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PCMHow can we use Phase Change
Materials to sustain house temperature without electricity?
Yasmin SimmonsTomer HananelTamás Álmos
Vámi
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Introduction
Problems:• climate crisis• greenhouse gas emissions
• air pollution• usage of finite resources
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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Domestic energy con-sumption
Space heatingWater heatingLights and appliancesCooking
Introduction Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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IntroductionGreen building
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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What are PCM’s?
Absorbs heat
Liquid
Releases heat
Solid
Temperature is above melting point
Temperature is bellow melting point
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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Our Idea • Storing PCM’s in the walls
of the house• The goal is to sustain a
specific temperature
range for human comfort
• Decreasing the usage of
energy by replacing air
conditioners• Used for heating the
house in winter and cooling in summer
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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Our Idea
PCM’s
Organic
Paraffins
Non-Paraffins
Non-organic
Salt hydrate
Metallics
EutecticOur solution is paraffinsFormula:
CnH2n+2
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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ParaffinsAdvantages:• Safety• Reliability & Stability
• Predicability• Low cost• Non-corrosive• Little volume changeDisadvantage:• Moderately flamability• Non-compatible with all plastic
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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Paraffins How to produce:• Fischer-Tropsch reaction:• Using catalysis• Cobalt catalysator
• 200 °C• 200-300 bar (2*107 Pa)
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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Paraffins • Heptadecane C17H36
• Octadecane C18H38
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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Paraffins Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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Difficulties & SolutionsProblems:• Flamability• Liquid phase• Outside temperatureOur solution:• Polyacrylate layer inside
• Polystyrene layer outside
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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Application Wall structure
Insid
ePo
lyacry
late
PCM
Poly
acry
late
Poly
styre
ne
Ou
tside
~2 mm
~2 cm ~2 mm
~2 cm
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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Conclusion • Use paraffins:• Heptadecane• Octadecane• Storage in walls• Polyacrylate layer encapsulating
• Polystyrene layer outside the PCMThe PCM will function as a green
heater or cooler with no use of
electricity and no damage or
pollution.
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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Conclusion
Total Cost per wall• 50kg of PCM Octadecane 2100$
• Heptadecane
8500$• 150kg of Polyacrylate 225$
• 130kg of Polystyrene 195$
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
FINAL PRICE per house:
Octadecane 42520$ Heptadecane 48920$
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Conclusion
Avarage cost of electricty usage for
heating/cooling a house: 5000$ per yearOctadecane- profitable
after 2 yearsHeptadecane- profitable after 8 years
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
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Future Plans• Finding a PCM that has a
melting point of 25C with low
costs• Creating it using a mixture of
paraffins• Applying this method in
houses around the worldSaving energy!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans
Thank you for listening!
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Resources Pasupathy et al: Phase change material-based
building architecture for thermal management
in residential and commercial establishments,
In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
(2008) Sánchez et al: Microencapsulation of PCMs
with a polystyrene shell,
In: Colloid Polym Sci (2007)
http://www.chemicalland21.com/industrialchem/orga
nic/n-OCTADECANE.htm
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structur
e.11892.html A. Sharma et al. Review on thermal energy
storage with phase change materials and
application In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
13 (2009)
Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans