2222

PENINGPENING

low the Shofarlow the Shofar

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PENINGPENING

Why do we blow the Shofar?Why do we blow the Shofar?

Exodus 19:16Exodus 19:16““On the morning of the third day there On the morning of the third day there

was thunder and lightning, with a thick was thunder and lightning, with a thick cloud over the mountain, and there cloud over the mountain, and there was the sounding of a very loud was the sounding of a very loud SHOFAR blast. Everyone in the camp SHOFAR blast. Everyone in the camp trembled.”trembled.”

Because this is the way G-D begins sacred Because this is the way G-D begins sacred assembliesassemblies

44444

abbath Lightingabbath Lighting

Baruch Attaw Adoni Elohaynu Melech Ha Baruch Attaw Adoni Elohaynu Melech Ha Olam Asher kidshanu bimitzvotav venatanu Olam Asher kidshanu bimitzvotav venatanu lechad likner shell Shabbatlechad likner shell Shabbat

55555

HEMA ISRAELHEMA ISRAELHear oh IsraelHear oh Israel

Shema Israel Adoni ElohaynuShema Israel Adoni Elohaynu((Hear oh Israel the L-RD Hear oh Israel the L-RD our G-D)our G-D)

Adoni EchadAdoni Echad((The L-RD is oneThe L-RD is one))

66666

hy do we recite/sing the SHEMA?hy do we recite/sing the SHEMA?Because Messiah said it was the greatest CommandmentBecause Messiah said it was the greatest Commandment

Mark 12:28-29Mark 12:28-29

2828 And one of the scribes came, and having heard And one of the scribes came, and having heard them reasoning together, and perceiving that He had them reasoning together, and perceiving that He had answered them well, asked Him, “answered them well, asked Him, “Which is the Which is the greatest commandment of allgreatest commandment of all?”?”

2929 And Jesus answered him, “The And Jesus answered him, “The first of allfirst of all the the commandments is, commandments is, Hear, O Israel; The Lord our Hear, O Israel; The Lord our God is one Lord:”God is one Lord:”

777

e-nay Ma Tove-nay Ma Tov

Behold how good - Psalm 133:1Behold how good - Psalm 133:1AmAm

He-Nay Maw toveHe-Nay Maw toveBehold how good Behold how good

Oo-maw nye—eemOo-maw nye—eemAnd how pleasant it is And how pleasant it is

Shevet aw-heemShevet aw-heemFor brothers to dwellFor brothers to dwell

Gum Yaw HawdGum Yaw HawdIn unityIn unity

888

menmenCL 3CL 3 AA

A-men ….A-men….A-men, A-men, A-menA-men ….A-men….A-men, A-men, A-men

Baw-rouk Ha-Shem, Baw-rouk Ha-Shem,Baw-rouk Ha-Shem, Baw-rouk Ha-Shem,Blessed be the NameBlessed be the Name, , blessed be the Nameblessed be the Name

Baw-rouk Ha-Shem Me-she-achBaw-rouk Ha-Shem Me-she-achBlessed be the Name of MessiahBlessed be the Name of Messiah

999

-Seh Shalom-Seh ShalomCL3 Play EmCL3 Play Em

EmEm

O-seh Shalom O-seh Shalom Beem rue-mawvBeem rue-mawvAm D7 G Em Am D7 G Em

Who yah-seh Who yah-seh Shalom aw-lay-nu Shalom aw-lay-nu Am D7 G Am D7 G

V'al kol V'al kol Yees-raw-aleYees-raw-aleEm Am Em Bf7 EmEm Am Em Bf7 Em

B'-eem rue B'-eem rue Eem rue Ah- mainEem rue Ah- main  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Em Am D7 GEm Am D7 G

Ya-a-seh sha-lom Ya-a-seh sha-lom Ya-a-seh sha-lom Ya-a-seh sha-lom G Bf7 EmG Bf7 Em

Shalom aw-lay-new V’al kol Yees-raw-aleShalom aw-lay-new V’al kol Yees-raw-aleSing twice 2XSing twice 2X

10

ring our gifts to the altarring our gifts to the altar

We Bring Our Sacrifice We Bring Our Sacrifice WithWith Praise Praise

We Bring Our Sacrifice We Bring Our Sacrifice WithWith Praise PraiseUnto the House of the LORD (2 X)Unto the House of the LORD (2 X)

And we offer unto HimAnd we offer unto HimOur sacrifices Our sacrifices withwith thanksgiving thanksgiving And we offer unto HimAnd we offer unto HimOur sacrifices Our sacrifices withwith joy joy

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• Today we’re going Today we’re going to cover law and it’s to cover law and it’s relation to love and relation to love and then we’ll cover then we’ll cover some information some information regarding the regarding the Ketuba, also known Ketuba, also known as the marriage as the marriage contract.contract.

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• We’ll then conclude We’ll then conclude with a reading of the with a reading of the Ketuba.Ketuba.

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• By studying Hebrew By studying Hebrew and Talmud we can and Talmud we can better understand the better understand the words of Yeshua.words of Yeshua.

• For example…For example…

• When Yeshua When Yeshua quoted Rabbi quoted Rabbi Hillel…Hillel…

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• Matt 22:37Matt 22:37

• ““You shall love the Lord your God with all You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind.” This is the greatest and first your mind.” This is the greatest and first commandment. And a second is like it: “You commandment. And a second is like it: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” On shall love your neighbor as yourself.” On these two commandments these two commandments hanghang all the law and all the law and the prophets.the prophets.

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• When we read these When we read these words from Hillel in words from Hillel in Hebrew we see the word Hebrew we see the word “hang” is better “hang” is better translated as “derived”translated as “derived”

• All the Law is All the Law is derivedderived from these two from these two commandments. commandments.

• We can also understand We can also understand the context better from the context better from Hillel’s explanation.Hillel’s explanation.

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• Hillel’s original Hillel’s original statement from statement from which Yeshua was which Yeshua was quoting is directly quoting is directly related to the 10 related to the 10 Commandments.Commandments.

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• Hillel pointed out that Hillel pointed out that the first 4 the first 4 commandments are commandments are concerned with our love concerned with our love for G-d.for G-d.

• And the last 6 are And the last 6 are concerned with our love concerned with our love for our fellow man.for our fellow man.

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• We can see this here…We can see this here…

• The first 4 are related to our love for G-dThe first 4 are related to our love for G-d

• 1 You shall have no other gods before me1 You shall have no other gods before me

• 2 You shall not have a graven image2 You shall not have a graven image

• 3 Do not take the name of the Lord in vain3 Do not take the name of the Lord in vain

• 4 Remember the Sabbath and keep it holy4 Remember the Sabbath and keep it holy

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• The next 6 are related to our love for manThe next 6 are related to our love for man• 5 Honor your father and mother5 Honor your father and mother• 6 You shall not kill/murder6 You shall not kill/murder• 7 You shall not commit adultery7 You shall not commit adultery• 8 You shall not steal8 You shall not steal• 9 You shall not bear false witness against your 9 You shall not bear false witness against your

neighborneighbor• 10 You shall not covet your neighbor's wife10 You shall not covet your neighbor's wife

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• The implications of The implications of understanding Yeshua’s understanding Yeshua’s words in this way are far words in this way are far reaching because this reaching because this passage is usually used by passage is usually used by the Church to mean we the Church to mean we don’t have to keep the law don’t have to keep the law anymore, “we just have to anymore, “we just have to love”.love”.

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• It’s a very slick doctrine It’s a very slick doctrine that the Church is trying that the Church is trying to put over on us here.to put over on us here.

• Because it is true, that all Because it is true, that all we have to do is love but we have to do is love but that that includesincludes Law and Law and doesn’t doesn’t excludeexclude it! it!

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• Once we really Once we really understand this, there’s understand this, there’s a domino effect in a domino effect in understanding other understanding other Scriptures in the New Scriptures in the New Testament.Testament.

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• You see, if we DO truly You see, if we DO truly LOVE G-d we will keep LOVE G-d we will keep every one of His every one of His Commandments.Commandments.

• And if we DO truly LOVE And if we DO truly LOVE our fellow man, we will our fellow man, we will keep every one of keep every one of

G-d’s Commandments.G-d’s Commandments.

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• Every Law is Every Law is derivedderived from love.from love.

• G-d IS love and G-d IS love and anything which comes anything which comes from Him is good.from Him is good.

• Therefore, His Law is Therefore, His Law is from love.from love.

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• To reject His Law is to To reject His Law is to reject His love.reject His love.

• We can not love G-d We can not love G-d and hate/reject His and hate/reject His Law.Law.

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• John completely gets this…John completely gets this…• (1John 5:3)(1John 5:3) For the love of God is this, that we obey For the love of God is this, that we obey

his commandments. And his commandments are not his commandments. And his commandments are not burdensome. burdensome. (Great verse to memorize as (Great verse to memorize as Messianics!)Messianics!)

• We’re often told as Messianics that we’re “under the We’re often told as Messianics that we’re “under the burden of the law” Those who believe that way are burden of the law” Those who believe that way are not of the same mind as John and you can tell them not of the same mind as John and you can tell them that.that.

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• The Law is NOT a burden.

• We have stoplights in Wenatchee.

• What do you think would happen if we didn’t have them all of a sudden?

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• There’d be chaos! There’d be chaos! • India has some stoplights India has some stoplights

in the big cities of in the big cities of Hyderabad, Madras Hyderabad, Madras (Chennai) and Bangalore.(Chennai) and Bangalore.

• I’ve spent a lot of time in I’ve spent a lot of time in each of these cities.each of these cities.

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• No one uses those No one uses those stoplights.stoplights.

• Not a one, not even Not a one, not even the police.the police.

• Their own Their own Department of Department of Highways and Roads Highways and Roads put out a statistic…put out a statistic…

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• This statistic shows This statistic shows that India has the that India has the most traffic accidents most traffic accidents and traffic related and traffic related injuries in all the injuries in all the world.world.

• Traffic lights are Traffic lights are good for people.good for people.

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• Traffic light laws Traffic light laws were made by man were made by man and they’re good for and they’re good for people.people.

• How much better are How much better are laws that are made by laws that are made by G-d?G-d?

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• If one rejects G-d’s commandments, they are rejecting His love!

• Rejecting G-d’s love is separation from

G-d.• Yeshua said Himself Yeshua said Himself

in John 14:15…in John 14:15…

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• ““If you love me, you will keep my commandments”.If you love me, you will keep my commandments”. • John 14:21 Whoever has my commands and obeys

them, he is the one who loves me. He who loves me will be loved by my Father, and I too will love him and show myself to him.

• If you keep His laws He will show Himself to you through His Word. This goes hand in hand with His promise that unto us are committed the oracles of

G-d for His Word says…

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• 1 John 2:3 We know that we have come to know him if we obey his commands.

• No matter how often one claims to know G-d, they only know Him peripherally if they don’t keep His Laws.

• John 15:10 If you obey my commands, you If you obey my commands, you will will remainremain in my love, just as I have obeyed in my love, just as I have obeyed my Father's commands and remain in his my Father's commands and remain in his love.love.

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• Ever wonder what love is? I can tell you what it is…

• 2 John 1:6 And this is love: that we walk in obedience to his commands. As you have heard from the beginning, His command is that you walk in love.

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• If we understand Yeshua’s quote of Hillel, it will take you full circle concerning love and it’s relationship to Law.

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• Now, one can disagree all they like on this, but this is all Scripture here concerning Law and how it’s related to love.

• No Law, no love.

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• The Church has tried to make Law and grace as opposites.

• That belief is false.

• The truth is one can not exist without the other.

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• Without Law, there is no grace!

• Do we not want G-d’s grace???

• If you throw out Law you have to throw out grace right along with it.

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• Likewise, one can not understand grace unless he first understands law.

• If one doesn’t understand law they will teach a warped perception of grace.

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• See, there’s a myth that has permeated much of the Church today that teaches to this effect…

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• “Those of the Old Testament were under works, but then Jesus came and now we’re under grace.”

• This teaching is a lie.

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• Man has always been under grace!

• Without His grace we’d all have perished in either covenant, “Old” or “New”

44

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• This teaching of being “Now under grace” reverts Christendom to the three headed G-d of the trinity.

• I would put to you that G-d has never changed and man has always been Saved by grace.

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• Grace has existed as long as G-d has existed and it hasn’t changed it’s character as G-d hasn’t changed His character.

• We see evidence of G-d’s grace ALL through the Old Testament…

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• Genesis 6:8• But Noah found grace in the sight of the L-rd.• In Exodus (Shemot) 33:11-13, 17 it is written:• "And the Lord spake unto Moses face to face,

as a man speaketh unto his friend … And Moses said unto the Lord … yet thou hast said, I know thee by name, and thou hast also found grace in my sight.

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• Psalms 84

• 11 For the LORD God is a sun and shield: the LORD will give grace and glory: no good thing will he withhold from them that walk uprightly.

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• Jonah 4

• 2 And he prayed unto the LORD, and said , I pray thee, O LORD, was not this my saying, when I was yet in my country? Therefore I fled before unto Tarshish: for I knew that thou art a gracious God, and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and repentest thee of the evil.

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• Jonah didn’t say…• “I know you are a legalistic G-d who only cares

about our works and knows not grace or kindness.”

• But when you hear it from many Bible teachers, this is how it comes across.

• They teach of the harsh, judgmental God of the Jews… They teach of the Three Headed god.

50

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• There are many, many examples of G-d’s grace in the Old Testament, it’s just not taught about in today’s Church.

51

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• Neglecting G-d’s grace in the Old Testament only enforces misinformation concerning G-d’s grace in the New Testament.

52

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• The ancient Rabbis understood the graciousness of G-d very well.

• In fact the word gracious in Hebrew is Chanina and it was a very popular name in ancient Judaism.

53

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• We’ve even learned here in Talmud class about one, Chanina ben Dosa, a famed miracle worker of the first century. You might remember him…

54

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• Gamaliel II had a son who became ill and he sent his messenger to Chanina ben Dosa. Chanina ben Dosa prayed for the boy and the messenger took down the exact time of Chanina’s prayer because he had some doubts.

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• When the Messenger returned to Gamaliel II he found the boy well and the Messenger asked for the exact time the boy had been healed…

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• It was the exact time that he had noted before.

• So that was just one of many Chanina’s (Graciousness) in ancient Judaism.

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• Not only was “Grace” a popular name, it was well taught on by the Rabbis.

• They understood how grace and Law went hand in hand.

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• They believed that every time they were delivered from their enemies in the accounts in the Torah it was always because of

G-d’s grace.• Now let’s take a look at

the Ketuba

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• Now we’re going to take a deeper look at the Ketuba, the Jewish “marriage contract”.

• The rabbis in ancient times insisted on the marriage couple entering into the Ketuba as a protection for the wife.

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• It is often misunderstood by Christians to be a bill of sale and that couldn’t be further from the truth.

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• “Disclaimer”

My dad holds that the Ketuba is a “marriage contract”

• In fact, the Ketuba represents the witnesses rather than the husband or the wife.

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• Through the Ketuba the witnesses attest to the groom's actions, promises, and statements, and to the bride's willing acceptance of the marriage proposal.

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• So what’s the difference?

• A marriage contract is a contract between the two that are getting married.

• The Ketuba doesn’t act that way.

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• The actual marriage agreement is when the man proposes to the woman and she then agrees to be wed. It is an oral contract at that time. The Ketuba is something after the fact and acts as a statement of intent from the man. It is a unilateral agreement!

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• A marriage contract as we understand it today is a legal document.

• In Judaism, any legal document has to be dated at the bottom.

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• The Ketuba is a civil document which is dated at the top. Thus again, I see it as a document of intent.

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• Does the husband have to follow through with his commitments of the Ketuba? Yes, of course and if not he’ll be taken to court on breach of his word.

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• That doesn’t make the Ketuba a marriage contract even though it can be presented as evidence in the court.

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• Now, do many of the Rabbis call it a “Marriage Contract”? Yes, yes they do, but that’s simply so people today can understand it easier.

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• They’ll even translate it as “marriage contract” in the Ketuba itself, but it should be translated as “marriage document” instead of marriage contract

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• But that isn't exactly what it is. And all the Orthodox Rabbis agree that it isn’t an actual marriage contract.

• Sometimes I even call it a marriage contract, but that’s because it’s easier then explaining all this.

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• Also when we look later at the actual document, you’ll see there is some verbiage that is impossible to use as a legal document.

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• For example, in it the man promises to “honor his wife”.

• Honoring someone, anyone is a hard thing to define in a court.

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• So in places, the wording is kind of flowery even though there are other parts that give a very definite amount of financial obligation.

• Those financial obligations have to be followed and are therefore binding.

• (End of disclaimer)

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• The Ketuba also isn't a marriage license.

• It is a charter of woman's rights in marriage and of man's duties.

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• The Ketuba is designed for woman's protection, and every nuance in this document was developed so that her husband wont regard it as easy to divorce her.

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• The Ketuba required money to be paid by the husband in case of undo divorce. This made it difficult for the husband to divorce his wife without “appropriate reflection and consideration”.

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• The requirement of a scribe and a specially convened court and witnesses for a divorce also protected the wife from an arbitrary husband.

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• Also, the Ketuba protected whatever property was to be hers at the termination of the marriage. This was protection for her as well as the children.

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• Because of this concern for the integrity of "the daughters of Israel," the Sages said that to live with a wife without a Ketuba, or without specification of fair conditions, is regarded as concubinage…

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• In other words, the difference between a wife and a concubine is that a wife has a Ketuba, and a concubine does not.

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• Now the Ketuba only goes back as far as approx 500-1000 BC, we don’t know exactly.

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• We do know the actual Ketuba goes as far back as 200 BC because we have a Ketuba that dates to that period.

• The oldest ones were found on Elephantine Island in Egypt.

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• It was considered that an unstructured marriage arrangement (no Ketuba) was fit only for a man and his concubine, that it placed the woman at an unfair advantage, and that it was beneath a Jewish woman to be so considered.

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• When the Jews of France were robbed of all their possessions and expelled by Philip Le Bel in 1306, they moved en masse to Provence. Rashba (Shlomo ben Aderet)

ordered that no married life be resumed there until

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• every man gave his wife a replacement Ketuba.

• This replacement Ketuba is required, even today, for everyone who has misplaced or lost the original Ketuba.

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• Many Christians have made comparisons between the Ketuba and the commitments between Yeshua and His Bride, the Church.

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• Problem with that is the Church is NOT His bride.

• Not ONCE in ALL of Scripture does it say the Church is His Bride.

• Now I have to explain this in detail…

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• Israel is his bride!• Jeremiah 3:12-14• 12 Go and proclaim these words toward the north, and say,

Return, thou backsliding Israel, saith the LORD; and I will not cause mine anger to fall upon you: for I am merciful, saith the LORD, and I will not keep anger for ever.

• 13 Only acknowledge thine iniquity, that thou hast transgressed against the LORD thy God, and hast scattered thy ways to the strangers under every green tree, and ye have not obeyed my voice, saith the LORD.

• 14 Turn, O backsliding children, saith the LORD; for I am married unto you: and I will take you one of a city, and two of a family, and I will bring you to Zion.

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• Isaiah 54:4-5• KJV Isaiah 54:4 Fear not; for thou shalt not be

ashamed: neither be thou confounded; for thou shalt not be put to shame: for thou shalt forget the shame of thy youth, and shalt not remember the reproach of thy widowhood any more.

• 5 For thy Maker is thine husband; the LORD of hosts is his name; and thy Redeemer the Holy One of Israel; The God of the whole earth shall he be called.

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• Hosea 2:13-16• 13 I will punish her for the days she burned incense to the

Baals; she decked herself with rings and jewelry, and went after her lovers, but me she forgot," declares the LORD.

• 14 "Therefore I am now going to allure her; I will lead her into the desert and speak tenderly to her.

• 15 There I will give her back her vineyards, and will make the Valley of Achor a door of hope. There she will sing as in the days of her youth, as in the day she came up out of Egypt.

• 16 "In that day," declares the LORD, "you will call me 'my husband'; you will no longer call me 'my master.‘

• “Oh that’s Old Testament!”

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• Revelation 21:9-12• 9 And there came unto me one of the seven angels which had

the seven vials full of the seven last plagues, and talked with me, saying, Come hither, I will shew thee the bride, the Lamb's wife.

• 10 And he carried me away in the spirit to a great and high mountain, and shewed me that great city, the holy Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God,

• 11 Having the glory of God: and her light was like unto a stone most precious, even like a jasper stone, clear as crystal; 12 And had a wall great and high, and had twelve gates, and at the gates twelve angels, and names written thereon, which are the names of the twelve tribes of the children of Israel:

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• “But, but, but, what about these verses???”• 2 Cor 11:1-2• KJV 2 Corinthians 11:1 Would to God ye could bear

with me a little in my folly: and indeed bear with me.• 2 For I am jealous over you with godly jealousy: for I

have espoused you to one husband, that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ.

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“Husband” is not there!

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• What about Romans 7:4???

• 4 Wherefore, my brethren, ye also are become dead to the law by the body of Christ; that ye should be married to another, even to him who is raised from the dead, that we should bring forth fruit unto God.

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• Let’s look at the Greek again…

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• Gotta watch translations!!!

• They can be the death of us.

• So Israel is the bride.

• Who are the Believers?

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• Believers are the bridegroom!

• Yeshua is the Head and we are THE BODY!

• We all knew that. • Somehow Christianity

got all confused.

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• Most think we’re the Body AND the Bride.

• How could this happen???

• Why so much confusion???

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• Because the Church Fathers didn’t want Israel to be in the show.

• They took Israel completely out of the picture no matter what the cost.

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• “Israel can’t be the Bride!”

• So they usurped Israel.

• No surprise there.

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• To this very day 99.9% of every commentary out there says that the Church is the Bride of Christ.

• 99.9% of every Christian out there will tell you the same thing. The Church is the Bride of Christ.

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• It’s a pretty basic doctrine.

• We learn pretty early in our Christian walk that the Church is the Bride of Christ and we’ve believed it for a long time.

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• But it’s a lie.

• It’s not a mistake, mistakes are done on accident.

• The Church Fathers knew full well what they were doing.

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• It’s a lie that has been propagated for 2,000 years.

• Just a few Messianic leaders have brought this out only in the last 20 years.

• That’s how long it’s gone unchecked.

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• It’s not going unchecked any longer.

• Times are changing even here in Wenatchee, WA.

• It’s time these doctrines are exposed…

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• Many of you have had a nagging feeling that there was something wrong with many of these Church doctrines.

• That’s why you’re here.

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• The Church 50 years ago said that G-d is done with the Jews.

• “Well my Church doesn’t teach that!”

• They may not now, but you can thank the Messianic Movement for that.

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• That was a widely accepted doctrine but Messianics started questioning the obvious…

• “Jesus died for everyone except the Jews? Are you sure about that?”

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• Because that is the root of that doctrine and that’s exactly what the Church Father’s taught.

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• “Jesus came to the Jews, they rejected Him so He went to the Gentiles and now we’re in the time of the Gentiles a.k.a. the dispensation of Grace.”

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• According to this doctrine, “the Jews got three and a half years… plus a little to the time of Paul till he even got sick of the Jews”.

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• The Gentiles have had over 2000 years (this is just?) and they’ve done such a great job with so little time.

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• The truth is, the oracles of G-d have always been entrusted to His Chosen people, the Gentiles are grafted in provided they keep Torah and

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• what control the Gentiles did usurp, they botched up right from the beginning when they took over the Church in Jerusalem after the Bar Kochba War

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• I’m sorry but the facts are the facts.

• This doesn’t mean Messianic Jews are supposed to be bitter about it but…

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• the sooner the Gentile Church faces this the sooner we can all get past it and get the work of the L-rd done.

• If all they (the Gentile Church) do is continue to propagate the lie…

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• And continues to try and take the place of the Jewish people, then Messinaics have no choice but to expose them by simply holding the light to the darkness.

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• They’ll call us all kinds of names as we do that like…

• “Legalists, Judaizers, Cults, Builders up the Middle Wall of Partition, Trouble Makers, Followers of Rabbinics, Talmudists” etc.

• Say what they will, I’m not going away.

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• Now, some try to say that both the Church and Israel are His Bride.

• I reply, “I’m sorry, did you just call Jesus a polygamist?”

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• So why are Christians trying so hard to hold on to them being the “Bride”?

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• As I said before, anti-Semitism is the root but not everyone is believing this for anti-Semitic reasons. There’s another reason for some…

• Misunderstanding of Culture!

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• In the West who is the figure who has the most focus in a wedding?

• In Jewish culture of the First Century who had the most focus?

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• So many Christians today are trying to make the focus on the Bride. When in fact, we as Believers in Yeshua have the most focus, we are HIS BODY!!! The Body of the Bridegroom.

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• See, we have to understand the culture of the Jewish people to properly understand

G-d’s Word.• This is why American

doctrine and Hebraic doctrine can never be reconciled!

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• Now back to the Ketuba. Let’s take a look at the actual document and I’ll break it down for you.

• (READ KETUBA) then end.

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• Now, we’ll break it down• The Date and Place of the Wedding• On the day_____ of the week, the _____day of the

month_____ in the year_____ since the creation of the world according to the reckoning which we are accustomed to use here in the city of__________ in__________

• The Date. The law prescribes that the date appear at the beginning in private agreements, but at the end in court agreements. Though some may say that the document has court status, that is not true.

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• The Place.

• A get (divorce document) contains more geographical information (e.g., mention of a neighboring river).

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• The Names.

• Their Hebrew names, their fathers' names. A father's name is used in legal matters, just as a father's family name has always been used in legal affairs. Added to their names is also the appellation for a rabbinic scholar, Rav, or priestly or Levitic descent, kohen or Levi.

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• The Proposal.

• It includes the original proposal…"Be thou my wife according to the law of Moses and of Israel". is testified by the witnesses that the groom in fact proposed to the bride. The formula has remained intact for some two thousand years. The Talmud considered variants, but this language of proposal endured.

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• The Groom Promises the Basic Support• "... and I will cherish, honor, support and maintain you in accordance with the custom of Jewish husbands who cherish, honor,

support and maintain their wives faithfully. "• Support. This is referred to as the alimentation clause. Providing support is elemental in marriage, and is considered so

obvious that the Talmud makes no reference to it. But the phrase is so beautiful and appropriate that it appears in the ketubah not only once but twice, " cherish, honor, support... cherish, honor, support....

• Funds for the Wife, If and When the Marriage Terminates• "And I here present you with the marriage gift of (virgins), (two hundred) silver zuzim, which belongs to you, according the the

law of Moses and Israel; and I will also give you your food, clothing and necessities, and live with you as husband and wife according to universal custom."

• The Mohar. • The funds, called mohar, are so important that this clause is called the basic part of the ketubah, or simply the ketubah. Mohar

is the “gift” the groom gives the bride, as Eliezer, Abraham's servant, gave "precious things" to Laban, Rebecca's father, and as Jacob gave seven years of service for the hand of Rachel. The great sage and the ketubah's most important author, Rabbi Simeon ben Shetach (Zugote, Universal Education in Israel and killed the 80 witches in Askelon), decreed that this serve as protection for the bride rather than only a gift, and ordained that the funds were not given but set aside for the bride. During marriage, therefore, it was considered a debt which was paid only in case of death or divorce, and the mohar thus became a divorce or life insurance settlement rather than a mere marriage gift. This arrangement also enabled poor grooms to marry without any immediate monetary expenditure.

• The Law of the Torah. There is a running dispute between the Jerusalem Talmud and the Babylonian Talmud as to whether this settlement, is biblically or rabbinically mandated.

• I personally believe it is Biblically mandated. For one because of the type of verbage: it mentions the word zuz (plural zuzim) which itsel;fdates to 200 bc