personal finance savings and checking accounts. how banks (do not) work banks do not hold all of our...
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Personal FinanceSavings and Checking Accounts
How Banks (Do Not) Work
Banks do not hold all of our money when we deposit it
How Banks Work Customers deposit money (Bank pays interest)
Bank loans money (Bank collects interest) Bank keeps “fractional reserve” on hand
Fees ATM Bounced Checks Account Maintenance Many, many more
Banks v. Credit Unions For-Profit Business Anyone can be a
customer Higher fees and rates
on loans Lower rates on
savings
Non-Profit Must be a member of
a certain group to join Employer Community
Lower fees and loan rates
Higher savings rates
What your bank can do for you Main types of accounts
Checking Accounts Savings Accounts Money-market Accounts Certificates of Deposit (CD’s)
Other services (we’ll discuss later) Insurance Investing Loans
Checking Accounts Similar to savings accounts Deposit and withdraw money (checks & ATM) May or may not earn interest Debit Cards FDIC Insured Online Banking
Writing a Check
4/25/13
$1,200.00Jacob Deer
One thousand, two hundred and 00/100
May rent Jane Doe
Savings Accounts FDIC Insured
Up to $250,000 (through 12/31/13) Deposit money & it earns interest
0-2% typical interest for a savings account Weekly changes in interest rate possible
Withdraw money whenever, with no penalty Interest rate
Generally low May be higher if you keep more $$ in your account
Money-Market Accounts Similar to savings account, but more restrictions
Fewer withdrawals allowed Higher minimum balances required Interest rates could change weekly
Pays a higher interest rate than regular savings But not MUCH higher
Certificates of Deposit (CD) Agree to keep money deposited for certain amount
of time 3-month, 6-month, 1-year, 2-years, 5-years Guaranteed interest rate for life of CD Penalties if you withdraw money before time is up
Highest interest rates of any bank savings product
Generally, NOT for short-term savings
Rate Comparison of APY (Annual Percentage Yield)
Bank of America APY Checking Account – N/A Savings Account – 0.01% Money-Market Account –
0.10%+ 6-Month CD – 0.10% 1-Year CD – 0.25% 5-Year CD – 0.45%
Metro Credit Union APY Checking Account – N/A Savings Account – 0.15% Money-Market Account –
0.25%+ 6-Month CD – 0.30% 1-Year CD – 0.55% 5-Year CD – 1.70%
Rate Comparison of APY
Bank of America APY Based on $5,000
Checking Account – N/A Savings Account – 0.01% ($50) Money-Market Account – 0.10%+
($500) 6-Month CD – 0.10% ($500) 1-Year CD – 0.25% ($1250) 5-Year CD – 0.45% ($2250)
Metro Credit Union APY Based on $5,000
Checking Account – N/A Savings Account – 0.15% ($750) Money-Market Account – 0.25%+
($1250) 6-Month CD – 0.30% ($1500) 1-Year CD – 0.55% ($2750) 5-Year CD – 1.70% ($8500)
When Selecting a Bank
Features of accounts Overdraft protection, ATM, Online
Banking What are the interest rates
offered? Compare APY (Annual
Percentage Yield) Read the fine print for restrictions and fee information
When Selecting a Bank
How will you bank Online? Use ATMS? Use Tellers?
Where will you bank Do they have convenient locations?
Selecting an Account
Beating Bank Fees Checking can cost $200-plus a year ($5-$20 a month) Buy cheap checks by ordering direct from printer Avoid Overdraft and Maintenance Fees ($5 - $40) Avoid ATM fees by using your bank’s ATM ($1 - $3) Find out what “Free” means
Balance requirement? Direct-deposit required? Know what is allowed with your account
Some accounts charge for things like teller visits
Calculating interest paid for loans When you borrow money from a bank, the amount you borrow is called
the Principal, P. The amount you pay for the use of the money you borrowed is called
the Interest, I. The amount of interest you pay depends on the amount you borrow,
the interest rate in percent, R and the Time, T, or length of time you borrow the money in years.
Simple interest is paid on the principal only To calculate interest, banks use the following formula:
I=PRT "P" is the Principal and is the amount you borrow; "R" is the interest Rate
in percent; "T" is the Time in years.