Direction des Espaces Verts et de l’Environnement

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European Symposium on Air Quality, Noise and Health effects on urban agglomerations

Barcelona, 6/05/2015

Olivier Chrétien – Agence d’Ecologie Urbaine Division Impacts Santé - Environnement

olivier.chretien@paris.fr

Paris Action Plan

for Air Quality

Agence d’Ecologie Urbaine

Division Impacts Santé - Environnement

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D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

What is the « City of Paris » ?

150km

Région Ile de France Population 12 millions

Urban area Population 11 millions

City of Paris Population 2.3 millions

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

What is the « City of Paris » ?

10km

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

40% of Parisians are exposed to PM10 level exceeding european rules (35 days exceeding 50 µg/m3) The background pollution for PM2.5 exceeds the quality objectives of WHO. (10 µg/m3) 6 month lost of life expectancy according to APHEKOM study

Paris - Air Quality Plan

State of the air pollution in Paris 2013 annual review by Airparif

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

90% of Parisians are exposed to NO2 levels exceeding european rules (annual average of 40 µg/m3)

State of the pollution in Paris 2013 annual review by Airparif

Paris – Air Quality Plan

Evolution of the NO2 background pollution

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

Who is in charge of air quality ?

The City takes his part since 2001 :

–« rebalancing » the public space

–Offering alternatives to individual car

National administration

industry, heating, information and emergency measures

Région public transport urban development

Mayors traffic and parking police urban planning

Paris – Air Quality Plan

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

Paris – Air Quality Plan

Rebalancing public space :

10

Place de la République.

place de la République Left bank of the Seine

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

Paris – Air Quality Plan

Rebalancing public space :

New tramway network

Cycling network

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

Paris – Air Quality Plan

Offering new solution to travel in the city

VELIB’ : a public bikes program : 1750 stations in Paris and outskirts 24 000 bikes 70 000 to 130 000 trips per day One third of parisian cyclists

AUTOLIB’ : a public electric cars sharing program : 90 stations in 70 cities 3000 cars 14 000 locations per day

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

The 2015 – 2020 action plan for air quality was announced by the Mayor of Paris, Anne Hidalgo, in march 2015 : 1. An assessment of the action led since 2015

2. Going further in the reconfiguration of the public space

3. Helping Parisians choosing clean mobility

4. Creating a low emission zone

Paris – Air Quality Plan

Crédit photo: LUXIGON

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

1. An assessment of the actions taken since 2001

Paris – Air Quality Plan

15% decrease of traffic (whole of the road network)

with the improvement of the automobile fleet :

• 30% decrease of NOx emissions

• 35% decrease of PM10 emissions

More diesel cars in the fleet (42 to 60% in 10 years), creating a negative impact estimated to +20 % NOx and increasing direct emissions of NO2 , due to catalytic filters

No great impact on air quality

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

- Prolonging the tramway ring

- Creating 2 « high quality bus lines » : one joining the 6 main train stations and one crossing Paris on the right bank of the Seine.

- Cycling plan, doubling the network (700 km)

- Generalising the 30 km/h speed limit (90% of the roads)

- Suppressing the express road on the right bank of the Seine

These actions also have a positive effect on noise, social living, road savety…

The 2015 – 2020 action plan for air quality : 2. Going further in the reconfiguration of public space

Paris – Air Quality Plan

Crédit photo: LUXIGON

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

Paris – Air Quality Plan

Crédit photo: LUXIGON

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

Paris – Air Quality Plan

Crédit photo: LUXIGON

Banks of the seine

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

Grants for the people affected by the ban (Euro 1 and Euro2) :

car owners : • grant of 400 € to convert to public transport + car sharing (Autolib

advantage) • grant of 400 € to convert to bicycle + car sharing (Autolib advantage)

professionnals : • grant of 3000€ (<2.5t), 6000€ (2.5t to 3.5t), 9000€ (>3.5t) to convert their

fleet to electric or gaz vehicules

Grants for condominiums installing charging stations (500€/plug) or bike shelters (500 €) Mobility advisers

3. Helping Parisians choosing clean mobility

Paris – Air Quality Plan

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

4. Creating a low emission zone

Paris – Air Quality Plan

Act in discussion at the parlament , creating « zones de circulation restreinte » (restricted traffic zones) allowing to ban vehicles on a territory for air quality reasons A national classification of vehicles and a device for to identify them according to this classification (forthcoming vignette)

The first french Low Emission Zone ? A work in progress with the national government

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

Paris – Air Quality Plan

The classification penalizes the diesel vehicles No diesel light vehicule can get a green vignette

The 2015 – 2020 action plan against air pollution : 4. Creating a low emission zone

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

Progressive ban on older vehicles, up to Euro 4 for diesel in 2019

Paris – Air Quality Plan

4. Creating a low emission zone

Calendrier de restriction de la circulation

Catégories de véhicules

Light vehicles Light commercial

vehicles Motorcycles HGV’s, Buses, Coaches

9/01/2015 : 6

gazoline and diesel <= Euro 2 registered

before 01/10/2001

7/01/2016 : 6

gazoline and diesel <= Euro 1 registered

before 01/01/1997

gazoline and diesel <= Euro 1 registered

before 01/10/1997

<50cm3 and >50cm3 <= Euro 1

registered before 01/06/2000

7/01/2017 : 5

Diesel <= Euro 2 registered before

01/01/2001

Diesel <= Euro 2 registered before

01/01/2001

<50cm3 <= Euro 2 >50cm3 <= Euro 1 registered before

01/07/2004

Diesel <= Euro 3 registered before

01/10/2006

7/01/2018 : 4

Diesel <= Euro 3 registered before

01/01/2006

Diesel <= Euro 3 registered before

01/01/2006

7/01/2019 : 3

Gazoline <= Euro 3 registered before 01/01/2006 and Diesel <= Euro 4 registered before

01/01/2011

Gazoline <= Euro 3 registered before 01/01/2006 and Diesel <= Euro 4 registered before

01/01/2011

gazoline and diesel <= Euro 4 registered

before 01/10/2009

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

Paris – Air Quality Plan

Paris intra muros

Option : Boulevard

périphérique

Option : Bois de

Boulogne Option : Bois de

Vincennes

4. Creating a low emission zone Perimeter

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

4. Creating a low emission zone Concert with stakeholders of the dense urban area in order to act on a

wider scale

Dense area :

(Population 6.7

millions)

Today :

- 10 communities of

cities

- 124 cities

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

3. Creating a low emission zone Acting on a wider scale : The Metropole of Great Paris

In 2016 : Urban planning Housing Energy Environment (air, noise, climate)

30 km

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

Paris – Air Quality Plan

4. Creating a low emission zone The interest to enlarge the area to the second ring of motorways

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Date du document :

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Thank you

D I R E C T I O N D E S E S P A C E S V E R T S E T D E L ’ E N V I R O N N E M E N T

Olivier Chrétien

4 juin 2015

Paris – Air Quality Plan