payroll accounting 2010 bernard j. bieg and judith a. toland chapter 1 the need for payroll &...
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Payroll Accounting 2010Bernard J. Bieg and Judith A. Toland
CHAPTER 1
THE NEED FOR THE NEED FOR
PAYROLL & PERSONNEL RECORDSPAYROLL & PERSONNEL RECORDS
Developed by Lisa Swallow, CPA CMA MSDeveloped by Lisa Swallow, CPA CMA MS
CHAPTER 5 CHAPTER 1CHAPTER 1
Payroll Profession
Positions within payroll professionRange from payroll clerk to senior payroll
managerProfessional membership – American
Payroll Association (APA)Certified Payroll Professional examCode of Ethics sets direction for profession
Many Laws Affect Payroll
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938State minimum wage and maximum hour
laws Federal Insurance Contribution Act (FICA)Income tax withholding laws
Federal, state and localUnemployment tax actsFair employment lawsOther federal and state laws
Fair Labor Standards Act
Federal Wage & Hour Law of 1938Minimum wage is $7.25/hourEqual pay for equal work provisions Sets law for companies involved
In interstate commerce or In production of goods/services for
interstate commerceRequires payroll records be maintained
Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA)
Comprised of two taxes Both taxes paid by ER (employer) and (EE)
employee OASDI (Old Age, Survivors & Disability Insurance)
6.2% with a cap that changes each year Both employees and employers pay
HI (Health Insurance Plan - Medicare) 1.45% with no cap Both employees and employers pay
Income Tax Withholding Laws
Federal income tax Levied on earnings of employees Income tax is withheld from paychecks
State and local income tax Income tax is withheld from paychecksDifferent in each state
Not all states have state income tax
Unemployment Tax Acts
FUTA (Federal Unemployment Tax Act) ER tax – paid on $7,000 per EE per year Taxes used to pay state and federal
administrative expenses, not used to pay unemployment benefits
SUTA (State Unemployment Tax Act) Mandatory unemployment insurance – each state
has different laws SSA outlines standards that each state’s
unemployment compensation law must follow Used to pay unemployment benefits
Fair Employment Laws Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
EEO (Equal Employment Opportunity) Can’t discriminate in hiring, firing,
promoting or compensating based on color race religion national origin gender
Gender orientation added in certain statesSee http://www.eeoc.gov/ for more information
Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)
ADEA states employers cannot use age to discriminate in hiring, firing or promoting Applies to employers with 20 or more
employeesProvides protection to workers over 40
With a few key exceptions
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)Prevents employers with 15 or more
employees from discriminating against qualified persons based upon disability
“Reasonable accommodation” must be provided This is a very vague term and subject to
court interpretation.
Personal Responsibility & Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act
Requires employers to report information on all new hires within 20 days to state agency Includes name, address and social security
numberRecords coordinated through Office of
Child Support Enforcement (OCSE)Fines up to $25/hire levied for failure to
report A few states now require same from
independent contractors
Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA)Law that bars hiring and retaining aliens
unauthorized to work in U.S.Accomplished by employee completing I-9
within three business days of employmentU.S. Citizenship & Immigration Services
may audit and levy penaltiesCriminal penalties can apply if pattern of
discriminatory practices found
Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
Covers companies with 50 or more employees within 75 mile radius
Employee guaranteed 12 weeks unpaid leave for Birth, adoption, critical care Can use for child, spouse or parent Leave may be used all at once or at separate times –
must be within 12 months of qualifying event Employer continues health care coverage Right to return to same job or comparable position
In 2008, expansion of FMLA to include up to 12 weeks when family member is on active duty or up to 26 weeks for line of duty injury/illness
Uniformed Services Employment & Reemployment Rights Act
Military personnel given right to take leaves of absences from civilian jobs Right to return to prior jobs with seniority
intactHealth benefits must be started without a
waiting periodDoesn’t apply if dishonorably discharged
Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)Trustees must monitor pension plansVested 100% in 3-6 years
Example of a vesting plan
Years of % Vested in Service Pension Plan
2 50%
4 75%
5 100% Provides for PBGC PBGC (Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation) is a federal agency which guarantees benefits to employees
Stringent recordkeeping required
State Laws Workers’ Compensation
Most states require employers to pay employees’ premiums Can self insure if state approved Different premiums based upon job class
State Disability Benefit LawsFive states plus Puerto Rico have
established laws requiring employers to provide disability benefits
This applies even if the disability did not arise due to employment!
Human Resource System FLSA requires stringent personnel record-
keeping Application for Employment
No law prohibiting questions about religion, gender, race, age or national origin - but must tie into ability to perform job (for example, bilingual capabilities)
If application asks age/birth date, should contain ADEA language notifying candidate of anti-discriminatory provisions
Human Resource System (continued) Reference Inquiry
Due to amount of litigation in this area, respondents should only verify facts and not offer subjective information
Really diminishes credibility of reference inquiries Prospective employer may require applicant to sign
Employment Reference Release Must notify employee if seeking investigative
consumer report Hiring notice alerts payroll department to
new employee Employee history record contains
performance evaluations, compensation adjustments, disciplinary issues, etc.
Critical area – employment related litigation is very expensive and often times avoidable
Payroll Accounting System
Payroll Department documentation Change in payroll rate form notifies proper
departments of rate change Payroll Register compiles data per paycheck EE Earnings Record outlines earnings per period,
quarter-to-date and year-to-date for each employee Paycheck
Paycheck or direct deposit
Outsourcing Payroll Many small- to mid-sized businesses hire a payroll
company to do their processing An independent company responsible for
compliance