participatory assessment of water and sanitation facilities in schools
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Participatory Assessment of Water and Sanitation Facilities in Schools. A study by CEE AP with support from UNICEF and SSHE. Introduction. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Participatory Assessment of Water and Sanitation Facilities in
Schools
A study by CEE AP with support from UNICEF and SSHE
The CEE AP office has undertook a study of the water and sanitation facilities “Participatory Assessment of Water and Sanitation Facilities in Schools” in 33 schools of Ananthapur, Medak and Vishakapatnam. School Water Sanitation and Hygiene Education (SSHE) cell of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) and UNICEF
IntroductionIntroduction
The objectives of the study
To undertake a participatory assessment of water and sanitation facilities in schools involving students, teachers, parents.
To identify and present a set of recommendations for improving the design (hard ware and soft ware) of school water and sanitation facilities based on the participatory assessment.
Innovative methodology
Interaction with teachers
Interaction with students at the facility
Interaction with parents
Children designing there toilets
Interaction with students with flash cards
Visit to home
Hardware component
All the schools had toilet facilitiesIn 40% of the schools the urinal
facilities were not being used by the students
In 75% of the schools the WCs were not being used by the students
Reasons given by students for not using toilet
ReasonsNumber of schools where
this reason was given
No water available at toilet 12
Toilets are thought to be for exclusive use by teachers 7
Habituated to open defecation and urination 4
No or damaged door for girls urinal 3
Access to toilet not comfortable - distance, growth of bushes 2
Unclean toilets 1
No soak-pit for urinal 1
Small children find screen height inconvenient 1
No provision of door No provision of footrests in girls urinals
No provision of water storage facility near
urinals
No roof Height of urinals and the screen wall
Facility to drain water and unclean surroundings
Access and Location
No protection from misuse Tap height
Maintenance of urinals in schools
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Dai
ly
Wee
kly
Mon
thly
Stu
dent
s
Sch
ool
arra
nged
clea
ner
Pan
chay
atar
rang
edcl
eane
r
Frequency of cleaning Maintenance by
Nomaintenance
Regular maintenance of urinal
Num
ber
of s
choo
ls
Existing and recommended students : urinal ratio
Primary Schools
Upper Primary Schools
High Schools
Average student strength of school 77 182 388
Average student strength per class 15 25 40
Duration of recess period 15 15 15
Existing students : urinal ratio 14:1 30:1 25:1
Proposed students : urinal ratio 10:1 10:1 10:1
Criteria identified by teachers as important for school toilets
Criteria for toilet facility Number of teachers' scorecards reporting this criteria
Infrastructure aspects
Water facility (including provision of taps and storage tank)
32
Ventilation 8
Slope, footrests and screen 6
Appropriate students : toilets ratio 6
Separate toilets for boys and girls 5
Roof over urinal 5
Provision of doors 4
Good quality sanitary ware and construction 3
Wall paintings with instructions on use 2
Facilities for physically handicapped students 1
Management aspects
Cleanliness 9
Provision of cleaning material 8
Use of toilets 8
Provision of buckets, mug 7
Availability and usage of soap 5
Status of water facilities in schools
Status of water facility in schools
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
PW
Sco
nnec
tion
not p
rese
nt
PW
Sco
nnec
tion
pres
ent
PW
Sfu
nctio
ning
Han
dpum
pno
t pre
sent
Han
dpum
ppr
esen
t
Han
dpum
pfu
nctio
ning
PWS connection Handpump
Num
ber
of s
choo
ls
Status of storage tank facility in schools
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Storage tank notpresent
Storage tankpresent
Storage tankbeing cleaned
regularly
Num
ber
of s
choo
ls
Status of taps facility in schools
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
PWS connectionto school
Provision oftaps
Functioning oftaps
Num
ber
of s
choo
ls
Hand pump and drainage
Accidents during operation of the pumps
Minor repairs
Un cleaned water tank Leaking tank
Leaking pipes No stopper
Software component
First-generation toilet users need active encouragement
Orientation to masons and quality control during construction
Involve students in maintenance Guidelines to head masters for maintenance Orientation to head masters and teachers Monitoring of school sanitation and water facility Awareness building wall paintings
The outcomes with respect to the process
Assessment of the state of the water and sanitation infrastructure in each school
Assessment of the state of water, sanitation and hygiene behaviour of students and teachers
Action plan at school level indicating actions that are needed at various levels and specifying the support required
Articulation of commitment for initiating and sustaining action by the significant stakeholders
Children response
Thank you
Let there dreams come true!