phrases and clauses what is a phrase? it is a group of words that go together. for example → in...
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Phrases and Clauses
• What is a phrase? It is a group of words that go together.
For example → in the morning, last month, in front of my houseA phrase DOES NOT HAVE A VERB OR A SUBJECT.
• What is a clause?It is a group of words that has a subject and a verb. Some sentences have only one clause.
For example → She found a good job. (simple sentence)
John studied in his room, but he couldn’t concentrate because of the loud noise. (compound sentence)
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Independent and Dependent Clauses
There are 2 types of clauses and understanding what they are can help improve your writing.
Independent clause:It is a group of words that has a subject and a verb, and it
expresses a complete thought. An independent clause IS A SENTENCE!!!!!
Dependent clause(subordinate):It is a group of words that has a subject and a verb, but it DOES
NOT EXPRESS a complete thought.
For example → If you study. (This called a fragment)This clause does not communicate a complete idea/thought. It is incomplete.
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Examples of clauses
It is very common to combine and use independent and dependent clauses together. These sentences are called complex sentences!!!!
For example → I will pass the test, if I study everyday.
When I feel tired, I go to bed.
Before I go to bed, I watch television to relax.
Notice that in order to combine the two clauses you need to use certain expressions to help make the connection between the two clauses.
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How to combine independent clauses
• Incorrect sentence: I like the class, it is interesting. Correct sentence: I like the class because it is interesting.
• Incorrect sentence: He enjoys walking through the country he often goes backpacking on his vacations.
Correct sentence: He enjoys walking through the country; he often goes backpacking on his vacations.
• When you have TWO INDEPENDENT CLAUSES, you can use conjunctions or the semicolon (;) to combine them.
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How to fix fragments
Incorrect sentence: Because I forgot it in my room.Correct sentence: I didn’t bring my book because I forgot it in
my room.
Incorrect sentence: After he calls me.Correct sentence: After he calls me, I am going to take a
shower.
Incorrect sentence: While I was sleeping.Correct sentence: While I was sleeping, my brother
called me and left me a message.