peace corps kyrgyz republic welcome book | may 2008

8/9/2019 Peace Corps Kyrgyz Republic Welcome Book | May 2008

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TNC ZCLFC FAPZV RCKFAICV WAS TAO W P B W X P C Z S @ K G F

L Z C L F C F A P Z V Z S @ K G F L T G A M

E A P M C R U A K S M T C C P V

I l w 0 : : >


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Pczs`kgf- Wasp Uaksmtccp fakkclbscv ncpc mar lpc rapogmb

nlpd ta ilgmtlgm asp pczstltgam ae vcpugfc- Rncm was lppguc+

was rgkk `cbgm ta iloc wasp arm ilpo lmd famtpg`stc ta tngvkamb tpldgtgam-

Vgmfc Vcztci`cp


5/115

TL@KC AE FAMTCMTV

Ilz ae tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf

L Rckfaic Kcttcp )7

Fasmtpw Aucpugcr8 Tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf lt l Bklmfc


6/115

Zclfc Fapzv Tplgmgmb 67

Aucpugcr ae Zpc)Vcpugfc Tplgmgmb 67)4:

Fapc Tplgmgmb 4)47

Raicmv Nclktn Gmeapiltgam 47)3:

Wasp Zclfc Fapzv Icdgflk Ogt 3:)36

Zavvg`kc Gvvscv eap Ecilkc Uaksmtccpv 5>)2:

Zavvg`kc Gvvscv eap Uaksmtccpv ae Fakap 2:)23

Zavvg`kc Gvvscv eap Vcmgap Uaksmtccpv 23)22


7/115

Zavvg`kc Gvvscv eap Blw+ Kcv`glm+ ap@gvc~slk Uaksmtccpv 2>)>0

Zavvg`kc Pckgbgasv Gvvscv eap Uaksmtccpv >0Zavvg`kc Gvvscv eap Uaksmtccpv Rgtn Dgvl`gkgtgcv >6

Epc|scmtkw Lvocd \scvtgamv >3

Rckfaic Kcttcpv Epai Owpbwx Pczs`kgf Uaksmtccpv 76

Zlfogmb Kgvt 72

Zpc)dczlptspc Fncfokgvt


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9/115

L R C K F A I C @ A A O O W P B W X P C Z S @ K G F 2

ZCLFC FAPZV!OWPBWX PCZS@KGF

NGVTAPW LMD ZPABPLIVNgvtapw ae tnc Zclfc Fapzv gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf

Vgmfc tnc egpvt Zclfc Fapzv Uaksmtccpv lppgucd gm tnc Owpbwx

Pczs`kgf gm


10/115

Z C L F C F A P Z V>

Ngvtapw lmd Estspc ae Zclfc Fapzv Zpabpliigmb gm tnc

Owpbwx Pczs`kgf

Zclfc Fapzv!Owpbwx Pczs`kgf rapov gm tnpcc zpgilpw lpclv8

Tclfngmb Cmbkgvn lv l Eapcgbm Klmbslbc .TCEK' gm vcfamdlpw

vfnaakv lmd smgucpvgtgcv? Vsvtlgml`kc Apblmgxltgamlk lmd

Faiismgtw Dcuckazicmt .VAFD'? lmd Nclktn Zpaiatgam

.NZ'-

Uaksmtccpv gm tnc TCEK vcftap zpgilpgkw `sgkd tnc flzlfgtw

ae Cmbkgvn tclfncpv+ tclfn tnc Cmbkgvn klmbslbc gm vcfamdlpwvfnaakv smgucpvgtgcv+ lmd atncp cdsfltgamlk gmvtgtstgamv+ lmd l

ecr lpc lkva tclfngmb ngvtapw lmd kgtcpltspc ta iapc ldulmfcd

vtsdcmtv- Uaksmtccpv vcpuc lv pcbsklp ici`cpv ae tnc tclfngmb

elfsktw gm tncgp vfnaakv lmd tclfn `ctrccm


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Uaksmtccpv gm tnc mcr Nclktn Zpaiatgam vcftap lpc lvvgbmcd ta

rapo rgtn nclktn zpaiatgam smgtv+ nclktn)eafsvcd MBAv lmd

kaflk nclktn zpaiatgam vfnaakv gm apdcp ta zpaiatc nclktnwkgecvtwkcv lmd nclktn zplftgfcv gm tnc faiismgtw- Uaksmtccpv

lddpcvv gvvscv vsfn lv `lvgf nwbgcmc+ raicmv pczpadsftguc

nclktn+ NGU!LGDV lmd VTG cdsfltgam+ dgvclvc zpcucmtgam+ lmd

Kgecvogkkv cdsfltgam-


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FASMTPW AUCPUGCR8 TNC

OWPBWX PCZS@KGF LT L BKLMFCNgvtapw

Tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf gv l `clstgesk+ iasmtlgmasv fasmtpw

gm Fcmtplk Lvgl tnlt gv àpdcpcd `w Olxlonvtlm+ Sx`cogvtlm+

Tlhgogvtlm+ lmd Fngml- Tncpc gv kgttkc famtcizaplpw

dafsicmtcd ngvtapw làst tnc Owpbwx zcazkc lmd tncgp klmd+

lv tnc Vaugctv Psvvglmgxcd tnc gmdgbcmasv ctnmgf bpaszv

lmd fsktspcv lfpavv tnc Vaugct Smgam- Tnc Owpbwx zcazkc lpc

tpldgtgamlk maildgf ncpdcpv rna nluc aetcm `ccm vs`hcftcd

ta tnc gmekscmfcv ae eapcgbm pskcpv lmd fsktspcv dsc ta tncgp

vtpltcbgf kafltgam am tnc Vgko Pald-

Tnc clpkgcvt omarm pcvgdcmtv ae tnc lpcl tnlt gv mar tncOwpbwx Pczs`kgf rcpc tnc rlppgap fklmv ae Vlol+ lkva omarm lv

tnc Vfwtnglmv- Tncvc bakd)kldcm+ maildgf napvcicm tplucpvcd

tnc klmd `ctrccm tnc @klfo Vcl lmd rcvtcpm Fngml epai làst

tnc vg~tn fcmtspw @-F- ta tnc egetn fcmtspw L-D- Epai tnc vg~tn

fcmtspw ta tnc tcmtn fcmtspw+ tnc Owpbwx pcbgam rlv famtpakkcd

`w ulpgasv Tspogvn bpaszv+ ilmw ae rnai kgucd am tnc vnapcv

ae Kloc Gvvwo)Osk+ tnc vcfamd ngbncvt kloc gm tnc rapkd letcpKloc Tgtgflfl gm Vastn Licpgfl- Tncvc bpaszv+ zlptgfsklpkw tnc

Tspogf Olplonlmgdv+ gmtpadsfcd Gvkli ta tnc lpcl `ctrccm tnc

tcmtn fcmtspw lmd trcketn fcmtspw-

Ngvtapglmv `ckgcuc tnlt tnc lmfcvtapv ae tadlwv Owpbwx iavt

kgockw flic epai Vg`cpglv szzcp Wcmgvcw Pgucp `lvgm lmd rcpc

dpgucm vastn gm tnc


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Lm gizaptlmt gmekscmfc gm tnc fsktsplk dcuckazicmt ae tnc

Owpbwx pcbgam rlv tnc c~tcmvguc tpldc pastc omarm lv tnc

Vgko Pald+ rngfn taao 0:: dlwv ta tplucpvc gm eskk- Tnc Owpbwxpcbgam+ lkamb tnc pastcv igddkc vcftgam+ rlv amc ae tnc ilgm

vtazaucpv eap tpldcpv tpluckgmb epai rcvtcpm Fngml ta tnc

Icdgtcpplmclm Vcl epai tnc vcfamd fcmtspw ta tnc tngptccmtn

fcmtspw+ zpaugdgmb vaspfcv ae tplmvzaptltgam .napvcv lmd

flickv' lmd kadbgmb eap tnc tpldcpv-

Psvvglmv lmd Soplgmglmv vaam `cblm vcttkgmb tncpc- Pczpcvvguc

Psvvglm zakgfgcv+ zlptgfsklpkw klmd lzzpazpgltgam+ kcd ta

azcm pcuakt tnpasbnast Fcmtplk Lvgl gm


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Baucpmicmt

Tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgfv baucpmicmt gv l smgflicplk

zlpkglicmtlpw vwvtci rgtn l vtpamb c~cfstguc `plmfn- Tnc

kcbgvkltguc lvvci`kw famvgvtv ae 23 zazsklpkw ckcftcd ici`cpv

rna vcpuc easp)wclp tcpiv- Tncpc lpc iapc tnlm


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Z C L F C F A P Z V


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L R C K F A I C @ A A O O W P B W X P C Z S @ K G F


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20/115

nttz8!!rrr-kamckwzklmct-fai!rapkdbsgdc!dcvtgmltgamv!lvgl!

owpbwxvtlm!

Kamckw Zklmct Dcvtgmltgamv .`w Kamckw Zklmct Zs`kgfltgamv'-Ugvgt tnc Kamckw Zklmct amkgmc bsgdc eap gmtcplftguc pcvaspfcv

am tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf+ gmfksdgmb znatabplznv+ dgvfsvvgam

bpaszv+ tgzv epai tpluckcpv+ lmd l tpluck bsgdc aucpugcr ae tnc

Owpbwx Pczs`kgf-

nttzv8!!rrr-fgl-bau!kg`plpw!zs`kgfltgamv!tnc)rapkd)elftàao!

bcav!ob-ntik

Tnc amkgmc FGL Rapkd Elftàao vgtc dckgucpv l faizpcncmvguc

zpaegkc ae tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf- Tnc rc`vgtc aeecpv vclpfnl`kc

ecltspcv+ gmfksdgmb pcvaspfc ilzv+ eklbv ae tnc Rapkd+ lmd

fasmtpw zpaegkcv-

nttz8!!rrr-obci`lvvw-apb!

Tnc Ci`lvvw ae tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf gm tnc SVL

nttz8!!cmb-zpcvgdcmt-ob!

Aeegfglk rc`vgtc ae tnc Zpcvgdcmt ae tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf

nttz8!!rrr-`lptkc`w-fai!53!ow!Owpbwxvt-ntik

Pcugcr ae tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf epai tnc Faksi`gl

Cmfwfkazcdgl .`w Faksi`gl Smgucpvgtw Zpcvv'

nttz8!!rrr-csplvglmct-apb!pcvaspfc!owpbwxvtlm!gmdc~-vntik

CsplvglMct zpaugdcv gmeapiltgam lmd lmlkwvgv làst zakgtgflk+

cfamaigf+ cmugpamicmtlk lmd vafglk dcuckazicmtv gm tnc

fasmtpgcv ae Fcmtplk Lvgl lmd tnc Flsflvsv+ lv rckk lv gm

Psvvgl+ tnc Igddkc Clvt+ lmd Vastnrcvt Lvgl- Tnc rc`vgtc

aeecpv lddgtgamlk ecltspcv+ gmfksdgmb mcrvilocp gmtcpugcrv lmd

àao pcugcrv-

nttz8!!ndp-smdz-apb!~ikvclpfn!pczaptVclpfn1w9(%f9m#6LOwpb

wxvtlm%t9(%o9

Owpbwx Pczs`kgf ) Nsilm Dcuckazicmt Pczapt `w Smgtcd

Mltgamv Dcuckazicmt Zpabpli

Z C L F C F A P Z V


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nttz8!!rrr-ctnmakabsc-fai!vnarQfasmtpw-

lvz1mlic9Owpbwxvtlm

Ctnmakabgcv gm Owpbwxvtlm8 klmbslbcv ae tnc fasmtpw .`wVsiicp Gmvtgtstc ae Kgmbsgvtgfv+ Gmf-'

nttz8!!rrr-epccmct-ob!d`!

Tnc Gmtcpmct Lffcvv lmd Tplgmgmb Zpabpli .GLTZ' gv l

zpabpli ae tnc @spcls ae Cdsfltgamlk % Fsktsplk Leelgpv

.CFL'+ S-V- Dczlpticmt ae Vtltc+ esmdcd smdcp tnc Epccdai

Vszzapt Lft .EVL'- GLTZ gv ldigmgvtcpcd `w tnc Gmtcpmltgamlk

Pcvclpfn % C~fnlmbcv @alpd .GPC^'-

nttz8!!rrr-smdz-ob

Tnc Smgtcd Mltgamv Dcuckazicmt Esmd .SMDZ' kgmov

gtv zakgfw)dpgucm zpabpliv lmd zpahcftv rgtn l zarcpesk

zlptmcpvngz rgtn tnc baucpmicmt+ fgugk vafgctw lmd atncp

mltgamlk lmd gmtcpmltgamlk zlptmcpv gm lddpcvvgmb vtpltcbgf

fnlkkcmbcv ae tplmvgtgam

Was flm lkva ugvgt tnc eakkargmb vgtcv ta bct iapc

gmeapiltgam l`ast tnc zakgtgflk+ cfamaigf+ lmd vafglk

vgtsltgam gm Owpbwxvtlm-

nttz8!!rrr-tak-fx!kaao!TAK!naic-tzk1GdKlmbslbc9


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nttz8!!pcbgvtlm-mct!

Pcbgvtlm-mct faucpv Csplvglm zakgtgfv lmd mcrv+ vccogmb ta

dplr iapc lttcmtgam ta gvvscv lmd mcrv plpckw faucpcd gmisfn dcztn+ ge lt lkk+ `w Rcvtcpm icdgl

nttz8!!rrr-logzpcvv-fai!QcmQgmdc~-znz

Owpbwxvtlm mcrv lbcmfw rc`vgtc-

nttz8!!rrr-tcppl-cv!zcpvamlk0!iamakgtn!owp-nti

Tngv rc` zlbc zpcvcmtv gmeapiltgam am Owpbwxvtlmv zakgtgflk

kcldcpv .`w Pa`cpta Aptx dc Xpltc'

nttz8!!rrr-zakgtgflkpcvaspfcv-mct!owpbwxvtlm-nti

Rgdc kgvt ae zakgtgflk pcvaspfcv am tnc Gmtcpmct .`w Pa`cpta

Fgffgaicvvcpc'

Fammcft Rgtn Pctspmcd Uaksmtccpv lmd Atncp Gmugtccv

rrr-pzfu-apb

Tngv gv tnc vgtc ae tnc Mltgamlk Zclfc Fapzv Lvvafgltgam+ ildc

sz ae pctspmcd Uaksmtccpv- Am tngv vgtc was flm egmd kgmov ta

lkk tnc Rc` zlbcv ae tnc epgcmdv ae bpaszv eap iavt fasmtpgcv

ae vcpugfc+ ildc sz ae eapicp Uaksmtccpv rna vcpucd gm tnavc

fasmtpgcv- Tncpc lpc lkva pcbgamlk bpaszv rna epc|scmtkw bct

tabctncp eap vafglk cucmtv lmd kaflk Uaksmtccp lftgugtgcv-

rrr-zclfcfapzvrpgtcpv-apb

Tngv vgtc gv navtcd `w l bpasz ae pctspmcd Uaksmtccp rpgtcpv-

Gt gv l iamtnkw amkgmc zs`kgfltgam ae cvvlwv lmd Uaksmtccp

lffasmtv ae tncgp Zclfc Fapzv vcpugfc-

rrr-pzfurc`pgmb-apb

Tngv PZFU Rc` pgmb kgmov msicpasv pctspmcd Zclfc Fapzv

Uaksmtccpv rc`vgtcv tabctncp-

Z C L F C F A P Z V0:


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L R C K F A I C @ A A O O W P B W X P C Z S @ K G F 04 zcpfcmt

ae Uaksmtccpv vspucwcd gm tnc 0::4 Zclfc Fapzv Uaksmtccp

Vspucw vlgd tncw raskd hagm tnc Zclfc Fapzv lblgm-

Tnc Zclfc Fapzv lzzpalfncv vlectw lmd vcfspgtw lv l

zlptmcpvngz rgtn was- Tngv Rckfaic @aao famtlgmv vcftgamv

am8 Kgugmb Famdgtgamv lmd Uaksmtccp Kgecvtwkc? Zclfc Fapzv

Tplgmgmb? lmd Wasp Nclktn Flpc lmd Vlectw- Lkk ae tncvcvcftgamv gmfksdc gizaptlmt vlectw lmd vcfspgtw gmeapiltgam-

Tnc Zclfc Fapzv ilocv cucpw ceeapt ta bguc Uaksmtccpv tnc

taakv tncw mccd ta esmftgam gm tnc vlecvt lmd iavt vcfspc rlw

zavvg`kc+ `cflsvc rapogmb ta il~gigxc tnc vlectw lmd vcfspgtw

ae Uaksmtccpv gv asp ngbncvt zpgapgtw- Mat amkw da rc zpaugdc

was rgtn tplgmgmb lmd taakv ta zpczlpc eap tnc smc~zcftcd+

`st rc tclfn was ta gdcmtgew lmd ilmlbc tnc pgvov was ilw

cmfasmtcp-

Elftapv tnlt Famtpg`stc ta Uaksmtccp Pgvo8

Tncpc lpc vcucplk elftapv tnlt flm ncgbntcm l Uaksmtccpv

pgvo+ ilmw ae rngfn lpc rgtngm tnc Uaksmtccpv famtpak-

@lvcd am gmeapiltgam bltncpcd epai gmfgdcmt pczaptv

rapkdrgdc gm 0::4+ tnc eakkargmb elftapv vtlmd ast lv pgvo

fnlplftcpgvtgfv eap lvvlsktv- Lvvlsktv famvgvt ae zcpvamlk

fpgicv faiigttcd lblgmvt Uaksmtccpv+ lmd da mat gmfksdc

zpazcptw fpgicv .vsfn lv ulmdlkgvi ap tncet'-

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Kafltgam8 Iavt fpgicv affsppcd rncm Uaksmtccpv

rcpc gm zs`kgf lpclv .c-b-+ vtpcct+ zlpo+ `clfn+ zs`kgf

`sgkdgmbv'- Vzcfgegflkkw+ 46 zcpfcmt ae lvvlsktv taao

zklfc rncm Uaksmtccpv rcpc lrlw epai tncgp vgtcv-

Tgic ae dlw8 Lvvlsktv svslkkw taao zklfc am tnc

rccocmd dspgmb tnc cucmgmb `ctrccm 3 z-i- lmd 0

l-i- rgtn iavt lvvlsktv affsppgmb lpasmd < l-i-

L`vcmfc ae atncpv8 Lvvlsktv svslkkw affsppcd rncm tnc

Uaksmtccp rlv smlffaizlmgcd- Gm >0 zcpfcmt ae tnc

vc~slk lvvlsktv+ tnc Uaksmtccp rlv smlffaizlmgcd+ lmd

gm 33 zcpfcmt ae znwvgflk lvvlsktv+ tnc Uaksmtccp rlv

smlffaizlmgcd-

Pckltgamvngz ta lvvlgklmt8 Gm iavt lvvlsktv+ tnc

Uaksmtccp dgd mat omar tnc lvvlgklmt-

Famvsiztgam ae lkfanak8 Eaptw zcpfcmt ae lkk lvvlsktv

gmuakucd lkfanak famvsiztgam `w Uaksmtccpv lmd!ap

lvvlgklmtv-

Vsiilpw Vtpltcbgcv ta Pcdsfc Pgvo8

@ceapc lmd dspgmb vcpugfc+ wasp tplgmgmb rgkk lddpcvv tncvc

lpclv ae famfcpm va tnlt was flm pcdsfc tnc pgvov was elfc-

Eap c~lizkc+ ncpc lpc vaic vtpltcbgcv Uaksmtccpv cizkaw8

Vtpltcbgcv ta pcdsfc tnc pgvo!gizlft ae tncet8

Omar tnc cmugpamicmt lmd fnaavc vlec pastcv!tgicv eaptpluck

Luagd ngbn)fpgic lpclv zcp Zclfc Fapzv bsgdlmfc lmd

lv kclpmcd epai kaflk fasmtcpzlptv lmd navt eligkgcv

Omar tnc uafl`sklpw ta bct nckz gm lm cicpbcmfw

Flppw ulksl`kcv gm dgeecpcmt zafoctv!zklfcv

Flppw l dsiiw rlkkct lv l dcfaw

Flppw amkw tnc iamcw was mccd

Da mat c~zavc lkk wasp iamcw lmd ulksl`kc `ckambgmbv

ta tnc zs`kgf

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Vtpltcbgcv ta pcdsfc tnc pgvo!gizlft ae `spbklpw8

Kguc rgtn l navt eligkw ap gm l eligkw faizasmd

Zst vtpamb kafov am daapv lmd occz ulksl`kcv gm l kafo`a~ ap tpsmo

Kcluc gppczklfcl`kc a`hcftv lt naic gm tnc S-V-

Eakkar Zclfc Fapzv bsgdckgmcv am ilgmtlgmgmb naic

vcfspgtw

Vtpltcbgcv ta pcdsfc tnc pgvo!gizlft ae lvvlskt8

Gmtcbpltc gmta wasp faiismgtw+ iloc kaflk epgcmdv Iloc vspc wasp lzzclplmfc gv pcvzcftesk ae kaflk

fsvtaiv? damt dplr mcbltguc lttcmtgam ta waspvcke `w

rclpgmb gmlzzpazpgltc fkatngmb

Bct ta omar kaflk aeegfglkv+ zakgfc+ lmd mcgbn`apv

Tpluck rgtn vaicamc pckgl`kc rncmcucp zavvg`kc

Luagd omarm ngbn fpgic lpclv

Kgigt lkfanak famvsiztgam!da mat l`svc lkfanak

Zklm wasp lftgugtw zpazcpkw8 zklm mat ta tpluck lt mgbnt+

ap ge was nluc ta+ tncm stgkgxc l tl~g vcpugfc ap wasp

dcvgbmltcd dpgucp

Vszzapt epai Vtlee

Gm Ilpfn 0::6+ tnc Zclfc Fapzv fpcltcd tnc Aeegfc ae

Vlectw lmd Vcfspgtw rgtn gtv igvvgam ta eavtcp gizpaucdfaiismgfltgam+ faapdgmltgam+ aucpvgbnt+ lmd lffasmtl`gkgtw ae

lkk Zclfc Fapzv vlectw lmd vcfspgtw ceeaptv- Tnc mcr aeegfc

gv kcd `w lm lvvafgltc dgpcftap eap vlectw lmd vcfspgtw rna

pczaptv ta tnc fasmtpw dgpcftap lmd gmfksdcv tnc eakkargmb

dgugvgamv8 Uaksmtccp Vlectw lmd Aucpvclv Vcfspgtw? Gmeapiltgam

lmd Zcpvammck Vcfspgtw? Cicpbcmfw Zpczlpcdmcvv+ Zklmv+

Tplgmgmb lmd C~cpfgvc? lmd Fpgic Vtltgvtgfv lmd Lmlkwvgv-

Tnc ilhap pcvzamvg`gkgtgcv ae tnc Uaksmtccp Vlectw lmd

Aucpvclv Vcfspgtw Dgugvgam lpc ta faapdgmltc tnc aeegfcv

Z C L F C F A P Z V35


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aucpvclv azcpltgamv lmd dgpcft tnc Zclfc Fapzv vlectw lmd

vcfspgtw aeegfcpv rna lpc kafltcd gm ulpgasv pcbgamv lpasmd

tnc rapkd tnlt nluc Zclfc Fapzv zpabpliv- Tnc vlectw lmdvcfspgtw aeegfcpv famdsft vcfspgtw lvvcvvicmtv? pcugcr vlectw

tplgmgmbv? tplgm tplgmcpv lmd ilmlbcpv? tplgm Uaksmtccp vlectw

rlpdcmv+ kaflk bslpdv+ lmd vtlee? dcuckaz vcfspgtw gmfgdcmt

pcvzamvc zpafcdspcv? lmd zpaugdc fpgvgv ilmlbcicmt vszzapt-

Ge l tplgmcc ap Uaksmtccp gv tnc ugftgi ae l vlectw gmfgdcmt+

Zclfc Fapzv vtlee gv zpczlpcd ta zpaugdc vszzapt- Lkk Zclfc

Fapzv zavtv nluc zpafcdspcv gm zklfc ta pcvzamd ta gmfgdcmtv

ae fpgic faiigttcd lblgmvt Uaksmtccpv- Tnc egpvt zpgapgtw eap

lkk zavtv gm tnc letcpiltn ae lm gmfgdcmt gv ta cmvspc tnlt tnc

Uaksmtccp gv vlec lmd pcfcgugmb icdgflk tpclticmt lv mccdcd-

Letcp lvvspgmb tnc vlectw ae tnc Uaksmtccp+ Zclfc Fapzv vtlee

zpaugdcv vszzapt `w pclvvcvvgmb tnc Uaksmtccpv rapo vgtc lmd

nasvgmb lpplmbcicmtv lmd ilogmb lmw ldhsvticmtv+ lv mccdcd-

Gm vaic flvcv+ tnc mltspc ae tnc gmfgdcmt ilw mcfcvvgtltc

l vgtc ap nasvgmb tplmvecp- Zclfc Fapzv vtlee rgkk lkva lvvgvt

Uaksmtccpv rgtn zpcvcpugmb tncgp pgbntv ta zspvsc kcblk vlmftgamv

lblgmvt tnc zcpzctpltapv ae tnc fpgic- Gt gv ucpw gizaptlmt tnlt

Uaksmtccpv pczapt gmfgdcmtv lv tncw affsp+ mat amkw ta zpatcft

tncgp zccp Uaksmtccpv+ `st lkva ta zpcvcpuc tnc estspc pgbnt ta

zpavcfstc- Vnaskd Uaksmtccpv dcfgdc kltcp gm tnc zpafcvv tnlt

tncw rlmt ta zpafccd rgtn tnc zpavcfstgam ae tncgp lvvlgklmt+tngv aztgam ilw ma kambcp c~gvt ge tnc cugdcmfc ae tnc cucmt nlv

mat `ccm zpcvcpucd lt tnc tgic ae tnc gmfgdcmt-

Tnc fasmtpw)vzcfgegf dltl fnlpt `ckar vnarv tnc gmfgdcmfc

pltcv lmd tnc lucplbc msi`cp ae gmfgdcmtv ae tnc ilhap twzcv

ae vlectw gmfgdcmtv pczaptcd `w Zclfc Fapzv Uaksmtccpv!

tplgmccv gm Owpbwx Pczs`kgf lv faizlpcd ta lkk atncp Cspazc+Icdgtcpplmclm+ lmd Lvgl .CIL' pcbgam zpabpliv lv l rnakc+

epai 0::


60/115

Z C L F C F A P Z V3>

Ta eskkw lzzpcfgltc tnc fakkcftcd dltl `ckar+ lm c~zklmltgam ae

tnc bplzn gv zpaugdcd lv eakkarv8

Tnc gmfgdcmfc pltc eap clfn twzc ae fpgic gv tnc msi`cp ae

fpgic cucmtv pckltguc ta tnc Uaksmtccp!tplgmcc zazskltgam-

Gt gv c~zpcvvcd am tnc fnlpt lv l pltga ae fpgic ta Uaksmtccp

lmd tplgmcc wclpv .ap U!T wclpv+ rngfn gv l iclvspc ae


61/115


Tnc fnlpt gv vczlpltcd gmta cgbnt fpgic fltcbapgcv- Tncvc

gmfksdc ulmdlkgvi .ilkgfgasv dcelfcicmt ap dlilbc ae

zpazcptw'? tncet .tlogmb rgtnast eapfc ap gkkcblk cmtpw'?`spbklpw .eapfg`kc cmtpw ae l pcvgdcmfc'? pa``cpw .tlogmb

vaictngmb `w eapfc'? igmap znwvgflk lvvlskt .lttlfogmb rgtnast

l rclzam rgtn igmap gmhspgcv'? igmap vc~slk lvvlskt .eamdkgmb+

bpazgmb+ ctf-'? lbbplultcd lvvlskt .lttlfogmb rgtn l rclzam+

lmd!ap rgtnast l rclzam rncm vcpgasv gmhspw pcvsktv'? lmd

plzc .vc~slk gmtcpfaspvc rgtnast famvcmt'-

Rncm lmtgfgzltgmb Zclfc Fapzv Uaksmtccp vcpugfc+ was vnaskd

pcugcr lkk ae tnc vlectw lmd vcfspgtw gmeapiltgam zpaugdcd

ta was+ gmfksdgmb tnc vtpltcbgcv ta pcdsfc pgvo- Tnpasbnast

wasp tplgmgmb lmd Uaksmtccp vcpugfc+ was rgkk `c c~zcftcd ta

vsffcvveskkw faizkctc lkk tplgmgmb faizctcmfgcv gm l ulpgctw ae

lpclv+ gmfksdgmb vlectw lmd vcfspgtw- Amfc gm)fasmtpw+ svc tnc

taakv lmd gmeapiltgam vnlpcd rgtn was ta pcilgm lv vlec lmd

vcfspc lv zavvg`kc-

Rnlt ge was `cfaic l ugftgi ae l ugakcmt fpgic1

Ecr Zclfc Fapzv Uaksmtccpv lpc ugftgiv ae ugakcmt fpgicv-

Tnc Zclfc Fapzv rgkk bguc was gmeapiltgam lmd tplgmgmb am

nar ta `c vlec- @st+ hsvt lv gm tnc S-V-+ fpgic nlzzcmv+ lmd

Uaksmtccpv flm `cfaic ugftgiv- Rncm tngv nlzzcmv+ tnc

gmucvtgbltguc tcli ae tnc Aeegfc ae Gmvzcftap Bcmcplk .AGB'gv fnlpbcd rgtn nckzgmb zspvsc zpavcfstgam ae tnavc rna

zcpzctpltc l ugakcmt fpgic lblgmvt l Uaksmtccp- Ge was `cfaic

l ugftgi ae l ugakcmt fpgic+ tnc dcfgvgam ta zpavcfstc ap mat

ta zpavcfstc gv cmtgpckw waspv+ lmd amc ae tnc tlvov ae tnc AGB

gv ta iloc vspc tnlt was lpc eskkw gmeapicd ae wasp aztgamv

lmd nckz was tnpasbn tnc zpafcvv lmd zpafcdspcv gmuakucd

gm bagmb eaprlpd rgtn zpavcfstgam vnaskd was rgvn ta da va-Ge was dcfgdc ta zpavcfstc+ rc lpc ncpc ta lvvgvt was gm cucpw

rlw rc flm-


62/115


Fpgicv tnlt affsp aucpvclv+ ae faspvc+ lpc gmucvtgbltcd lmd

zpavcfstcd `w kaflk lstnapgtgcv gm kaflk fasptv- Asp pakc gv

ta faapdgmltc tnc gmucvtgbltgam lmd cugdcmfc fakkcftgam rgtntnc pcbgamlk vcfspgtw aeegfcpv .PVAv' lt tnc S-V- ci`lvvw+

kaflk zakgfc+ lmd kaflk zpavcfstapv+ lmd atncpv ta cmvspc tnlt

wasp pgbntv lpc zpatcftcd ta tnc eskkcvt c~tcmt zavvg`kc smdcp

tnc klrv ae tnc fasmtpw- AGB gmucvtgbltguc vtlee nlv c~tcmvguc

c~zcpgcmfc gm fpgigmlk gmucvtgbltgam+ gm rapogmb vcmvgtguckw

rgtn ugftgiv+ lmd lv lduafltcv eap ugftgiv- Rc lkva+ ilw+ smdcp

fcptlgm kgigtcd fgpfsivtlmfcv+ lpplmbc eap tnc pctcmtgam ae lkaflk klrwcp ta lvvgvt tnc kaflk zs`kgf zpavcfstap gm ilogmb tnc

flvc lblgmvt tnc gmdgugdslk rna zcpzctpltcd tnc ugakcmt fpgic-

Ge was da `cfaic l ugftgi ae l ugakcmt fpgic+ egpvt+ iloc vspc

was lpc gm l vlec zklfc lmd rgtn zcazkc was tpsvt lmd+ vcfamd+

famtlft tnc fasmtpw dgpcftap+ tnc Zclfc Fapzv icdgflk aeegfcp

ap tnc vlectw lmd vcfspgtw faapdgmltap- Giicdgltc pczaptgmb

gv gizaptlmt ta tnc zpcvcpultgam ae cugdcmfc lmd tnc fnlmfcv

ae lzzpcncmdgmb tnc vsvzcft- Tnc fasmtpw dgpcftapv+ icdgflk

aeegfcpv lmd vlectw lmd vcfspgtw faapdgmltap lpc pc|sgpcd ta

pczapt lkk ugakcmt fpgicv ta tnc gmvzcftap bcmcplk lmd tnc

PVA- Tngv gmeapiltgam gv zpatcftcd epai smlstnapgxcd esptncp

dgvfkavspc `w tnc Zpgulfw Lft- Pczaptgmb tnc fpgic lkva nckzv

zpcucmt wasp esptncp ugftgigxltgam lmd zpatcftv wasp eckkar

Uaksmtccpv-

Gm famhsmftgam rgtn tnc PVA+ tnc AGB dacv l zpckgigmlpw

gmucvtgbltgam ae lkk ugakcmt fpgicv lblgmvt Uaksmtccpv+

pcblpdkcvv ae rnctncp tnc fpgic nlv `ccm pczaptcd ta kaflk

lstnapgtgcv ap ae tnc dcfgvgam was ilw sktgiltckw iloc ta

zpavcfstc- Ge was lpc l ugftgi ae l fpgic+ asp vtlee rgkk rapo

rgtn was tnpasbn egmlk dgvzavgtgam ae tnc flvc- AGB vtlee gvlulgkl`kc 04 naspv l dlw+ 2 dlwv l rcco- Rc ilw `c famtlftcd

tnpasbn asp 04)nasp ugakcmt fpgic natkgmc ugl tckcznamc

lt 0:0)570)07


63/115


ilw dgvzklw l plmbc ae pclftgamv ta fsktsplk dgeecpcmfcv tnlt

was zpcvcmt-

Ta clvc tnc tplmvgtgam lmd ldlzt ta kgec gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf+

was ilw mccd ta iloc vaic tcizaplpw+ wct esmdlicmtlk

faizpaigvcv gm nar was zpcvcmt waspvcke lv lm Licpgflm lmd

lv lm gmdgugdslk- Eap c~lizkc+ ecilkc tplgmccv lmd Uaksmtccpv

ilw mat `c l`kc ta c~cpfgvc tnc gmdczcmdcmfc lulgkl`kc ta

tnci gm tnc Smgtcd Vtltcv? zakgtgflk dgvfsvvgamv rgkk mccd ta `c

nlmdkcd rgtn bpclt flpc? lmd vaic ae wasp zcpvamlk `ckgcev ilw

`cvt pcilgm smdgvfkavcd- Was rgkk mccd ta dcuckaz tcfnmg|scv

lmd zcpvamlk vtpltcbgcv eap fazgmb rgtn tncvc lmd atncp

kgigtltgamv- Tnc Zclfc Fapzv vtlee rgkk `c lulgkl`kc ta zpaugdc

vszzapt+ `st tnc fnlkkcmbc sktgiltckw rgkk `c wasp arm-

Aucpugcr ae Dgucpvgtw gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf

Tnc Zclfc Fapzv vtlee gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf pcfabmgxcv

ldhsvticmt gvvscv tnlt faic rgtn dgucpvgtw lmd rgkk cmdcluap

ta zpaugdc vszzapt lmd bsgdlmfc- Dspgmb zpc)vcpugfc tplgmgmb+

Uaksmtccpv rgkk `c tplgmcd am dgucpvgtw gvvscv lmd kclpm fazgmb

icfnlmgviv- Rc kaao eaprlpd ta nlugmb ilkc lmd ecilkc

Uaksmtccpv epai l ulpgctw ae fsktspcv+ `lfobpasmdv+ pckgbgamv+

ctnmgf bpaszv+ vc~slk apgcmtltgamv lmd lbcv lmd nazc was rgkk

`cfaic zlpt ae l dgucpvc bpasz ae Licpgflmv rna vszzapt

amc lmatncp lmd tloc zpgdc gm dciamvtpltgmb tnc pgfnmcvv ae

Licpgflm fsktspc-

Rnlt Igbnt l Uaksmtccp Elfc1

Zavvg`kc Gvvscv eap Ecilkc Uaksmtccpv

Ilmw ecilkc Uaksmtccpv egmd gt dgeegfskt ta ldhsvt ta tnc

pckltguckw famvcpultguc lttgtsdcv tarlpd raicm gm tnc Owpbwx

Pczs`kgf- Gm ilmw zlptv ae tnc fasmtpw+ gt gv gizaptlmt ta

rclp kamb vogptv+ faucp amcv ncld+ lmd mat `c vccm viaogmb


71/115


gm zs`kgf- Tnc pskcv ae dltgmb lmd tlkogmb rgtn icm lpc

tnpar`lfov ta tnc clpkw


72/115


nar G rlv- G dgdmt pcfabmgxc ngi+ `st nc vccicd ta omar

ic+ va G vtazzcd l`ast l ictcp lmd l nlke epai ngi ta tlko-

Tnlt rlv l igvtloc- Nc rlv l vtplmbcp+ lmd rncm nc egbspcdast G faskdmt smdcpvtlmd ngi+ nc pclfncd ast lmd zgmfncd

iw `pclvt- G rlv va vtsmmcd tnlt G faskd amkw fsvv lt ngi gm

Cmbkgvn lmd rlko lrlw- Tnc iaplk ta tngv vtapw gv8 Da mat

tlko ta icm was da mat omar,

Lt iw vgtc+ G kguc rgtn l vgmbkc iatncp+ lmd tnc ulvt ilhapgtw

ae tclfncpv lt iw vfnaak lpc raicm- Lv l pcvskt+ G nluc ucpwecr dlgkw gmtcplftgamv rgtn icm- Narcucp+ raicm dcegmgtckw

lpc tpcltcd dgeecpcmtkw ncpc- Gt gv cvzcfglkkw matgfcl`kc ta

ic rncm G li rgtn ilkc Uaksmtccpv- Lt tncvc tgicv+ G da

matgfc l dgeecpcmfc gm nar rc lpc tpcltcd- Aetcm+ G li mat

cucm lfomarkcdbcd- Tnc kaflk icm lkrlwv ba ta tnc ilkc

Uaksmtccp+ lmd G nluc `ccm tpcltcd lv ge G damt c~gvt- Gt flm

`c c~tpcickw lmmawgmb lmd epsvtpltgmb lt tgicv- Gm ilmw

vgtsltgamv+ G ecck kgoc rlugmb iw nlmdv+ hsizgmb sz lmd

darm+ lmd wckkgmb Ncw,

Zavvg`kc Gvvscv eap Uaksmtccpv ae Fakap

Uaksmtccpv ae fakap elfc lddgtgamlk fnlkkcmbcv gmvgdc lmd

astvgdc ae tnc Zclfc Fapzv faiismgtw- Rgtngm tnc Uaksmtccp

faiismgtw+ was ilw `c tnc amkw zcpvam ae fakap ta vcpuc lv

l igmapgtw tplgmcc ap Uaksmtccp gm l zlptgfsklp zpahcft- Was

ilw mat pcfcguc+ ap `c l`kc ta pcfcguc+ tnc mcfcvvlpw zcpvamlk

vszzapt epai atncp Uaksmtccpv lmd+ gm vaic flvcv+ was ilw

elfc zpchsdgfcv epai atncp Uaksmtccpv am lffasmt ae gbmaplmfc

lmd klfo ae c~zcpgcmfc rgtn zcazkc ae fakap- Gm lddgtgam+ was

ilw mat egmd pakc iadckv ae fakap liamb tnc Zclfc Fapzv

fasmtpw vtlee-

Amfc was iauc ta wasp vgtc+ was ilw rapo lmd kguc rgtn

gmdgugdslkv rna nluc ma c~zcpgcmfc rgtn ap smdcpvtlmdgmb

ae mam)Flsflvglm Licpgflm fsktspc- @cflsvc ae gbmaplmfc+


73/115

L R C K F A I C @ A A O O W P B W X P C Z S @ K G F 2:

Kgugmb gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf lv l kcv`glm dcegmgtckw nlv

`ccm amc ae tnc iapc fnlkkcmbgmb tngmbv G nluc cucp damc-

G li vaicamc rna kaucv `cgmb lpasmd iw epgcmdv lmd cmhawvblw vafglk kgec lmd faiismgtw apblmgxgmb gm tnc Smgtcd

Vtltcv- Cvvcmtglkkw+ rgtngm iw faiismgtw+ G nluc nld ta

bguc tnlt sz lmd zspvsc iw zlvvgam eap tnc faiismgtw lmd

tnc mambaucpmicmtlk apblmgxltgam G rapo rgtn- Ae faspvc+

rapogmb eap l bpasz tnlt apblmgxcv zcmvgamcpv gv mat tnc

vlic lv faiismgtw apblmgxgmb rgtn blw zcazkc- Dcvzgtc tngv+

G nluc easmd tnc c~zcpgcmfc c~tpcickw pcrlpdgmb `cflsvc

Gi kclpmgmb ta rapo rgtn l `paldcp faiismgtw ae zcazkc

lmd kclpmgmb ta lzzpcfgltc tnc ulksc ae bagmb dgpcftkw ta

tnci lmd kgvtcmgmb ta tncgp mccdv- Tnc klfo ae l vgbmgegflmt

blw faiismgtw gv ucpw nlpd- G nluc easmd amc ae tnc `cvt

rlwv ta dclk rgtn tngv gv ta `c ast rgtn iw eckkar Uaksmtccpv-

Tngv gv cvvcmtglk `cflsvc gt bgucv ic l eapsi gm rngfn ta

tlko l`ast zlptv ae iw kgec tnlt G flmmat vzclo ae gm iw

faiismgtw- Esptncpiapc+ dcuckazgmb famtlftv rgtn atncp

blw Uaksmtccpv gm Fcmtplk Lvgl gv ucpw pcrlpdgmb `cflsvc rc

flm vnlpc asp c~zcpgcmfcv-

G famvgdcp tnc ugkklbc rncpc G kguc ta `c amc ae tnc iapc azcm)

igmdcd psplk faiismgtgcv gm Owpbwxvtlm- Vgmfc iw lppgulk tra

wclpv lba+ l ugkklbcp rgkk afflvgamlkkw vzcfskltc tnlt G igbnt

`c naiavc~slk `cflsvc G li l vgmbkc+ igddkc)lbcd lmd `w

lkk lzzclplmfcv mat l vc~slkkw lftguc ilkc gm tnc faiismgtw

.lmd lkk ilkcv lpc c~zcftcd ta `c vc~slkkw lftguc'- Rncm

G tckk tnci tnlt Gi nctcpavc~slk+ l vcmvc ae pckgce gv |sgtc

lzzlpcmt gm tncgp pcvzamvcv- Gm psplk lpclv+ Gd vlw gtv zpa`l`kw

`cvt ta c~zcft ugptslkkw ma lffcztlmfc ae naiavc~slkgtw am

l vafgctlk kcuck+ tnasbn fcptlgm ici`cpv ae l faiismgtw

ilw takcpltc gt- Tnasbn tnc kaflkv lpc fcptlgmkw fnlpigmb

zcazkc+ G nluc cmfasmtcpcd l bpclt dclk ae gmtakcplmfc tarlpd

fcptlgm ici`cpv ae tnc faiismgtw- Vmlz hsdbicmtv lpc

ucpw faiiam+ tnasbn iapc aetcm tnlm mat+ gmtakcplmfc gv


83/115


84/115

Z C L F C F A P Z V>0

Rncm was lppguc gm)fasmtpw+ pcici`cp tnlt tngv gv mat l

namcwiaam- Tnc c~zcpgcmfc rgkk tcvt wasp faiigticmt+ va

tnc iapc c~zcpgcmfc was nluc tabctncp+ tnc `cttcp aee wasrgkk `c- Eap tnavc rna lpc mcrkwrcdv+ tngv flm `c l fplvn

faspvc gm ilppglbc-

@cgmb ilppgcd ncpc zavcv vaic fnlkkcmbcv `st+ gm tspm+

aeecpv vaic `cmcegtv- Tnc bcmdcp blz gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf

gv nsbc+ lmd tngv rgkk leecft nar ilppgcd faszkcv pckltc gm

Owpbwx vafgctw- Iw ldugfc ta ilppgcd faszkcv gv ta `c cucm

iapc azcm tnlm svslk lmd ta faiismgfltc l`ast cucpwdlw

epsvtpltgamv lmd lffaizkgvnicmtv- Ge was damt kct tnc dlgkw

vtpcvv ae kgec gm Owpbwx vafgctw faic `ctrccm was+ was rgkk

faic `lfo fkavcp lmd vtpambcp lv l faszkc-

Zavvg`kc Pckgbgasv Gvvscv eap Uaksmtccpv

Lktnasbn tnc Owpbwx+ Sx`cov+ Olxlonv+ lmd Tlhgov gm tnc

fasmtpw lpc zpcdaigmlmtkw Isvkgi+ tnc Psvvgegfltgam ae

gmdgbcmasv ctnmgf bpaszv lmd fsktspcv nlv `ccm vgbmgegflmt-

Rngkc tncpc nlv `ccm l pcvspbcmfc ae Gvkli gm vaic pcbgamv ae

Fcmtplk Lvgl+ pckgbgam dacv mat vcci ta zklw l daigmlmt pakc gm

tnc zakgtgflk ap cfamaigf kgec ae tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf c~fczt gm

tnc vastncpm pcbgam ae tnc fasmtpw- Uaksmtccpv lpc epc|scmtkw

lvocd l`ast tncgp pckgbgasv leegkgltgam lmd ilw `c gmugtcd ta

lttcmd l faiismgtw iav|sc- Tnavc mat gm tnc zplftgfc ae

lttcmdgmb pckgbgasv vcpugfcv ilw `c fnlkkcmbcd ta c~zklgm tncgp

pcksftlmfc+ `st gt gv zavvg`kc ta zakgtckw dcfkgmc ge tnc pckgbgasv

vcpugfcv lpc mat ae amcv arm elgtn- Iavt Uaksmtccpv nluc easmd

ceecftguc rlwv ta fazc rgtn tncvc gvvscv lmd nluc faic ta ecck

|sgtc lt naic gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf-


85/115

L R C K F A I C @ A A O O W P B W X P C Z S @ K G F >6

Zavvg`kc Gvvscv eap Uaksmtccpv rgtn Dgvl`gkgtgcv

Lv l dgvl`kcd Uaksmtccp gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf+ was ilw

egmd tnlt was elfc l vzcfglk vct ae fnlkkcmbcv- Gm tnc Owpbwx

Pczs`kgf+ lv gm atncp zlptv ae tnc rapkd+ vaic zcazkc ilw nakd

zpchsdgfglk lttgtsdcv l`ast gmdgugdslkv rgtn dgvl`gkgtgcv lmd

ilw dgvfpgigmltc lblgmvt tnci- Gm lddgtgam+ tncpc gv ucpw kgttkc

gmeplvtpsftspc gm tnc fasmtpw ta lffaiiadltc gmdgugdslkv rgtn

dgvl`gkgtgcv faizlpcd rgtn rnlt nlv `ccm dcuckazcd gm tnc

Smgtcd Vtltcv-

Lv zlpt ae tnc icdgflk fkclplmfc zpafcvv+ tnc Zclfc Fapzv

Aeegfc ae Icdgflk Vcpugfcv dctcpigmcd tnlt was rcpc

znwvgflkkw lmd ciatgamlkkw flzl`kc+ rgtn ap rgtnast pclvaml`kc

lffaiiadltgamv+ ae zcpeapigmb l eskk tasp ae Uaksmtccp vcpugfc

gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf rgtnast smpclvaml`kc pgvo ae nlpi-

Zclfc Fapzv!Owpbwx Pczs`kgf vtlee rgkk rapo rgtn dgvl`kcd

Uaksmtccpv ta iloc pclvaml`kc lffaiiadltgamv gm tplgmgmb+nasvgmb+ ha` vgtcv+ lmd atncp lpclv ta cml`kc tnci ta vcpuc

vleckw lmd ceecftguckw-


86/115


87/115


EPC\SCMTKW LVOCD \SCVTGAMV

Nar isfn ksbblbc li G lkkarcd ta `pgmb ta tnc Owpbwx

Pczs`kgf1

Wasp flppw)am ksbblbc vnaskd rcgbn ma iapc tnlm


88/115


89/115


Rgkk iw `ckambgmbv `c faucpcd `w gmvsplmfc1

Tnc Zclfc Fapzv dacv mat zpaugdc gmvsplmfc faucplbc eap

zcpvamlk ceecftv? Uaksmtccpv lpc sktgiltckw pcvzamvg`kc eaptnc vlecocczgmb ae tncgp zcpvamlk `ckambgmbv- Narcucp+ was

flm zspfnlvc zcpvamlk zpazcptw gmvsplmfc `ceapc was kcluc-

Ge was rgvn+ was ilw famtlft wasp arm gmvsplmfc faizlmw?

lddgtgamlkkw+ gmvsplmfc lzzkgfltgam eapiv rgkk `c zpaugdcd+

lmd rc cmfasplbc was ta famvgdcp tnci flpceskkw- Lddgtgamlk

gmeapiltgam l`ast gmvsplmfc vnaskd `c a`tlgmcd `w flkkgmb

tnc gmvsplmfc faizlmw dgpcftkw- Uaksmtccpv vnaskd mat vngzap tloc ulksl`kc ap gppczklfcl`kc gtciv aucpvclv- Hcrckpw+

rltfncv+ pldgav+ flicplv+ lmd c~zcmvguc ckcftpamgfv ap

lzzkgflmfcv lpc vs`hcft ta kavv+ tncet+ lmd `pclolbc+ lmd gm

ilmw zklfcv+ vltgvelftapw ilgmtcmlmfc lmd pczlgp vcpugfcv lpc

mat lulgkl`kc-

Da G mccd lm gmtcpmltgamlk dpgucpv kgfcmvc1

Uaksmtccpv gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf da mat mccd lm

gmtcpmltgamlk dpgucpv kgfcmvc- Zclfc Fapzv Uaksmtccpv lpc mat

zcpigttcd ta dpguc flpv ap dpguc ap pgdc am iatapfwfkcv rngkc

gm tnc fasmtpw- Lmw Uaksmtccp rna fnaavcv ta arm ap pgdc l

`gfwfkc ap l napvc isvt rclp l Zclfc Fapzv)gvvscd nckict

rngkc pgdgmb-

Rnlt vnaskd G `pgmb lv bgetv eap Owpbwx epgcmdv lmd iw navt

eligkw1

Tngv gv mat l pc|sgpcicmt- L taocm ae epgcmdvngz gv vseegfgcmt-

Zkclvc pcici`cp tnlt was ilw kguc rgtn l navt eligkw rncm

was lppguc lt wasp zcpilmcmt vgtc+ lv rckk lv dspgmb ZVT+ va

was ilw rgvn ta zklm ta `pgmb cmasbn ta vnlpc rgtn ulpgasv

zcazkc cucm ge was damt cmd sz kgugmb rgtn l navt eligkw

gm wasp vgtc+ was flm svc tnavc bgetv ta vnlpc rgtn waspfasmtcpzlptv+ epgcmdv lmd atncpv amfc lt vgtc- Am `lklmfc+

tnasbn+ was damt rlmt ta `c zcpfcgucd lv nlugmb l kat ae

tpcltv lmd nluc ici`cpv ae tnc faiismgtw lvvsic was lpc


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Z C L F C F A P Z V>>

l vaspfc ae c~zcmvguc tpgmoctv ap nluc wasp `cmcuakcmfc

tlocm eap bplmtcd- Vaic bget vsbbcvtgamv gmfksdc omgfoomlfov

eap tnc nasvc? zgftspcv+ `aaov+ ap flkcmdlpv ae Licpgflmvfcmcv? vasucmgpv epai wasp vtltc ap pcbgam? l dcekltcd

vaffcp!`lvoct`lkk ta vtlpt l blic rgtn kaflk wastn? vzgfcv lmd

pcfgzcv ta vnlpc wasp eluapgtc iclk rgtn wasp navt eligkw lmd

fakkclbscv+ ap znatav ta bguc lrlw-

Rncpc rgkk iw vgtc lvvgbmicmt `c rncm G egmgvn tplgmgmb lmd

nar gvakltcd rgkk G `c1

Tnc Zclfc Fapzv zpgapgtw gv ta zklfc was rncpc tncpc gv tnc

iavt mccd lmd rncpc was flm svc wasp vogkkv ta tnc stiavt

lmd `c ceecftguc lmd zpadsftguc gm wasp rapo- Iavt Uaksmtccpv

kguc gm vilkk tarmv ap gm psplk ugkklbcv lmd lpc svslkkw rgtngm

amc nasp ae lmatncp Uaksmtccp- Iavt vgtcv lpc kafltcd vcucplk

naspv epai tnc pcbgamlk flzgtlk- Zclfc Fapzv tplgmccv lpc mat

matgegcd ae tncgp lvvgbmcd gmdgugdslk vgtcv smtgk tnc klvt ecr

rccov ae zpc)vcpugfc tplgmgmb- Tngv bgucv Zclfc Fapzv vtlee tnc

azzaptsmgtw ta lvvcvv clfn tplgmccv tcfnmgflk lmd klmbslbc

vogkkv zpgap ta lvvgbmgmb vgtcv lmd ta egmlkgxc vgtc vckcftgamv rgtn

tncgp faiismgtw zlptmcpv- Was rgkk nluc tnc azzaptsmgtw ta

zpaugdc gmzst am wasp vgtc zpcecpcmfcv+ gmfksdgmb bcabplzngflk

kafltgam+ dgvtlmfc epai atncp Uaksmtccpv+ lmd kgugmb famdgtgamv-

Narcucp+ occz gm igmd tnlt ilmw elftapv gmekscmfc tnc vgtc

vckcftgam zpafcvv lmd tnlt tnc Zclfc Fapzv flmmat bslplmtcc

zklfcicmt rncpc was raskd gdclkkw kgoc ta `c-

Nar flm iw eligkw famtlft ic gm lm cicpbcmfw1

Tnc Zclfc Fapzv Aeegfc ae Vzcfglk Vcpugfcv zpaugdcv

lvvgvtlmfc gm nlmdkgmb cicpbcmfgcv leecftgmb tplgmccv lmd

Uaksmtccpv ap tncgp eligkgcv- @ceapc kclugmb tnc Smgtcd Vtltcv+

was vnaskd gmvtpsft wasp eligkw ta matgew tnc Aeegfc ae VzcfglkVcpugfcv giicdgltckw ge lm cicpbcmfw lpgvcv+ vsfn lv l vcpgasv

gkkmcvv ap dcltn ae l eligkw ici`cp- Dspgmb mapilk `svgmcvv

naspv+ tnc msi`cp eap tnc Aeegfc ae Vzcfglk Vcpugfcv gv


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>::)404)>3>: ap 0:0)570-::)404)>3>: lmd lvogmb eap tncIambakgl Dcvo-

Flm G flkk naic epai tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf1

Gmtcpmltgamlk znamc vcpugfc ta lmd epai tnc Owpbwx

Pczs`kgf gv baad pckltguc ta tnlt ae atncp fasmtpgcv gm tnc

Faiiamrclktn ae Gmdczcmdcmt Vtltcv- Tckcoai+ tnc Owpbwx

tckcznamc faizlmw+ nlv aeegfcv gm tarmv lmd fgtgcv tnpasbnast

tnc fasmtpw- Narcucp+ gmtcpmltgamlk flkkv lpc ucpw c~zcmvguc

.l`ast $0 zcp igmstc'+ va vaic Uaksmtccpv iloc fakkcft flkkv

ugl lm gmtcpmltgamlk azcpltap- Ilmw ae tnc navt eligkgcv nluc

tckcznamcv gm tncgp naicv- Ge mat+ tncpc gv lffcvv ta znamcv lt

zavt aeegfcv gm tnc tplgmgmb tarm lmd gm vaic ae tnc tplgmgmb

faiismgtgcv- Gmtcpmltgamlk flkkgmb gv lkva lulgkl`kc epai

kaflk Gmtcpmct flecv lt ucpw pclvaml`kc zpgfcv+ tnasbn tnc

fammcftgam gv vaictgicv vzattw lmd flkkgmb naspv lrorlpd-

Vnaskd G `pgmb l fckksklp znamc rgtn ic1

Tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf nlv fckksklp znamc vcpugfc+ lmd ocw Zclfc

Fapzv vtlee ici`cpv nluc fckk znamcv ta lttcmd ta cicpbcmfw

flkkv- @st `cflsvc ae tnc iasmtlgmasv tcpplgm+ fckksklp vcpugfc

flm `c vzattw- Gm lddgtgam+ dgeecpcmfcv gm tcfnmakabw iloc iavt

S-V- fckk znamcv gmfaizltg`kc rgtn tnc Owpbwx vwvtci- Kaflkfaiismgfltgam ictnadv lpc pckgl`kc cmasbn lmd lpc iapc

faizltg`kc rgtn tnc Zclfc Fapzv `ckgce tnlt Uaksmtccpv vnaskd

kguc iadcvtkw lt tnc kcuck ae tncgp kaflk fakkclbscv-

Rgkk tncpc `c c)ilgk lmd Gmtcpmct lffcvv1

Vnaskd G `pgmb iw faizstcp1

Iavt Uaksmtccpv lpc lt vgtcv tnlt da mat nluc Gmtcpmct lffcvv-Narcucp+ ilmw `svgmcvvcv lmd gmdgugdslkv gm tnc flzgtlk lmd

gm vaic klpbcp fgtgcv lmd tarmv nluc Gmtcpmct lffcvv+ lmd

tncpc lpc l bpargmb msi`cp ae Gmtcpmct flev- Dsc ta tnc


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rclocp tckcznamc lmd ckcftpgflk gmeplvtpsftspc gm astkwgmb

lpclv+ Uaksmtccpv gm psplk vgtcv ilw `c kgigtcd ta vcmdgmb

lmd pcfcgugmb c)ilgk am tncgp afflvgamlk ugvgtv ta tnc flzgtlkap pcbgamlk ns`v- @ceapc kclugmb tnc Smgtcd Vtltcv+ ilmw

Uaksmtccpv cvtl`kgvn epcc c)ilgk lffasmtv+ rngfn tncw flm

lffcvv rapkdrgdc- Ge was lpc svgmb l smgucpvgtw cilgk lffasmt

lv wasp zpgilpw cilgk lddpcvv famtlft+ rc pcfaiicmd tnlt

was cmvspc tnlt tngv lffasmt rgkk mat vnst darm amfc was

lpc ast ae vfnaak- Ge was da vgbm sz eap l mcr cilgk lffasmt+

zkclvc lkva szdltc tncIw Taakogt ecltspc ta cmvspc rc nluc

tnc iavt lffspltc famtlft gmeapiltgam gm asp vwvtci-

Vaic Uaksmtccpv `pgmb klztaz faizstcpv rgtn tnci lmd lpc

nlzzw tncw dgd va- Klztazv flm vcpuc lv l ulksl`kc pcvaspfc gm

vsffcvveskkw icctgmb tnc mccdv ae wasp Uaksmtccp lvvgbmicmt

lmd zpaugdc l iclmv ae rltfngmb iaugcv lmd kgvtcmgmb ta isvgf?

ilmw Uaksmtccpv ilgmtlgm tncgp c~cpfgvc pastgmc `w rapogmb ast

rgtn ugdcav zklwcd am tncgp klztazv- Narcucp+ tnc Zclfc Fapzvrgkk mat pczklfc vtakcm faizstcpv lmd vtpambkw cmfasplbcv

tnavc rna `pgmb l faizstcp ta bct zcpvamlk zpazcptw gmvsplmfc-

@cflsvc ae tnc ngbn ulksc ae klztazv+ armcpv vgbmgegflmtkw

gmfpclvc tncgp pgvo ae `cfaigmb ugftgiv ae fpgic- Iapcaucp+ was

zpa`l`kw rgkk mat egmd tnc vlic kcuck ae tcfnmgflk lvvgvtlmfc

lmd vcpugfc gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf tnlt was raskd gm tnc

Smgtcd Vtltcv lmd lmw pczklfcicmt zlptv faskd tloc iamtnvta lppguc- Lkva matc tnlt blgmgmb Gmtcpmct lffcvv ugl wasp

klztaz gv amkw l pciatc zavvg`gkgtw ucpw ecr Uaksmtccpv nluc

ldc|sltc tckcznamc kgmcv gm tncgp naic ap rapozklfc- Ge was

`pgmb l klztaz+ `c vspc ta `sw l ngbn)|slkgtw vspbc zpatcftap+

lv ckcftpgflk klzvcv lmd vspbcv lpc faiiam- Tnc Zclfc Fapzv

gv mat a`kgbltcd ta zpaugdc was l vgtc rgtn Gmtcpmct fammcftgam-

Fsppcmt Uaksmtccpv vtpambkw pcfaiicmd `pgmbgmb l eklvn aptnsi` dpguc cucm ge was damt `pgmb l klztaz-


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lkkarlmfc tnlt faucpv tnc zspfnlvc ae vaic rgmtcp fkatngmb

lmd vszzkgcv gm)fasmtpw- Tnc nlpd rltcp lmd vtpamb dctcpbcmt+

mat ta icmtgam nlmd)rlvngmb+ rgkk `c nlpvn am wasp fkatngmb+va iloc vspc tnlt rnltcucp was `pgmb flm vtlmd sz ta tngv

tpclticmt- Iavt Uaksmtccpv rclp tncgp fkatncv eap vcucplk

dlwv `ceapc rlvngmb tnci+ va dlpo fakapv lpc l baad gdcl-

Gt bctv fakd gm tnc rgmtcp+ va zlfo eap lmw rgmtcp rcltncp-

Hclmv+ onlogv lmd vklfov aeecp ucpw kgttkc ulksc gm tcpiv ae

rlpitn+ va icm lmd raicm lkgoc vnaskd `pgmb l ecr zlgp

ae tncpilk smdcprclp- @pgmb fkatncv tnlt da mat pc|sgpcepc|scmt lmd vzcfglk flpc+ g-c- dpw fkclmgmb- @klxcpv+ vsgtv+

vzapt faltv+ lmd vrcltcpv vnaskd `c gm dlpo fakapv ta dgvbsgvc

tnc tagk ae epc|scmt svc- Pcici`cp+ taa+ tnlt was rgkk kgockw `c

klsmdcpgmb wasp fkatncv `w nlmd hclmv+ kgbnt)fakapcd fkatngmb

lmd atncp el`pgfv flm zpauc dgeegfskt ta rlvn+ dpw lmd occz

tncgp fakap gm tncvc famdgtgamv-

L rgdc ulpgctw ae fkatncv gv lulgkl`kc ncpc .ilmw ae tnci

ildc gm Fngml'+ `st |slkgtw flm `c klfogmb- Ge was nluc l nlpd

tgic egmdgmb wasp vgxc gm tnc Smgtcd Vtltcv+ was ramt egmd gt

ncpc+ lmd bcmsgmc ngbn)tcfn eg`cpv lpc mat pcldgkw lulgkl`kc-

Ucpw rlpi+ kaflkkw)ildc rgmtcp fkatncv flm `c zspfnlvcd

gm)fasmtpw- Rlkogmb rgkk `c wasp ilgm iadc ae tplmvzaptltgam

lpasmd tarm+ lmd tnc tcpplgm ncpc gv pltncp psbbcd+ va was

mccd eaatrclp tnlt flm tloc l kat ae l`svc-

Dpcvv gv ucpw gizaptlmt gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf- Tnc zazsklp

gilbc ae l Zclfc Fapzv Uaksmtccp gm vlmdlkv lmd l T)vngpt rgtn l

smgucpvgtw kaba gv mat lzzpazpgltc gm tngv fasmtpw .map gv igkgtlpw)

vtwkc fkatngmb ap lffcvvapgcv'- Elgp ap mat+ zcazkc lpc hsdbcd

`w tnc rlw tncw dpcvv gm tnc Owpbwx Pczs`kgf+ iapc va tnlm gm

tnc Smgtcd Vtltcv- Wasp fakkclbscv rgkk dpcvv lv zpaecvvgamlkvlmd eap was ta da atncprgvc rgkk `c famvgdcpcd dgvpcvzcftesk-

Ge was faic ta rapo gmlzzpazpgltckw dpcvvcd+ wasp fakkclbscv+

vtsdcmtv+ lmd atncpv gm tnc faiismgtw rgkk zpa`l`kw mat vlw


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lmwtngmb ta was dgpcftkw `st ilw tlko smeluapl`kw l`ast was ta

atncpv- Eakkargmb tnc kcld ae wasp fa)rapocpv rgkk nckz was blgm

lffcztlmfc lmd pcvzcft gm wasp faiismgtw- Tngv dacv mat iclmtnlt was mccd ta vzcmd l kat ae iamcw am mcr fkatngmb- Pltncp+

`c vckcftguc gm rnlt was `pgmb+ lmd famvgdcp `swgmb vaic ae

wasp zpaecvvgamlk fkatngmb gm @gvnoco- Tnc |slkgtw lmd vtwkc ilw

mat `c c|slk ta tnlt easmd gm Licpgfl+ `st tncw lpc tnc vlic

fkatncv wasp kaflk fakkclbscv rgkk `c rclpgmb- Ksbblbc vnaskd `c

kgbntrcgbnt+ dspl`kc+ kafol`kc+ lmd clvw ta flppw- Dseeck `lbv lmd

`lfozlfov rgtnast eplicv lpc `cvt `cflsvc was rgkk `c nlskgmbwasp ksbblbc `w eaat tncpc lpc ma pcdflzv ap ksbblbc flptv gm

tngv zlpt ae tnc rapkd-

Bcmcplk Fkatngmb

Rlpi rgmtcp hlfoct .rgtn darm ap Nakkaegk'

Kgbntrcgbnt hlfoct

Ig~)ap)iltfn fkatncv eap klwcpgmb+ vsfn lv vakgd)fakap

tsptkcmcfov

Fakd rcltncp bkaucv lmd nlt

Kamb smdcprclp vgko gv kgbntrcgbnt+ clvw ta fkclm+

lmd rlpi

T)vngptv .rgtnast rapdgmb ap zgftspcv l`ast

famtpaucpvglk gvvscv vsfn lv zakgtgfv+ dpsbv+ lmd vc~' Amc ap tra zlgpv ae hclmv

Vzaptv lmd egtmcvv fkatngmb+ vsfn lv habbgmb zlmtv

.vnaptv lpc gmlzzpazpgltc gm iavt zklfcv+ `st flm `c

rapm gm l bwi ap rncm psmmgmb gm l vtldgsi'

Nlt ap `lvc`lkk flz eap zpatcftgam epai tnc vsm

Smdcprclp lmd vafov eap tra wclpv .kaflkkw lulgkl`kc

zpadsftv tcmd ta `c ae zaap |slkgtw' @lmdlmmlv ap nlmdocpfngcev

vtafogmb flz!vog flz

raak vafov .lt kclvt vg~ zlgpv'


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Z C L F C F A P Z V


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Z C L F C F A P Z V


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L R C K F A I C @ A A O O W P B W X P C Z S @ K G F ::)404)>3>:+ c~tcmvgam


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Z C L F C F A P Z V

Lpplmbc ta `pgmb l tnpcc)iamtn vszzkw ae lkk

icdgfltgamv .gmfksdgmb `gptn famtpak zgkkv' was lpc

fsppcmtkw tlogmb-

Gmvsplmfc

Iloc lpplmbcicmtv ta ilgmtlgm kgec gmvsplmfc faucplbc-

Lpplmbc ta ilgmtlgm vszzkcicmtlk nclktn faucplbc

rngkc was lpc lrlw- .Cucm tnasbn tnc Zclfc Fapzv gv

pcvzamvg kc eap wasp nclktnflpc dspgmb Zclfc Fapzv

vcpugfc aucpvclv+ gt gv ldugvl`kc eap zcazkc rna nluczpcc~gvtgmb famdgtgamv ta lpplmbc eap tnc famtgmsltgam

ae tncgp vszzkcicmtlk nclktn faucplbc-'

Lpplmbc ta famtgmsc Icdgflpc faucplbc ge lzzkgfl`kc-

Zcpvamlk Zlzcpv

@pgmb l fazw ae wasp fcptgegfltc ae ilppglbc ap dguapfc-

A`tlgm lmd `pgmb fazgcv ae vfnaak tplmvfpgztv+ dgzkailv+zpaecvvgamlk kgfcmvcv+ pcvsic lmd kcttcpv ae pcecpcmfc gm

flvc was dcfgdc ta lzzkw eap cizkawicmt ap bpldsltc

vfnaak rngkc was lpc aucpvclv-

Lpplmbc ta occz zpaecvvgamlk kgfcmvcv epai c~zgpgmb

dspgmb wasp vcpugfc-

Uatgmb

Pcbgvtcp ta uatc gm tnc vtltc ae wasp naic ae pcfapd-

.Ilmw vtltcv famvgdcp uatgmb lmd zlwicmt ae vtltc

tl~cv lv cugdcmfc ae pcvgdcmfc gm tnlt vtltc-'

A`tlgm l uatcp pcbgvtpltgam flpd lmd `pgmb gt rgtn was

aucpvclv-

Lpplmbc ta nluc lm l`vcmtcc `lkkat eaprlpdcd ta was

aucpvclv-


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L R C K F A I C @ A A O O W P B W X P C Z S @ K G F 3>:+ Zpcvv 0+ tncm

C~t- & .vcc `ckar'

Zclfc Fapzv Ilgkgmb Lddpcvv8 Zclfc FapzvZlsk D- Faucpdckk Zclfc Fapzv Ncld|slptcpv


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Z C L F C F A P Z V::->->220

Kalm Dcecpicmtv+ Uaksmtccp C~t-


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