pcm how can we use phase change materials to sustain house temperature without electricity? yasmin...
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PCMHow can we use Phase Change
Materials to sustain house temperature without electricity?
Yasmin SimmonsTomer HananelTamás Álmos
Vámi
Introduction
Problems:• climate crisis• greenhouse gas emissions
• air pollution• usage of finite resources
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Domestic energy con-sumption
Space heatingWater heatingLights and appliancesCooking
Introduction Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
IntroductionGreen building
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
What are PCM’s?
Absorbs heat
Liquid
Releases heat
Solid
Temperature is above melting point
Temperature is bellow melting point
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Our Idea • Storing PCM’s in the walls
of the house• The goal is to sustain a
specific temperature
range for human comfort
• Decreasing the usage of
energy by replacing air
conditioners• Used for heating the
house in winter and cooling in summer
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Our Idea
PCM’s
Organic
Paraffins
Non-Paraffins
Non-organic
Salt hydrate
Metallics
EutecticOur solution is paraffinsFormula:
CnH2n+2
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
ParaffinsAdvantages:• Safety• Reliability & Stability
• Predicability• Low cost• Non-corrosive• Little volume changeDisadvantage:• Moderately flamability• Non-compatible with all plastic
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Paraffins How to produce:• Fischer-Tropsch reaction:• Using catalysis• Cobalt catalysator
• 200 °C• 200-300 bar (2*107 Pa)
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Paraffins • Heptadecane C17H36
• Octadecane C18H38
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Paraffins Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Difficulties & SolutionsProblems:• Flamability• Liquid phase• Outside temperatureOur solution:• Polyacrylate layer inside
• Polystyrene layer outside
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Application Wall structure
Insid
ePo
lyacry
late
PCM
Poly
acry
late
Poly
styre
ne
Ou
tside
~2 mm
~2 cm ~2 mm
~2 cm
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Conclusion • Use paraffins:• Heptadecane• Octadecane• Storage in walls• Polyacrylate layer encapsulating
• Polystyrene layer outside the PCMThe PCM will function as a green
heater or cooler with no use of
electricity and no damage or
pollution.
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Conclusion
Total Cost per wall• 50kg of PCM Octadecane 2100$
• Heptadecane
8500$• 150kg of Polyacrylate 225$
• 130kg of Polystyrene 195$
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
FINAL PRICE per house:
Octadecane 42520$ Heptadecane 48920$
Conclusion
Avarage cost of electricty usage for
heating/cooling a house: 5000$ per yearOctadecane- profitable
after 2 yearsHeptadecane- profitable after 8 years
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Future Plans• Finding a PCM that has a
melting point of 25C with low
costs• Creating it using a mixture of
paraffins• Applying this method in
houses around the worldSaving energy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Thank you for listening!
Resources Pasupathy et al: Phase change material-based
building architecture for thermal management
in residential and commercial establishments,
In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
(2008) Sánchez et al: Microencapsulation of PCMs
with a polystyrene shell,
In: Colloid Polym Sci (2007)
http://www.chemicalland21.com/industrialchem/orga
nic/n-OCTADECANE.htm
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structur
e.11892.html A. Sharma et al. Review on thermal energy
storage with phase change materials and
application In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
13 (2009)
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans