarching driver – Increasing and competing use of marine space and resources, impacting on
the sustainability of the marine area.
• Marine planning makes sure the right activities happen in the right place and in the right way in the marine area placing sustainable development at the centre of all decisions.
• Compared to previously – focus on a place enables an integrated view• Sustainable development: economic, social and environmental considerations – wide range of evidence
• Across all sectors and government departments
• With other measures/plans
• Forward looking, integration of policies across all sectors – challenges in a changing policy context
• Public process – scrutiny/challenge, review, requires investment in stakeholder engagement
• Legislation – underpinning the requirements in law
UK Marine Policy
Statement
Marine Plans
EffectMarine and
Coastal Access Act
(2009)
UK Marine Policy
Statement
Marine Plans
Effect
EastPlan adopted (April 2014)1st 3-year review report placed (March 2017)2nd 3-year review report placed (March 2020)
SouthPlan Adopted (July 2018)3-year report placed (July 2021)
Marine Planning in England
Remaining 4 PlansNE, SE, SW, NW developed concurrently between 2016-2021
Expected to be published in 2021
Marine Planning in England
Marine Planning in England
2. Definitive spatial policies with a clear preference for certain activities
3. Existing use policies, enabling coexistence
4. Future use safeguarding policies
5. Strategic policies which directly support
diversification, skills enhancement or employment across all activities
1. Policies that are relevant to all sectors and/or apply everywhere
6. Policies which support preferred methods and
approaches, including best practice and support
identification of the best way to successfully
achieve a proposal
Proposals must assess their direct and indirect impacts
upon air quality and greenhouse gas emissions.
Where proposals are likely to result in air pollution or
increased greenhouse gas emissions, they must
demonstrate that they will, in order of preference:
a) avoid
b) minimise
c) mitigate air pollution and or greenhouse gas emissions;
in line with current national and local air quality objectives
and legal requirements.
Marine Planning in England
2. Definitive spatial policies with a clear preference for certain activities
3. Existing use policies, enabling coexistence
4. Future use safeguarding policies
5. Strategic policies which directly support
diversification, skills enhancement or employment across all activities
1. Policies that are relevant to all sectors and/or apply everywhere
6. Policies which support preferred methods and
approaches, including best practice and support
identification of the best way to successfully achieve a
proposal
Proposals must consider cross-border impacts throughout
the lifetime of the proposed activity.
Proposals that impact upon one or more marine plan area or
impact upon terrestrial environments must show evidence of
the relevant public authorities (including other countries)
being consulted and responses considered.
Marine Planning in EnglandProposals in areas where a licence for extraction of
aggregates has been granted or formally applied for
should not be authorised, unless it is demonstrated
that the other development or activity is compatible
with aggregate extraction.2. Definitive spatial policies with a clear preference for certain activities
3. Existing use policies, enabling coexistence
4. Future use safeguarding policies
5. Strategic policies which directly support
diversification, skills enhancement or employment across all activities
1. Policies that are relevant to all sectors and/or apply everywhere
6. Policies which support preferred methods and
approaches, including best practice and support
identification of the best way to successfully achieve a
proposal
Marine Planning in EnglandProposals that enhance the distribution of priority habitats and
priority species will be supported.
Proposals that may have significant adverse impacts on the
distribution of priority habitats and priority species must demonstrate
that they will, in order of preference:
a) avoid
b) minimise
c) mitigate
d) compensate for significant adverse impacts.
2. Definitive spatial policies with a clear preference for certain activities
3. Existing use policies, enabling coexistence
4. Future use safeguarding policies
5. Strategic policies which directly support
diversification, skills enhancement or employment across all activities
1. Policies that are relevant to all sectors and/or apply everywhere
6. Policies which support preferred methods and
approaches, including best practice and support
identification of the best way to successfully achieve a
proposal
Marine Planning in EnglandProposals within existing or potential strategic areas of sustainable aquaculture
production must demonstrate consideration of and compatibility with sustainable
aquaculture production.
Where compatibility is not possible, proposals must demonstrate that they will, in order
of preference:
a) Avoid
b) minimise
c) mitigate significant adverse impacts on sustainable aquaculture production
d) if it is not possible to mitigate significant adverse impacts, proposals should state
the case for proceeding.
2. Definitive spatial policies with a clear preference for certain activities
3. Existing use policies, enabling coexistence
4. Future use safeguarding policies
5. Strategic policies which directly support
diversification, skills enhancement or employment across all activities
1. Policies that are relevant to all sectors and/or apply everywhere
6. Policies which support preferred methods and
approaches, including best practice and support
identification of the best way to successfully achieve a
proposal
Marine Planning in England
Appropriate land-based infrastructure which
facilitates marine activity (and vice versa) should be
supported.
2. Definitive spatial policies with a clear preference for certain activities
3. Existing use policies, enabling coexistence
4. Future use safeguarding policies
5. Strategic policies which directly support
diversification, skills enhancement or employment across all activities
1. Policies that are relevant to all sectors and/or apply everywhere
6. Policies which support preferred methods and
approaches, including best practice and support
identification of the best way to successfully achieve a
proposal
Proposals that result in a net increase to marine
related employment will be supported, particularly
where they meet one or more of the following:
i) create employment in areas identified as the most
deprived, or
ii) support and are aligned with local skills strategies
and the skills available in and adjacent to the
south east inshore marine plan area, or
iii) create a diversity of opportunities, or
iv) implement new technologies.
Proposals supporting a sustainable fishing industry,
including the industry's diversification, should be
supported.
Marine Planning in England
Preference should be given to proposals for cable
installation where the method of installation is burial.
Where burial is not achievable, decisions should take
account of protection measures for the cable that may
be proposed by the applicant. Where burial or
protection measures are not appropriate, proposals
should state the case for proceeding without those
measures.
2. Definitive spatial policies with a clear preference for certain activities
3. Existing use policies, enabling coexistence
4. Future use safeguarding policies
5. Strategic policies which directly support
diversification, skills enhancement or employment across all activities
1. Policies that are relevant to all sectors and/or apply everywhere
6. Policies which support preferred methods and
approaches, including best practice and support
identification of the best way to successfully
achieve a proposal
Marine Planning in England
2. Definitive spatial policies with a clear preference for certain activities
3. Existing use policies, enabling coexistence
4. Future use safeguarding policies
5. Strategic policies which directly support
diversification, skills enhancement or employment across all activities
1. Policies that are relevant to all sectors and/or apply everywhere
6. Policies which support preferred methods and
approaches, including best practice and support
identification of the best way to successfully
achieve a proposal
Marine Planning Cycle
Marine Planning Evidence Base
Plans and StrategiesSet out Government aims or local
aims:
- River Basin Management Plans
- Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
Management Plan
- Local Terrestrial Plans
ResearchUnderstand how the marine area
functions and interactions between
activities:
scientific papers, reports and studies
academic collaboration, specifically
commissioned work
Stakeholder InterestsUnderstand what’s important to
people - achieve balance:
formal engagement and consultation,
bilateral meetings, partnership working,
monitoring surveys
Spatial InformationWhat takes place where and when? e.g.
- recreational angling hotspots
- location of marine protected areas
- Shipping lanes
- areas of potential aggregate extraction
National PolicySets out Government objectives for
marine sectors:
- Marine Policy Statement
- National Policy Statement for Ports
- National Policy Statement for Energy
Legislation
Sets the parameters for decision-making
in the marine area e.g.
- Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009
- Conservation of Habitats and Species
Regulations 2017
Strength of
evidence
Marine Plan Development Process
Marine Plan Development Process
Engagement throughout the process
First Formal Development and Engagement
Point
Issues & Evidence
Specific focus on gathering Issues and associated
evidence
Main themes:
• Coexistence
• Increasingly busy marine areas
• Changing sectors in the marine area
• Marine environmental protection & protected
areas
Engagement throughout the process
Dredging and mineral extraction around protected areas and species (eg Maerl beds) in the South West Plan Area has the potential to affect subtidal sediments that are sensitive to physical disturbance. Assessments have been completed for specific applications
promote and support development that generates benefits for those local communities experiencing socio-economic deprivation.
Conflict between promoting tourism and requirement to manage recreation within marine protected areas
Dune systems are being damaged by cockle/mussel fisheries vehicles accessing the sea.
Methods for the beneficial re-use of dredged material should be identified to alleviate the amount of material transported to disposal sites
The north east marine plan areas have a growing manufacturing and engineering industry that facilitates development and decommissioning of offshore wind and oil (National Renewable Energy Centre, Port of Blyth, Teesport and Port of Tyne, Siemens Energy Ser
Tidal stream energy is not appropriate throughout the Thames due to navigational safety and tidal stream potential according to Scientific basis
Many coastal towns suffer from social deprivation due to a decline in traditional industries and trades, which marine plans could address by supporting diversification and improving how messages are spread by working in partnership with coastal forums
Wharf space is limited and needs to be protected from alternative developments to ensure that material can continue to be landed near to where it is required.ad South disposal site poses the risk of contamination of a nearby Marine Conservation Zone
There is the potential to encourage and enhance sustainable tourism and recreation activities in the Flamborough area because of the amount of wildlife in the area (e.g. Minke whale sightings, peregrine falcons nesting on the cliffs).
Construction and decommissioning of nuclear power stations provide social, environmental and economic opportunities and challenges to the area they are situated within.
Diversification of tourism activities to provide sustainable maritime year-round employment potential in areas reliant on this industry
Development of ports and harbours in response to the UK and international needs as identified in port and harbour masterplans
Habitat loss and climate change are interelated and both are negatively affecting many seabird areas in this plan area.
Fishing grounds in the region can be disrupted by the laying of cables. Concentrating the landing points to defined areas could help to reduce disruption.
It is important to consider the indirect consequences of plan interventions eg fishing needs landing facilites which inturn has shore side needs
Disposal of material from dredging activity at Rame head.
Engagement throughout the process
First Formal Development and Engagement
Point
Issues & evidence
365 Workshop Participants, from across the country
50 online responses
Overall, over 5000 issues identified with associated
evidence
Significant refinement followed
• Identifying if a policy response was possible
through the English marine system
• Identifying if policies from existing south and east
marine plans could address issues
Further analysis was undertaken following Iteration 1 to
draft policy options which may be used to respond to the
issues.
Engagement throughout the process
Second Formal Development and Engagement
Point
Options to address issues
Opportunity to receive stakeholder feedback on proposed
policy options to address identified issues
Engagement throughout the process
Possible responses
A: Do nothing
B: Existing policies
X-SCP-1 Proposals that may have a significant adverse impact upon the seascape of an area should only be supported if they demonstrate that they will, in order of
preference: a) avoid, b) minimise, c) mitigate significant adverse impacts upon the seascape of an area, d) if it is not possible to mitigate significant adverse impacts,
proposals should state the case for proceeding.
C: Proposals that may compromise or harm the significance of the seascape and/or landscape of an area should only be supported if they demonstrate that they will, in
order of preference: a) avoid b) minimise c) mitigate significant adverse impacts d) if it is not possible to mitigate, state the case for proceeding.
D: Signpost to existing management plans and guidance for protected landscapes in the marine plan area (Northumberland Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty,
North Yorkshire Moors National Park, and North Northumberland, Durham, North Yorkshire and Cleveland and Flamborough Head heritage coasts).
E: None of the above
617NE Certain seascapes have intrinsic value and should be protected.
597NE A reduction in the quality of seascapes is being caused by the cumulative visual impact of multiple existing and new activities and
developments within the plan area. This has implications for tourism, recreation, wellbeing and cultural values within and outside of the plan area.
503NE The concepts of seascape are not fully understood and there is uncertainty about how to consider impacts to seascape in a subnational policy
context.
Engagement throughout the process
Second Formal Development and Engagement
Point
Options to address issues
357 workshop participants, from across the country
140 online responses
Opportunity to receive stakeholder feedback on proposed
policy options to address identified issues.
Feedback on options to address issues significantly
refined.
Combined with information from other statutory
assessment processes and evidence, including SA (SEA)
and HRA.
Engagement throughout the process
Third Formal Development and Engagement
Point
Draft Policies
495 workshop participants
143 online responses
Opportunity for stakeholders to feedback on final draft
policies and associated supporting text, ahead of formal
draft plan consultation
Following engagement, final refinement and plan drafting
Engagement throughout the process
Statutory Public Consultation on the Draft Marine Plans
Required under the Marine and Coastal Access Act
Due to the pandemic online workshops were held, “webinars” – a
focus on understanding the marine plans and the consultation as
opposed to gathering information
Overall, a good response rate
• 113 webinar participants
• 209 online responses consisting of several thousand individual
comments
Generally strong agreement with the plan subject to minor changes.
SRO
Government and Governance• Secretary of State (SoS) for Environment, Food and
Rural Affairs is the planning authority
• SoS has delegated a number of functions to the MMO including preparation of marine plans
• Marine plans give effect to MPS and therefore wide range of policy matters, eg Transport, Planning, Energy, Business, as well as Environment
• Therefore engage with range of departments, including:
• Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs• Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy • Department for Transport • Ministry for Housing, Communities and Local Government • Ministry of Defence• The Crown Estate
Engagement throughout the processOverall Experience
Successful engagement steers planning, a golden thread
throughout the work
Multiple methods of engagement used to ensure full
coverage
Wide variety of sectors and stakeholders inputting
ensures consideration of all 3 pillars of sustainability and
enables coexistence
Ensures that stakeholders are aware of marine plans and
planning processes, resolving issues early and minimises
issues being raised late in the process
Continued increase in engagement and understanding of
marine planning ensures effective implementation and use
of marine plans
Marine Planning Cycle
Implementing Marine PlansA complex regulatory system• Many varied authorities in the English marine area
• Overlap with terrestrial planning between marine and terrestrial
authorities
• Implementation training delivered by the MMO e.g. webinars,
case studies, in person training
A broad range of decisions may be made using marine
plans:• Marine Management Organisation (MMO) - Marine Licensing
decisions
• Environment Agency: permitting of flood and coastal defence
works and water discharge
• Local Planning Authorities: determining planning permissions
• Inshore Fisheries and Conservation Authorities: making fisheries
byelaws
Applicants/developers and other users may use plans to:• Understand the context of their development, by reviewing the
marine plan policies at the pre-application stage
• Identify areas of constraint and risk with other development
• Decrease the risk of challenge late in the process by early
engagement with identified areas of constraint
• Find data and information relevant to their area of use
Marine Planning Cycle
Marine Planning in England
Thank you, any questions?Carl Jönsson BSc (Hons) MSc
Senior Marine Planner (Project Manager) | Marine Management Organisation
+ Lancaster House | Hampshire Court | Newcastle upon Tyne | NE4 7YH
8 [email protected] |( 0208 225 6704 | 📱 07920 861488
explore-marine-plans.marineservices.org.uk
Séquence 2Retour d'expérience du premier cycle des documents stratégiques de façade (DSF) & recommandations selon les 5 thèmes de MSP Global
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Présidente du bureau du Conseil national de la mer et des littoraux
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Approche écosystémique
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Participation et communication
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Transition écologique, évaluation et concertation Cerema
Consultation sur le volet opérationnel des documents stratégiques de façade du 20 mai au 20 août 2021
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