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Mechanics of Materials

(CASE STUDY)

Investigation & Analysis for the

Collapse of the Kansas City Hyatt Regency Walkways (1981)

APPENDIX

Group Members (ME-05 B)

Ali Faizan Wattoo NUST201305057BSMME

Farhan Ellahi NUST201304475BSMME

Muhammad Umair Qazi NUST201305329BSMME

Gohar Shoukat NUST201305490BSMME

Usama Zaid Malik NUST201304802BSMME

Submitted to

Dr. Irfan-Ul-Haq

Dr. Amir Mubashir

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8-APPENDIX

8.1 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS USING SOLIDWORKS

In order to validate our theoretical results we simulated the fabricated design on SOLIDWORKS

using Finite Element Analysis in order to get von mises stresses and factor of safety plot. The

fabricated design was constructed and necessary conditions were applied with following

assumptions

8.1.1 Walkway Model

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8.1.2 Study Properties

Study name Static 1

Analysis type Static

Mesh type Solid Mesh

Thermal Effect: On

Thermal option Include temperature loads

Zero strain temperature 298 Kelvin

Include fluid pressure effects from SolidWorks Flow Simulation

Off

Solver type Direct sparse solver

Inplane Effect: Off

Soft Spring: Off

Inertial Relief: Off

Incompatible bonding options Automatic

Large displacement Off

Compute free body forces Off

Friction Off

Use Adaptive Method: Off

Result folder SolidWorks document (C:\Users\Gohar\Desktop)

8.1.3 Units

Unit system: SI (MKS)

Length/Displacement mm

Temperature Kelvin

Angular velocity Rad/sec

Pressure/Stress N/m^2

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8.1.4 Material Properties

Model Reference Properties Components

Name: Alloy Steel Model type: Linear Elastic

Isotropic Default failure

criterion: Max von Mises Stress

Yield strength: 6.20422e+008 N/m^2

Tensile strength: 7.23826e+008 N/m^2

Elastic modulus: 2.1e+011 N/m^2 Poisson's ratio: 0.28

Mass density: 7700 kg/m^3 Shear modulus: 7.9e+010 N/m^2

Thermal expansion coefficient:

1.3e-005 /Kelvin

SolidBody 1 (Boss-Extrude2)(Rods-1), SolidBody 1 (Boss-Extrude2)(Rods-2)

Curve Data:N/A

Name: ASTM A36 Steel Model type: Linear Elastic

Isotropic Default failure

criterion: Max von Mises Stress

Yield strength: 2.5e+008 N/m^2 Tensile strength: 4e+008 N/m^2 Elastic modulus: 2e+011 N/m^2

Poisson's ratio: 0.26 Mass density: 7850 kg/m^3

Shear modulus: 7.93e+010 N/m^2

SolidBody 1(Boss-Extrude1) (bridge assembly-1/rectangular beam-1), SolidBody 1 (Boss-Extrude1)(bridge assembly-1/rectangular beam-2), SolidBody 1(Boss-Extrude1) (bridge assembly-2/rectangular beam-1), SolidBody 1(Boss-Extrude1) (bridge assembly-2/rectangular beam-2)

Curve Data:N/A

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8.1.5 Mesh Information

Mesh type Solid Mesh

Mesher Used: Curvature based mesh

Jacobian points 4 Points

Maximum element size 0 mm

Minimum element size 0 mm

Mesh Quality High

Remesh failed parts with incompatible mesh Off

Mesh Information - Details

Total Nodes 19657

Total Elements 8971

Maximum Aspect Ratio 49.337

% of elements with Aspect Ratio < 3 8.82

% of elements with Aspect Ratio > 10 37.6

% of distorted elements(Jacobian) 0

Time to complete mesh(hh;mm;ss): 00:00:10

Computer name: GOHAR_SHOUKAT

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Name Type Min Max

Stress1 VON: von Mises Stress 1.30328 N/mm^2 (MPa) Node: 5044

1157.26 N/mm^2 (MPa) Node: 15516

Figure 1 Isometric View of Beam showing the von Mises Stresses

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Name Type Min Max

Displacement1 URES: Resultant Displacement 0 mm Node: 1

5.41336 mm Node: 19277

Main Assembly-Static 1-Displacement-Displacement1

Name Type Min Max

Strain1 ESTRN: Equivalent Strain 3.23153e-006 Element: 2855

0.002067 Element: 8770

Main Assembly-Static 1-Strain-Strain1

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Name Type Min Max

Factor of Safety1 Automatic 0.216027 Node: 15516

313.295 Node: 132

Main Assembly-Static 1-Factor of Safety-Factor of Safety1

FIGURE 4

FIGURE 5 Region of Maximum Stress

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Isometric Sectional View of the Region of

Failure

Stresses in the Bottom Floor of the Structure

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Equivalent Strain Diagram showing the deformation caused by the loading

condition created in the bolt connectors

Zoomed in view of Figure 3 showing the removal of nut from the bolt

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Front View of the undeformed beam showing the applicable stresses

Isometric View of the Box Beam depicting the possible deformation

leading to failure

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FIGURE 13 Stresses in Hanger Rods

FIGURE 12 STRESS DIAGRAM SHOWING FAILURE IN THE STRUCTURE

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THE END