PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

Afnan .Y. Toonsi

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Skin: Inspect skin color.

Inspect uniformity of skin color.

Assess for edema (location, color, temperature, shape, and degree

Inspect, palpate, and describe skin lesions according to location, distribution, color, configuration, size, shape, type or structure.

Macule Papule

plaque, psoriasis

Nodule

Pustule

Vesicle

Pustule

Observe and palpate skin moisture.

Palpate skin temperature using the back of your fingers.

Note skin turgor by pinching the skin on an extremity.

Hair: Inspect evenness of growth over the scalp.

Inspect hair thickness or thinness.

Inspect hair texture and oiliness.

Note presence of infections by parting the hair in several areas

Inspect amount of body hair.

Nail: Inspect fingernail plate shape to determine its

curvature and angle

Nail: Inspect fingernail plate shape to determine its

curvature and angle

Nail: Inspect fingernail and toenail texture

Nail: Inspect fingernail and toenail bed color

Nail: Inspect tissue surrounding nails

Nail: Perform blanch test of capillary refill

MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

Muscles: Inspect the muscles for size .

Muscles: Inspect the muscles and tendons for

contracture.

Muscles: Inspect the muscles for tremor. Inspect any

tremors of hand and arm by having the client hold the arm out in front of the body.

Palpate muscles at rest to determine muscles tonicity .

Palpate muscles for flaccidity ( weakness or laxness ), spasticity ( sudden involuntary muscle contraction ) and smoothness of movement.

Test muscles strength.

Sternocleidomastoid:

Trapezius:

Biceps:

Deltoid :

Triceps:

Wrist & fingers:

Grip strength:

Hip adduction: Hip muscles:

Hamstrings:

Hip abduction: Quadriceps:

Dorsiflexion:

Bones: Inspect the skeleton for normal

structure and deformity.

Palpate the bone to locate any area of edema and tenderness.

Joints: Inspect the joint for swelling,

Palpate each joint for tenderness, smoothness of movement, swelling and presence of nodules.

Assess joint range of motion. The amount of joint movement can be measured by goniometer ,device that measure the angle of joint in degree.

Documentation.

Bones: Inspect the skeleton for normal

structure and deformity.

Palpate the bone to locate any area of edema and tenderness.

Joints: Inspect the joint for swelling,

Palpate each joint for tenderness, smoothness of movement, swelling and presence of nodules.

Assess joint range of motion. The amount of joint movement can be measured by goniometer ,device that measure the angle of joint in degree.

Documentation.