part a – consultations€¦ · web view2. oet listening lesson: review. during this lesson. we....

OET LISTENING LESSON: REVIEWDURING THIS LESSON WE

● Understood what is required in the listening exam

● Developed an understanding of the importance of reading and prediction in the listening exam

● Gained confidence in identifying the overall message of a conversation

● Undertook different types of questions in preparation for the listening test

REVIEWThis lesson taught you how to improve your understanding of the OET listening tasks and practiced strategies to maximise your concentration and avoid distractions which can quickly improve your comprehension and ability to listen to a range of audio recordings.

In addition to this, we attempted the OET listening Part A, Part B and Part C tasks to ensure that you are familiar and comfortable with what this section of the exam involves.

This workbook will further test the skills and techniques we have practised during the lesson, in addition to introducing you to some new forms of questions. The best way to pass the OET listening exam is practice.

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ACTIVITY 1The listening test

As we discussed during your lesson, the OET listening test consists of three parts. Altogether, the three sections will contain around 40 minutes of recorded speech, in addition to pauses to allow you time to write your answers. You will hear each recording once and are expected to write your answers while listening. It is therefore vitally important that you practice listening, reading and writing at the same time when you are undertaking revision for this section of the exam.

Here is what is required of you in Part A, Part B and Part C:

Part A – consultations1. There will be two recordings to listen to.

2. Follow facts during a professional-patient consultation.

3. Complete the health professional’s notes by filling in the gaps.

4. Ensure your notes are concise and relevant.

5. Utilise existing information, headings and sub-headings to anticipate answers and structure your responses.

Part B – workplace extracts

1. There will be six short recordings to listen to.

2. Listen to a variety of monologues and dialogues from the contemporary workplace.

3. Expect to hear team briefings, patient handovers, a professional advising a patient, etc.

4. Interpret the main idea, opinion or purpose of a monologue or conversation.

5. Answer one multiple choice question per recording.

Part C – presentation


1. There will be two recordings to listen to.

2. Comprehend two short talks or lectures on a health-related topic that might realistically occur in the workplace.

3. Extracting purpose and ‘gist’ of a talk.

4. Demonstrate awareness of complex scientific and medical terminology, including synonyms.

5. Answer six multiple choice questions for each short talk/lecture.

Total time: 40-50 minutes

Quiz (True/False)

Now decide whether the following statements are true or false:

1. The OET exam board use computerised or robotic voices for the listening test:

True/False

2. You should wait until the recording has finished to write your answers: True/False

3. In Part B of the exam, you might hear a team leader describing a new initiative in

a workplace: True/False

4. You must ensure that you spell the names of all health conditions and medicines

correctly: True/False

5. When completing the notes for Part A, you must write in full sentences:

True/False

6. The professional you hear in Part A will always be a GP or a Community Nurse:

True/False

7. In Part C, you might hear a university professor discussing advances in cancer

treatment: True/False

8. You are likely to come across synonyms in the multiple choice questions for Part

C: True/False


9. The recordings in Part B will last around 4 minutes each: True/False

10. Part C will require you to complete twelve multiple choice questions altogether:

True/False

Note: Answers are at the end of the booklet.

ACTIVITY 2Retrieving factual information

This activity tests your ability to listen carefully and extract specific details from a recorded audio passage. As such, this activity represents a very useful start to further developing your abilities to excel in the listening test; being able to accurately retrieve factual information is one of the most basic skills you need to master in this section of the exam.

There are several techniques that you can use to maximise your concentration and avoid distractions when undertaking tasks such as this. We have collated a couple of top tips below, which you may wish to try while you complete this activity:

● Timing: think about what time of day you tend to find it easier to concentrate; are

you an early bird or a night owl? Set aside a period of time when you are at the your most productive to get to grips with this task.

● Tidy-up: before you start, clear your desk or table of any excess paper, half-empty

water glasses, used tissues, etc. or of anything that you might fiddle with.

● Keep quiet: Turn your phone onto silent and leave it on the other side of the room.

● Disconnect: turn off any alerts, e.g. emails or Facebook messenger, which might pop

up on your laptop screen while you are completing the task.


● Make your intentions known: tell your family that you need to be left alone for a set

period of time to concentrate on your studies. If you have children, it can be good to set an egg timer or alarm on your phone so that they know when they can expect you to emerge from your revision!

● Take breaks: If you have set aside a period of, for example, three hours for revision,

you will need to take short breaks during this time. After around 30 minutes, get out of your chair; take a drink of water and stretch. Repeat this whenever you feel your concentration waning.

● Reward yourself: plan something to look forward to afterwards. Having a little treat

ahead of you, e.g. a bar of chocolate, or a walk in the sunshine can make it a lot easier to concentrate when you are undertaking your studies.

This activity is based on a TED Talk by Bill Davenhall about the impact that geography can have on our health. Bill Davenhall is a public health expert who wants to improve doctors’ diagnostic skills by collecting information about each patient’s geographic and environmental data and merging it with their medical records.

Click on the link below to access the talk in your browser:

https://www.ted.com/talks/bill_davenhall_your_health_depends_on_where_you_live

Following this link will open a video of Bill Davenhall’s TED talk. While it can be useful to watch the video to determine body language and other gestures which enhance communication, we would recommend minimising the browser with the video in and just listening to the audio. This will ultimately result in more effective revision as it more accurately reflects the conditions of the OET listening exam.

Listen to ‘Your Health Depends on Where You Live’ and answer the following questions, writing your answers in the spaces provided below:

1. What does Bill Davenhall consider to be the three factors for life and good health?

2. What three gases does Bill Davenhall say he breathed in when he lived in Scranton, Pennsylvania?


3. What question does Bill Davenhall believe that doctors should ask their patients during consultations?

4. What sporting activity does Bill Davenhall’s friend, Paul, like to participate in?

5. How many programmes in the world are focusing on developing ‘geomedicine’ as an important element of public health provision?

6. What is Bill Davenhall’s final message to his audience, which summarises his talk?


ACTIVITY 3Filling in the gaps

This activity will further develop your ability to retrieve factual information. As discussed above, this will be a crucial skill in Part A of the listening exam, where you have to fill in the gaps in the health professional’s notes.

Here, you will listen to an example of a consultation between a patient and a doctor. As before, click on the link below to access this video.

While it can be useful to watch the video to determine body language and other gestures which enhance communication, we would recommend minimising the browser with the video in and just listening to the audio. This will ultimately result in more effective revision as it more accurately reflects the conditions of the OET listening exam.

The consultation ends around 9.30 minutes into the video; you do not need to listen any further.


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S4wWClQhZaA&t=453s

As you are listening to the audio, complete the gaps in the doctor’s notes below:


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S4wWClQhZaA&t=453s

Patient name: Pat Bellamy

Reason for visit and symptoms:

Severe headache

Started: …(1)…

Hasn’t been able to go to work

No medications have helped

…(2)… with movement

Light …(3)…

Constant

Severity of pain: …(4)…

Pain all over head and …(5)… down neck

Neck is stiff

Afraid of …(6)… due to neighbour’s experience

Medical history:

Diagnosed with …(7)…, three years ago

High blood pressure controlled with …(8)…, no medication

No surgeries or hospitalisation

Allergic to …(9)…

In menopause

Family history:

Mom used to get migraines ...(10)…

Sister is healthy

…(11)… has high blood pressure

No kids

Social history:

Smokes …(12)… a day


Alcohol: …(13)…

Married

Further details of condition:

Feels …(14)… with movement

Went to North Carolina a week ago for …(15)…

…(16)… was sick, went to emergency room

ACTIVITY 3Making notes

You will have already come across the importance of note-taking within the OET exam; in the writing section, for example, deciphering case notes is a key component of the test. In the listening test, taking effective notes on the patient-professional consultation constitutes the entirety of the Part A. It is therefore important that you truly understand best practice in note-taking. Our top tips on mastering this technique will be useful for you to comprehend and utilise during both practice and the real test:

1. Don’t copy what you hear word for word.2. Don’t write in complete sentences.3. Aim for a clear, concise, condensed and detailed presentation of information.4. If the patient uses descriptive expressions to describe his or her condition, you

should paraphrase this. For example, if they say, ‘I have been feeling extremely under the weather for around two weeks; during this time, I have been off my food’, you could summarise this as, ‘unwell for 2 weeks, no appetite.’

5. Be careful to put your information under the relevant heading. If you write in the wrong section, don’t waste time rubbing it out or re-copying; just use arrows to indicate where you want the examiner to look.

6. Handwriting is important. It is important to practice your handwriting under timed conditions to ensure that you can write clearly under pressure.


A good example of an answer to a question in OET listening can be seen in the image below:

This is the sort of clear and concise note-taking that you should be aiming for to achieve grade B or higher in the OET listening test.

This activity is based on a TED Talk by Scott Williams about the role that informal caregivers play in the global healthcare system. Scott Williams is a patient advocate who believes that the health of millions of people across the world would be severely compromised without the support of informal caregivers, e.g. spouses, family and friends.


https://www.ted.com/talks/scott_williams_the_hidden_role_informal_caregivers_play_in_health_care

Following this link will open a video of Scott Williams’ TED talk. While it can be useful to watch the video to determine body language and other gestures which enhance communication, we would recommend minimising the browser with the video in and just listening to the audio.

Listen to ‘The Hidden Role Informal Caregivers Play in Health Care’ and answer the following questions, writing your notes in the spaces provided below:

Questions:

1. Make notes about the personal qualities that Scott Williams identifies his father, who was his carer when he was a teenager, possessed.

2. Make notes about significant social and economic factors that Scott Williams identifies as meaning that the role of carers is more important than ever.


3. Make notes about the tasks that Scott Williams identifies carers often undertake for people with illnesses.

4. Make notes about the personal challenges that a lot of carers face.

5. Make notes about how Scott Williams argues everyone can support carers.


ACTIVITY 4Completing summary paragraphs

This activity tests your ability to gain an understanding of the overall purpose and ‘gist’ of an audio passage, in addition to retrieving specific information, a skill you also practiced in the activities above. The ability to comprehend context and grammar is key in this sort of question; you need to be able to utilise your reading skills effectively to consider the type of word which should fill the gap. We know that this sounds very complex, but you already have these skills, it is just a matter of utilising them! To boost your confidence with this we have put together a step-to-step guide below which you can use when undertaking revision for this type of question:

1. Look at the sentences a paragraph at a time and try to understand the general meaning. Use the sentences to predict what you are going to hear.

2. Remember that the sentences are just paraphrases of what you will hear on the audio. As a result, you will therefore need to think about how the exam board might have changed the word order within sentences, or synonyms they might utilise. For example, the sentence might say ‘The health of the population of Malawi has .................. in the last decade,’ but in the listening you might hear ‘In the last decade the health of Malawi’s population has significantly improved.’


3. Look at the gaps and try to predict what the answer will be. Consider whether the missing word will be a verb, a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. You can also predict the content of the missing word based on the other words around it.

4. Be very careful not to go over the word limit. The instructions will normally say that you should fill the gaps with 1 – 3 words, but read the instructions carefully to make sure.

5. Listen to the audio and fill in the gaps! You can do it and pick up lots of marks here!

This activity is based on a TED Talk by Myriam Sidibe about the impact that hand-washing with soap can have on improving rates of infant and child mortality worldwide. Myriam Sidibe is a public health expert who works with governments, organisations and communities globally to promote effective hand-washing.


https://www.ted.com/talks/myriam_sidibe_the_simple_power_of_hand_washing#t-95492

Following this link will open a video of Myriam Sidibe’s TED talk. While it can be useful to watch the video to determine body language and other gestures which enhance communication, we would recommend minimising the browser with the video in and just listening to the audio. This will ultimately result in more effective revision as it more accurately reflects the conditions of the OET listening exam.

Listen to ‘The Simple Power of Hand-washing’ and complete the summary paragraphs below, filling the gaps with your answers. Ensure that all your answers make grammatical sense within the context of the sentence:

Mryiam Sidibe begins her TED talk by informing us that (1)……………….. children die before their (2)……………… birthday. These deaths are preventable, and caused by two common illnesses: (3)…………….. and (4)…………… .

One easy solution to preventing the spread of these diseases is (5)………………. . This can reduce diarrhea by half and (6)……………… by one third. Ultimately, hand-washing can save the lives of over 600, 000 children a year. For global public health, hand-washing with soap is (7)…………….. .

Later, Sidibe tells us that soap is available across the globe, including in countries such as (8)…………….., which have a very high child mortality rate. However, in many of these countries soap is an expensive and valuable commodity, which means that people don’t use it to (9)……………….. . This means that children pick up a lot of diseases in their own homes.

(10)……………….. can change people’s habits and social norms. Sidibie talks about the power of marketing to make us think differently, and the corporate responsibility of brands like Unilever to promote hand-washing with soap. These businesses, which are ultimately driven


by (11)………….., can actually make more of a difference than charities of government, Sidibie argues.

The world’s largest hand-washing programme has now engaged (12)………….. in 16 countries. The results of this programme are impressive; (13)………….. has reduced in all the places where soap use has increased. By 2020 Sidibie and her colleagues hope to reach one billion people to encourage them to hand-wash with soap. It is particularly important that Sidibie engages (14)…………… so that infant mortality can be tackled.



ACTIVITY 5Multiple choice questions

Students often feel that multiple choice questions are the easiest to complete and, as such, that this type of questions represent ‘easy marks’. However, multiple choice questions can be deceptively tricky, and it is important that you do not get caught out by them. Here are a selection of common mistakes that even the best students make when it comes to tackling this type of question:

1. It is not uncommon, when you are given three or four different answers, to hear the speaker mention all three options throughout the recording, or even just in a short space of time. However, just because you hear an answer mentioned, doesn’t make it correct. You must select the correct answer, not the first one you hear!

2. The answers will normally come in the form of synonyms or paraphrases. Don’t just listen for exact matches; think about how the answer could be expressed using synonyms or paraphrasing.

3. The three or four choices often look similar in meaning and it may be difficult for you to tell the difference between then at first glance. We would therefore recommend looking for keywords in the different options which will allow you to tell the difference between the available options.

4. As in other areas of the listening test, answering key word questions is not just a test of your listening skills but also your reading skills. There is much more to read in multiple choice questions than in other types of questions, so practice underlining the keywords in the questions and quickly understanding the difference between the different options.

5. In OET, one of the option out of the three/four is always correct. However, there will never be two correct answers to a question. Never mark two answers on your answer sheet for one question; you would not receive any marks at all for this question.

6. Don’t panic! If you are not 100% sure about an answer, it is always best to take an educated guess. Or you can mark the answer you think most likely and come back right at the end. Remember, in OET there are no marks deducted for incorrect answers. It is important to be brave and trust your listening skills. Do not leave any answers blank!

This activity is based on a TED Talk by Jack Andraka about the test he invented as a teenager which dramatically increases early detection rates of pancreatic cancer in a way that is cheap, effective and non-invasive.



https://www.ted.com/talks/jack_andraka_a_promising_test_for_pancreatic_cancer_from_a_teenager#t-193863

Following this link will open a video of Jack Andraka’s TED talk. While it can be useful to watch the video to determine body language and other gestures which enhance communication, we would recommend minimising the browser with the video in and just listening to the audio. This will ultimately result in more effective revision as it more accurately reflects the conditions of the OET listening exam.

Listen to ‘A Promising Test for Pancreatic Cancer... From a Teenager’ and complete the multiple-choice questions below, highlighting one answer for each question.

Questions

1. What form of cancer did Jack Andraka’s uncle die as a result of?a. Liver cancerb. Melanomac. Pancreatic cancerd. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

2. How many different types of protein are found in your blood when you have pancreatic cancer?

a. 8000b. 4c. 4000d. 260

3. What was the article about that Jack Andraka was reading under his desk in biology class?

a. Carbon dioxideb. Carbon nanotubesc. Nanotechnology as a cure for cancerd. Fetilisation

4. What happened the first time Jack Andraka went to the professor’s lab?a. They thought he was a geniusb. He ate chocolate chip cookiesc. They tried to disprove his theory to test himd. They made him give up on his idea

5. How does Jack Andraka describe his procedure when he started testing it?a. Perfectb. Once brilliantc. A failured. Green


6. Jack Andraka invented a small paper sensor. How much does it cost and how long does it take to run each time?

a. 5 minutes and $100b. 30 minutes and 4 centsc. £44 and 15 secondsd. 3 cents and 5 minutes

7. Jack Andraka believes that the Interneta. Creates new opportunitiesb. Is a destructive forcec. Creates discrimination d. Can be used to cure cancer

8. What did Jack Andraka not know before he started his investigations?a. How to cure cancerb. How to use the internetc. What a pancreas isd. The potential value of carbon nanotubes



ANSWERS

Activity 1

1. False - Part A and Part B of the Listening sub-test both sample from a range of Listening skills and are therefore weighted equally. Even if there are more marks available in one Part than in the other, your score on each Part will count for exactly 50% of your total score for Listening.

2. False - OET uses authentic materials for the Listening sub-test. This includes the use of real health professionals and patients for both the consultation and lecture audio recordings. This is because an important component of listening ability is being able to understand natural speech.

3. True - Yes, you will have 2 minutes at the end of the sub-test to check your answers for Part A and Part B. There are also shorter periods of time after each question during the test, and you may find these periods useful for checking the question you have just done. There is only one chance to listen to each part of the test, so be sure to write your answers in the answer booklet as you listen.

4. False - In the Listening test, you will not be penalised for misspelling, provided the meaning is clear. Any reasonable attempt at spelling the correct answer has a good chance of being accepted.

5. False - You should be writing in note form for Part A. This will require using no more than 1 - 3 words to answer each question.

Activity 2

1. Genetics, lifestyle and environment.2. Sulfur dioxide, carbon dixoide and methane gas. 3. “Where have you lived?”4. Skiing. 5. ‘About half a dozen’ or approximately 6. 6. ‘Geography always matters’.

ACTIVITY 31. 3 days ago

2. Worse

3. bothers patient

4. 10

5. shooting pain

6. brain tumour

7. high blood pressure

8. diet


9. nothing

10. in 20s and 30s

11. Dad

12. half a pack of cigarettes

13. Nil/none

14. nauseaous

15. a family reunion

16. Four year old

Activity 3

1. Stubborn, determined, committed, never giving up, searching for a cure, dedicated.2. Aging populations, economic instability, collapsing healthcare systems, chronic long-

term health needs.3. Personal care, getting people dressed, feeding, toileting and mobility; medical care;

advocacy; emotional support, managing household, making appointments, managing finances.

4. Financial issues, being unable to work, lack of support at work, sacrifice health and wellbeing, other relationships can deteriorate.

5. Thank them, offer help, spend time caring for ill person.

Activity 4

(1) 6.6 million

(2) fifth

(3) diarrhea

(4) pneumonia .

(5) handwashing with soap

(6) respiratory illnesses

(7) a useful intervention

(8) India, Kenya and Ethiopia

(9) wash their hands

(10) Big businesses and brands

(11) profit


(12) 183 million people

(13) child mortality

(14) birth attendants

Activity 5

1. C - pancreatic cancer2. A - 80003. B - carbon nanotubes4. C- they tried to disprove his theory to test him5. B - once brilliant6. D - 3 cents and 5 minutes7. A - creates new opportunities 8. C - what a pancreas is


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