ph financial system

8/20/2019 Ph Financial System

1/21

MAJOR TYPES OF

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS


2/21


3/21

COMMERCIAL BANKS

• A BANK THAT OFFERS SERVICES TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC AND TOCOMPANIES

• SERVICES: ACCEPTING DEPOSITS,GIVING BUSINESS LOANS AND AUTOLOANS, MORTGAGE, AND BASIC

INVESTMENT PRODUCTS LIKE SA,AND CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT


4/21

Bank of t! P"#"$$"n! I%#an&%C"t"'ank P"#"$$"n!%E()"ta'#! BankFa* Ea%t Bank + T*)%t Co$an-

Int!*nat"ona# E./an0! BankLan& Bank of t! P"#"$$"n!%M!t*o$o#"tan Bank an& T*)%tCo$an- 1M!t*o'ank2

P"#"$$"n! Bank"n0 Co*$o*at"on1P"#Bank2P"#"$$"n! Co!*/"a#Int!*nat"ona# Bank 1PCI Bank2P"#"$$"n! Nat"ona# BankSo#"&'ank Co*$o*at"onStan&a*& Ca*t!*!&Un"on'ank of t! P"#"$$"n!%Un"t!& Co/on)t P#ant!*% Bank

U*'an Bank


5/21

RURAL BANKS

• 3R)*a# A/t of 455678 9Co*- A()"no

• D!%"0n!& to ak! n!!&!& /*!&"taa"#a'#! an& *!a&"#- a//!%%"'#! "nt! *)*a# a*!a% on *!a%ona'#! t!*%7

• Fo* )n&!*$*""#!0!&

• A//!$t %a"n0 an& t"! &!$o%"t;


6/21

THRIFT BANKS

• RA

• 3T*"ft 'ank%3 %a## "n/#)&! %a"n0%an& o*t0a0! 'ank%, $*"at!&!!#o$!nt 'ank%, an& %to/k%a"n0% an& #oan% a%%o/"at"on%o*0an"?!& )n&!* !."%t"n0 #a@%, an&

an- 'ank"n0 /o*$o*at"on tat a- '!o*0an"?!& fo* t! fo##o@"n0 $)*$o%!%:


7/21

• 142 A//))#at"n0 t! %a"n0% of &!$o%"to*% an&"n!%t"n0 t!, to0!t!* @"t /a$"ta# #oan%%!/)*!& '- 'on&%, o*t0a0!% "n *!a# !%tat! an&"n%)*!& "$*o!!nt% t!*!on, /att!# o*t0a0!,

'on&% an& ot!* fo*% of %!/)*"t- o* "n #oan% fo*$!*%ona# o* o)%!o#& nan/!, @!t!* %!/)*!&o* )n%!/)*!&, o* "n nan/"n0 fo* o!')"#&"n0an& o! &!!#o$!nt; "n *!a&"#- a*k!ta'#!

an& &!'t %!/)*"t"!%; "n /o!*/"a# $a$!*% an&a//o)nt% *!/!"a'#!%, &*aft%, '"##% of !./an0!,a//!$tan/!% o* not!% a*"%"n0 o)t of /o!*/"a#t*an%a/t"on%;


8/21

• 162 P*o"&"n0 %o*tt!* @o*k"n0/a$"ta#, !&") an& #on0t!*nan/"n0, to ')%"n!%%!% !n0a0!& "n

a0*"/)#t)*!, %!*"/!%, "n&)%t*- an&o)%"n0; an&

• 12 P*o"&"n0 &"!*%"!& nan/"a# an&

a##"!& %!*"/!% fo* "t% /o%!n a*k!tan& /on%t"t)!n/"!% %$!/"a##- fo* %a##an& !&") !nt!*$*"%!% an&

"n&""&)a#%7


9/21

SPECIALIED GOVT FINANCIAL

INSTITUTIONS

• t!%! a*! /o$#!t!#- 0o!*n!nto@n!& "n%t"t)t"on% !%ta'#"%!& a"n#-to $*o"&! !&") an& #on0t!*

/*!&"t% to t! "n&)%t*"a#, a0*"/)#t)*a#an& *!a# !%tat! %!/to*% of t!!/ono-7


10/21

OFFSHORE BANKS

• "% a bank #o/at!& o)t%"&! t! /o)nt*-of *!%"&!n/! of t! &!$o%"to*7

T-$"/a##-, an "n&""&)a# o* /o$an-

@"## )%! an ofshore bank "n a #o@ta. )*"%&"/t"on 1o* ta. a!n2 tat$*o"&!% nan/"a# an& #!0a#

a&anta0!%7


11/21

INSURANCE COMPANIES

• A ')%"n!%% tat $*o"&!% /o!*a0!, "n t!fo* of /o$!n%at"on *!%)#t"n0 f*o #o%%,&aa0!%, "n)*-, t*!at!nt o* a*&%"$ "n

!./an0! fo* $*!") $a-!nt%7 T!/o$an- /a#/)#at!% t! *"%k of o//)**!n/!t!n &!t!*"n!% t! /o%t to *!$#a/! 1$a- fo*2 t! #o%% to &!t!*"n! t! $*!")

ao)nt7• P*!") t! $*"/! of "n%)*an/!; ao)nt

$a"& fo* "n%)*an/!

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/business.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/provide.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/coverage.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/form.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/capital-gain-loss-holding-period.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/damages.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/injury.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/hardship.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/exchange.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/premium.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/payment.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/company.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/calculate.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/risk.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/cost.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/pay.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/amount.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/amount.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/pay.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/cost.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/risk.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/calculate.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/company.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/payment.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/premium.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/exchange.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/hardship.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/injury.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/damages.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/capital-gain-loss-holding-period.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/form.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/coverage.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/provide.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/business.html


12/21


13/21

NONBANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTION

• $!*%on% o* !nt"t"!% @o%! $*"n/"$a#f)n/t"on% "n/#)&! t! #!n&"n0, "n!%t"n0, o*$#a/!!nt of f)n&% o* !"&!n/!% of !()"t-

&!$o%"t!& @"t t!, o* ot!*@"%! /o)*%!&t*o)0 t!, !"t!* fo* t!"* o@n a//o)nto* fo* t! a//o)nt of ot!*%7

• "% a nan/"a# "n%t"t)t"on tat &o!% not

a! a f)## 'ank"n0 #"/!n%! o* "% not%)$!*"%!& '- a nat"ona# o* "nt!*nat"ona#'ank"n0 *!0)#ato*- a0!n/-7

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_institutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bankhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bankhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_institution


14/21

• COMMERCIAL BANKS

• RURAL BANKS

• THRIFT BANKS

• SPECIALIED GOVT FINANCIAL INST7

• OFFSHORE BANKS

• INSURANCE COMPANIES

• NONBANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTION

• An intermediary "% %o!on! @o a/t% a% a 0o'!t@!!n o* a!&"ato* '!t@!!n t@o ot!* $!o$#!7

TAKEDEPOSI

TSFROMPUBLI

I!TERMEDIARIES "IT# !O!$DEPOSITSOURES OFFU!DS


15/21

TAATION

• %E!ERAL PRI!IPLES

• PO"ER OF TA'ATIO!

•

TA'ATIO! ( $o@!* '- @"/ t!%o!*!"0n t*o)0 "t% #a@ak"n0'o&- *a"%!% *!!n)! to &!f*a- t!n!/!%%a*- !.$!n%!% of 0o!*n!nt

f*o aon0 to%! @o "n %o!!a%)*! a*! $*""#!0!& to !no- "t%'!n!t% an& )%t '!a* "t% ')*&!n%7


16/21

• TA'ES ( !nfo*/!& $*o$o*t"ona#/ont*"')t"on% f*o t! $!*%on% an&$*o$!*t- #!"!& '- t! #a@ak"n0

'o&- of t! Stat! '- "*t)! of "t%%o!*!"0nt- "n %)$$o*t of0o!*n!nt an& fo* $)'#"/ n!!&%7


17/21

#ARATERISTIS OF TA'ES

• fo*/!& /a*0!;

• $!/)n"a*- ')*&!n $a-a'#! "n on!-;

•

#!"!& '- t! #!0"%#at)*!;• a%%!%%!& @"t %o! *!a%ona'#! *)#!

of a$$o*t"on!nt; 1%!! t!o*!t"/a# )%t"/!2

• "$o%!& '- t! Stat! @"t"n "t% )*"%&"/t"on;

• #!"!& fo* a $)'#"/ $)*$o%!7


18/21

RE)UISITES OF A *ALID TA'

• %o)#& '! fo* a $)'#"/ $)*$o%!

• t! *)#! of ta.at"on %a## '! )n"fo*

• tat !"t!* t! $!*%on o* $*o$!*t- ta.!& '!

@"t"n t! )*"%&"/t"on of t! ta."n0 a)to*"t-• tat t! a%%!%%!nt an& /o##!/t"on of /!*ta"n

k"n&% of ta.!% 0)a*ant!!% a0a"n%t "n)%t"/! to"n&""&)a#%, !%$!/"a##- '- @a- of not"/! an&

o$$o*t)n"t- fo* !a*"n0 '! $*o"&!&• t! ta. )%t not "$"n0! on t! "n!*!nt an&

Con%t"t)t"ona# #""tat"on% on t! $o@!* ofta.at"on


19/21

T#EORIES A!D BASES OFTA'ATIO!

• Li+eb,ood Theory – Ta.!% a*! @at @! $a- fo* /""#"?!&

%o/"!t-7 "to)t ta.!%, t! 0o!*n!nt

@o)#& '! $a*a#-?!& fo* #a/k of t!ot"! $o@!* to a/t"at! an& o$!*at! "t7H!n/!, &!%$"t! t! nat)*a# *!#)/tan/! to%)**!n&!* $a*t of on!% a*&!a*n!&"n/o! to t! ta."n0 a)to*"t"!%, !!*-$!*%on @o "% a'#! to )%t /ont*"')t!"% %a*! "n t! *)nn"n0 of t!

0o!*n!nt7 (CIR v. Algue, Inc.)


20/21


• !e-essity Theory – T! $o@!* to ta. "% an att*"')t! of %o!*!"0nt-

!anat"n0 f*o n!/!%%"t-7 It "% a n!/!%%a*-')*&!n to $*!%!*! t! Stat!% %o!*!"0nt- an& a!an% to 0"! t! /"t"?!n*- an a*- to *!%"%t ana00*!%%"on, a na- to &!f!n& "t% %o*!% f*o"na%"on, a /o*$% of /""# %!*ant% to %!*!,$)'#"/ "$*o!!nt% &!%"0n!& fo* t!

!no-!nt of t! /"t"?!n*- an& to%! @"//o! @"t"n t! Stat!% t!**"to*-, an& fa/"#"t"!%an& $*ot!/t"on @"/ a 0o!*n!nt "% %)$$o%!&to $*o"&!7 (Phil. Guaranty Co., Inc. v. CIR)


21/21


• Bene.ts$Prote-tion / Re-i0ro-ity Theory

• Ta.at"on "% &!%/*"'!& a% a symbioticrelationship @!*!'- "n !./an0! of t!

'!n!t% an& $*ot!/t"on tat t! /"t"?!n% 0!tf*o t! Go!*n!nt, ta.!% a*! $a"&7 (CIR v. Algue, Inc.)

• Note: "#! ta.!% a*! "nt!n&!& fo* 0!n!*a#

'!n!t%, %$!/"a# '!n!t% to ta.$a-!*% a*! not*!()"*!&7 T! Go!*n!nt *!n&!*% no %$!/"a#o* /o!n%)*at! '!n!t to an- $a*t"/)#a*$!*%on o* $*o$!*t-7

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