people: activity. people in design as we mentioned, activities can be considered from the two...
TRANSCRIPT
People: Activity
People in Design
As we mentioned, activities can be considered from the two following perspectives:– Fine Motor Skill– Gross Motor Skill
People in Design
Motor skills are motions carried out by the body, Fine motor skills are small movements – such as grabbing something with your thumb and forefinger, whereas Gross motor skills are the bigger movements – such as running and jumping.
People: Activity – Fine Motor Skills
People in Design - Fine Motor Skills
Fine Motor Skills allow human beings to use complex tools, and to grasp and hold objects in a variety of ways.
Consider the simple example of picking up a pen and repositioning it in your hand to write with it, this requires a remarkable degree of dexterity to achieve.
People in Design - Fine Motor Skills
Fine motor activities occur in almost every single activity we do throughout the day.
Good fine motor skills stem from having developed solid sensory, motor and perceptual foundations, something which we develop from birth and continue to develop right throughout our life span.
People in Design - Fine Motor Skills
Types of Grips– The Power Grip – The Pinch Grip – The Support Grip– The External Precision Grip– The Internal Precision Grip– The Ulnar Storage Grip– The Stretching Grip
People in Design - Fine Motor Skills
The Power Grip – Also called the Crush Grip– This is what is most commonly thought of as
"grip". It involves a handshake-type grip, where the object being gripped rests firmly against the palm and all fingers.
People in Design - Fine Motor Skills
The Pinch Grip – This is where the fingers are on one side of an
object, and the thumb is on the other. Typically, an object lifted in a pinch grip does not touch the palm.
People in Design - Fine Motor Skills
The Support Grip– Also called the Hook Grip – This typically involves holding something, such as
the handle of a bucket, for a long time.
People in Design - Fine Motor Skills
The External Precision Grip– This is like a pinch grip, but the instrument is held
in the cleft of the thumb and supported at the meeting of the thumb and the index finger.
People in Design - Fine Motor Skills
The Internal Precision Grip– Here the instrument is held by the tips of the
thumb, index and middle fingers. The hand is steadied by the little finger edge of the hand and perhaps knuckles resting or moving on the work surface, or against the other hand.
People in Design - Fine Motor Skills
The Ulnar Storage Grip– This is where the little finger and ring finger hold
on object, and the rest of the fingers are free to do other things. For example, holding a drinking glass in the other three fingers, and a bottle by the top with an ulnar storage grip.
People in Design - Fine Motor Skills
The Stretching Grip– This grip involves stretching a limp material using
the index and middle finger on one side and the thumb, ring finger, and little finger on the other.
Fine Motor Skills Tests (1 of 3)
Perdue Pegboard Test – This measures two types of activities: gross
movements of hands, fingers and arms, and "fingertip" dexterity in an assembly task. Involves sequential insertion of pegs and assembly of pegs, collars and washers.
Fine Motor Skills Tests (2 of 3)
Complete Minnesota Dexterity Test– This measures simple hand-eye coordination and
gross motor skills. It consists of a battery of five tests: Placing, Turning, Displacing, One-Hand Turning and Placing and Two-Hand Turning and Placing.
Fine Motor Skills Tests (3 of 3)
EpicRehab Hand Function Sort– This is a 62-item questionnaire that quantifies the
disabled person’s perception of ability to perform work tasks that involve the hands and upper extremities
People: Activity – Gross Motor Skills
People in Design
Reach Reach (or arm span) is the measure of
maximum distance that a person can stretch their arms apart from each other, and it is measured from fingertip to fingertip.
It is usually close to a person’s height.
People in Design
Locomotion Human locomotion is also a highly complex
process, and includes things such as walking, running, swimming, and jumping.
These processes require a combination of energy, balance, and structural support.
People in Design
Locomotion A key variable in gait is foot strike. We generally classify foot strike in one of
three ways:– forefoot strike –ball of foot lands first– midfoot strike – heel and ball land simultaneously– heel strike –heel of foot lands first
People in Design
Locomotion Gait is the specific term we use for
locomotion when discussing a human. So we say that gait is the way locomotion is
achieved using human limbs.