personal safety in a healthy world
DESCRIPTION
Personal Safety in a Healthy World. 6 th Grade Health . Student Expectations Summarize how to act safely at home and on your way to and from home Explain ways to be safe in your community Identify ways to act safely outdoors and in weather emergencies - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
6 T H GRADE HEALTH
Personal Safety in a Healthy World
Student Expectations Summarize how to act safely at home and on your way
to and from home Explain ways to be safe in your community Identify ways to act safely outdoors and in weather
emergencies Describe the basics of first aid for emergencies Identify ways of protecting the environment Describe ways to reduce the amount of garbage this is
produced
Safety at Home and Away
Essential QuestionsWhy is it important for me to know how to act safely?
What can I do to prevent accidents in my home?
What are some safety tips for traveling to and from my home?
Building Safe Habits
An important part of being a healthy person is practicing safe habits
This means not taking unnecessary risk Risk – potentially harmful chances
Wear your seat belt while riding in a car, wear a helmet while riding your bike, wear appropriate clothes if you have to be out in inclement weather
Acting Safely
Safety rules help protect you from hurting yourselfDon’t give into peer pressure
Think before you actKnow your own limits
The Accident Chain
Most accidents can be preventedThe accident chain can be broken if any one
of the first three elements is changed There are Five Elements
The situation The unsafe habit The unsafe action The Accident The result of the accident
Safety in the Home
You probably think your home is a safe place
However, most homes are filled with hazards Hazard – a possible source of harm
Preventing Falls
Wipe up spills right awayKeep steps and stairways well lit and
free of objectsFasten rugs firmly to the floorUse nonskid mats in baths and showersDo not run on wet or waxed floorsUse a sturdy stepladder to reach items
on high shelves
Electrical Safety
Do not use appliances with frayed wires
Pull out plugs by the plug itself, not the cord
Put only two plugs in an outlet at a time
Keep electrical products away from water
Do not use electrical products if you are wet
Fire Safety
Never play with matches or lightersInstall smoke detectors on each level of your
homeRecycle old newspapers, and throw away old
oil soaked ragsMake sure no one smokes in bedKeep a fire extinguisher on each level of your
homeKeep stoves clean and be careful when
cookingCheck electrical wires and outlets for safety
Guns Safety
Guns should be kept in locked cabinetsGuns should be stored unloadedChildren should not handle gunsIf guns are carried, the barrel should point
downwardGuns should never be pointed at anyone
Safety on the Way
There are many hazards on your way to and from home. Awareness of them and of the safety rules that apply to them will help you prevent accidents and injuries when you travel
Highway Safety
Always wear a safety belt when riding in a car
Cross at crosswalks at intersections Pedestrian – anyone who travels on foot
Look left, right, then left again when crossing the road
Watch for driver who are turning right at a red light
Be aware of bicyclistObey traffic signalsWatch for small children
Safety in Your Community
Essential Questions What causes people to act in violent ways?
How can I avoid becoming a victim of violent crimes?
What is being done to help make my home, school, and community safe?
Violence in Society
Violence, or use of physical force to harm someone, is very serious in the United States
Certain random crimes, such as carjackings and drive-by shootings, are reported daily in newspapers and on television Carjaking- occurs when a person steals a car hy
threatening the driver with a weapon Drive-by-shooting – are shootings that occur form a
moving car
Causes of Violence
Anger – people who have not learned healthy ways to handle anger may act violently in tense situations
Drugs and Alcohol – sometimes people who use drugs or alcohol become violent. In many cases, violence results when people try to by and sell frugs illegally
Peep Pressure – Teens face pressure from other teens to be part of a group
Prejudice – which is judgment about someone that is not based on fact or knowledge of the person
Causes of Violence
Gun Possession – Guns are easily available in the United Sates. People carry guns to make them feel powerful and to impress peers.
Being Safe in School
School programs designed to prevent arguments from turning into violence include the following Peer mediation and crisis intervention programs Violence prevention programs in which students are
taught to respect the feelings, opinions, and values of others
Counselors to talk with troubled students Student assistance programs Health education classes
Being Safe in School Continued
School leaders and police departments are working to keep students safe while they are school as well Dress code or uniforms Removing of lockers Metal detectors to search for weapons Security guards or Resource Officers Gun and drug sniffing dogs Video cameras on school busses and on school
grounds
Being Safe on the Streets
Communities are working to keep the streets safe. Some communities have increased the number of police officers who patrol the neighborhoods.
Stricter gun laws have been passed in many communities, and punishments for violent crimes have been increased
People in many areas participate in Neighborhood Watch programs – police train residents to look for and report suspicious activity in their neighborhood
Safety Outdoors and in Weather Emergencies
Essential QuestionsWhy should I have a “buddy” when I
am involved in outdoor activities?What do I need to know about water
safety to prevent drowning?What are some safety tips that I need
to know for camping or for winter sports?
Being Safe Outdoors
Use the buddy systemKnow your limitsUse the proper equipment for an activityBe aware of weather conditionsLearn the safety rules that apply to the
activity you will take part inWarm up before exercising, and cool down
afterwards
Water Safety
The first thing you need to do before taking part in water sports, is learn to swim well
You can take swimming lessons from trained swim instructors. They will be able to let you know when you are ready to take part in water sports
Never go swimming alone Only go to pools or beaches with lifeguards
on dutyUse the buddy system – when taking part in
water sports, go with a family member or friend
Water Safety Continued
Never eat a heavy meal before swimming. This can cause your muscles to tighten, making it difficult to swim easily
Never swim if you are tired or felling fatigued Only dive if you have had lesson in diving
Never dive into above ground pools or shallow water If you are unsure of how deep the water is, walk into the
water first Swimming or falling into cold water, puts you
at risk of Hypothermia – sudden drop in body temperature
Hiking or Camping
Wear clothes that are appropriate for the weather conditions, and the season
Take the proper equipment – include a first aid kit, flash light, compass, and fresh water
Stay in a specified campsite or on a marked trialBe able to identify and avoid poisonous snakes,
plants, and insectsDo not cook in tents- this could cause a fire Put out camp fires completely – cover with
water, cover with sand or dirt, stir gently
Weather Emergenices
Floods – The most common natural disaster Some floods take days to develop, while others
take minutes In the event of heavy rains, listen to local radio or
television stations Be prepared to leave the area and retreat to
higher ground If a flood occurs, do not walk or drive through
moving water
Earthquakes
Earthquakes occur as a result of the ground shaking as the rock below the surface moves
If you are inside during an earthquake, stay inside
Stand in hallways and away from objects that could fall
If you are outside, try and stand in open space, away from building, trees, and power lines
Hurricanes
Hurricane - is a strong windstorm with driving rainHurricanes develop over large bodies of water
If you know a hurricane is emanate, move inland
Bring pets inside
Tornadoes
A tornado is whirling, funnel-shaped wind storm that drops from the sky to the ground Tornado Watch – when the weather condition are right
for a tornado Tornado Warning – A tornado has been sighted
In the event of a tornado, move to a storm cellar of basement. If this is not possible, go to a hallway or other place that does not have windows. If you are outside, lie flat in a ditch and cover yourself with something protective, such as a blanket or clothing.
First Aid
Essential Questions What do I do for someone who needs
first aid?How can I help someone who is
bleeding?Is there anything I can do for a
person who is choking?What can I do to help someone who
has been burned?
What is First Aid?
In an emergency, first aid is the care first given to a person who becomes injured or ill until regular medical care can be supplied Knowing what to do
Rescue the victim Only move the victim if he or she is in an unsafe location
Check the victims breathing Clear the victims airway is blocked, try to clear the blockage
Control sever bleeding Apply direct pressure to the wound if the victim is severely
bleeding Get medical help
Call 911 as soon as possible
Basic Techniques
Rescue Breathing If you are not sure if the victim is breathing,
place your ear and cheek close to the victims nose and mouth
Look, listen, and feel for breathing Watch for the rise and fall of the victims chest If the victim is not breathing, you can perform
Rescue Breathing – this is a substitute for normal breathing in which someone forces air into the victims lungs
Basic Techniques
Bleeding Apply direct pressure to the wound
Use a clean cloth to cover the wound, then apply pressure
If the blood soaks through, add more cloth, do not remove the first piece of cloth
Use a combination of direct pressure and pressure to the main artery
Carefully raise the bleeding body part above the level of the victims heart This will help slow the blood loss If the body part contains a broken bone, do not move it
Basic Techniques
Choking – is a condition that occurs when a person’s airway becomes blocked The universal sign of choking – the victim will grab
their throat with both hands Other signs of choking may include coughing, and
difficulty speaking or breathing Abdominal thrust may be used if a victim is unable to
breath This method uses quick, upward pulls into the diaphram
to force out the substance blocking the airway
Basic Techniques
PoisoningIf you fear that you or someone else
has been poisoned call 911 immediately Be ready to tell the operator:
What was ingestedApproximately how much was ingested
Age and weight of victim
Basic Techniques
Burns First degree burns
Least harmful type of burn outer layer of skin is burned and turns red Example: minor sun burn Treat with cool water, and wrap in a loose, dry dressing
Second degree burns The burned area will blister Examples: severe sun burns and scalding Treatment: cool burned area with cool water, wrap burn
in a clean, dry dressing, do not pop blisters
Burns Continued
Third degree burns Most serious type of burn Deeper layers of skin are damaged as well as nerve
endings Examples: burns caused by electricity, fire, and
chemicals Victim will need immediate medical attention While you wait for professional help, you can cover
the burn with a clean, dry dressing Do not apply water, ointment, or ice to the burn