Part A – Background Information

Slides 3 -19

Part B – Safety Information

Slides 21 - 37

Part C – Discussion Pictures

Slides 39 - 43

The video “A Trip Unplanned” was produced and evaluated with support from the Arkansas Emergency Medical Services for Children State Partnership. Robert Williams, MD was the principal investigator. Co-investigators for the project were Mary E. Aitken, MD MPH and James Graham, MD.

Supplemental teaching materials accompanying the video were produced and evaluated with support from the Emergency Medical Services for Children Targeted Issues award number 1 H34MC08514-01-00. Mary E. Aitken, MD MPH was the principal investigator. Co-investigators for the project were James Graham, MD; James Helmkamp, PhD; and Maria Brann, PhD.

1967 1970 1982 1984 1989

1983 1987 1988 1998 2008

ATVs are increasingly popular The number of ATVs in use in the U.S. has

nearly tripled from about 3.6 million in 1999 to 10.2 million in 2008

1.1 million new ATVs were sold in the U.S. in 2007

ATVs are becoming larger, heavier, and faster

U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2010

4-Wheeler / Quad Utility / UTV

Gasoline poweredKnobby, low

pressure tiresHigh center of

gravityEngine displacement

50 to over 900 ccSpeeds > 80 MPH on

some modelsMade for a single

rider only – the driver

Gasoline or diesel powered (400 to 800 cc engines)

Knobby, low pressure tires High center of gravity Speeds > 30 MPH on some

models Seats for the driver and a

specified number of passengers

Small “truck bed” behind the rider section for transporting equipment or supplies – not to carry additional passengers

UTV Golf Cart

UTV Tires – Large diameter, low

pressure, and knobby for use in off-road conditions

High ground clearance for going over obstacles in off-road terrain

Very heavy machine with a large gas or diesel engine built for speed and torque – many can go over 30 mph

Small truck bed and hitch for hauling materials

Golf Cart

Tires – Small diameter, hard and high pressure, with light tread for use on golf course terrain

Low ground clearance for smooth golf course terrain

Much lighter than a UTV – most have a battery powered electric motor for a slow pace on a golf course around 10 mph

Small rack for hauling golf clubs

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children under the age of 16 not be allowed to ride ATVs. If a parent decides to purchase an ATV for a child’s use, the following guidelines became the industry standard in 2009.

Age Classification Maximum limited speed capacity with a speed governor

(mph)

Maximum unrestricted speed capacity without a

speed governor (mph)

Y-6+: Children 6 years old and older

10 15

Y-10+: Children 10 years old and older

15 30

Y-12+: Children 12 years old and older

15 30

Transitional: Children 14 years old and older

20 and 30 38

American National Standard for Four Wheel All-Terrain Vehicles, 2007

ATV exposure is common among U.S. children, particularly in rural areas

Use patterns are not consistent with manufacturer and public health recommendations

Children under age 16 account for: a. ~ 22% of ATV-involved deaths b. ~ 30% of ATV-involved

patients treated in emergency departments

Consumer Product Safety Commission, 2008

Bicycle

120 million riders (2005) 4,924 deaths in all age

groups during the six-year period

Deaths of children decreased by 22%

ATV

24 million riders (2005) 5,204 deaths in all age

groups during the six-year period

Deaths of children increased by 15%

Helmkamp et al. Public Health Report, 2009

Year All Ages < Age 16 % < Age 16

2000 92,200 32,000 35%2001 110,100 34,300 31%2002 113,900 37,100 33%2003 125,500 38,600 31%2004 136,100 44,700 33%2005 137,700 40,400 29%2006 146,600 39,300 27%2007 150,900 40,000 27%

8 Year Total 1,013,000 306,400

Average 126,625 38,300 30%

Consumer Product Safety Commission, 2007

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Num

ber o

f Dis

char

ges

15 to 17

10 to 14

5 to 9

0 to 4

Data from the HCUP Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) and the Kids Inpatient Database (KID), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). 1997-2005. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD.

ATV crashes occur all year, but nearly half occur from May through August

Where position on the ATV is known, 67% of those injured were driving the ATV and 33% were riding as a passenger

Primary sites of injury:a. Head = 42%b. Lower Extremities = 25%c. Abdominal/Thoracic = 11%

AR Children’s Hospital Pediatric Trauma Service, 1998-2009

Deaths occur in:Collisions (56% of deaths) – More than half with a fixed objectRollovers (35% of deaths) – Backward more common than

forward60% occur on roadwaysOnly 1% occur on ATV trails

Consumer Product Safety Commission, 1999

Year Fataliti

esFataliti

es% of

Fatalities

All Ages< Age

16 < Age 16

2000 450 124 28%2001 517 132 26%2002 548 133 24%2003 653 153 23%2004 753 180 24%2005 804 163 20%2006 832 143 17%2007 699 124 18%

8 yr. total 5256 1152

Ave. Per Yr. 657 144 22%

Consumer Product Safety Commission,

2007

2006 2007

2008 2009

Concerned Families for ATV Safety, 2010

DVDPostersBrochuresCD with power point and printable

versions of the postersFacilitator Guide

T – Training Take an ATV Safety

Rider Course Suggested Contacts: a. ATV Safety Institute

– www.atvsafety.org b. 4-H Community

ATV Safety Program – www.atv-youth.org

R – Ride Off-Road Always drive ATVs on

unpaved trails Low pressure tires on

ATVs are not made to be driven on hard surfaces

Driving on paved roads can cause a driver to lose control in tight turns

Do not ride an ATV where cars and other vehicles ride – they can’t see you and you can’t hear them

I – Impairment

No drugs or alcoholDriving an ATV requires your full attention and concentration

P – Plan Ahead

Scout the area for hazards before you

ride Let someone know

where you are riding and when you will return

Take along a cell phone, first aid kit, and water for emergencies

S – Single Rider

Most ATVs are for a single rider only, the driver – unless specified for two

ATVs are rider active, meaning the driver has to shift his/her position to help steer the ATV

Carrying a passenger on a ATV changes the machine’s balance and limits the driver’s control

S – Safety Gear

Helmet Goggles Long sleeves Gloves Long pants Boots

Certification to look for when buying a helmet –

DOT – Department of Transportation

or

ANSI – American National Standards Institute

or

SNELL – Snell Memorial Foundation

Always buckle the chin strap when riding

Keep helmet, chin strap, and eye protection equipment clean

Buy a helmet that fits Wear a helmet every

trip

Goggles or Face Shield

Protects the eyes from:

Dirt Limbs Briars Weather-related

conditions

Helps protect the body from injuries due to contact with tree limbs, briars, and other trail hazards

Helps protect the body from contact with tree limbs, briars, and other trail hazards

Gloves help keep hands on the ATV’s hand grip for steering purposes

If boots are not available, wear closed-toed shoes – sandals offer no protection

Boots/shoes need to have a heel to help keep feet on foot pegs

Make sure the gun is unloaded for transport

Never transport the gun by carrying it in a hand, across your lap, or over your shoulder

Transport Method A: In a case securely fastened to the rear utility rack

Transport Method B: In an ATV-mounted gun case

Injury Prevention CenterArkansas Children’s Hospital1 Children’s Way – Slot 512-26Little Rock, AR 72202Attention – ATV Safety Education

Web: www.archildrens.org/injurypreventionLocal: 501-364-3400 Toll Free: 866-611-3445