parent-child interaction therapy basic coaching guidelines introduction sheila eyberg, phd...

Parent-Child Interaction Therapy Parent-Child Interaction Therapy

Basic Coaching Guidelines

Introduction

Sheila Eyberg, PhDUniversity of Florida

Copyright 2005 Sheila Eyberg

IGNORE negative behaviorIGNORE negative behavior

STOP THE PLAY for dangerous or destructive behaviorSTOP THE PLAY for dangerous or destructive behavior

CommandsCommands

QuestionsQuestions

CriticismCriticism

Labeled Labeled PraisePraise

ReflectionReflection

Behavioral Behavioral DescriptionDescription

IncreaseIncrease

DecreaseDecrease

The Coach’s Concrete Goals in theThe Coach’s Concrete Goals in theChild-Directed Interaction Child-Directed Interaction The Coach’s Concrete Goals in theThe Coach’s Concrete Goals in theChild-Directed Interaction Child-Directed Interaction


Coach’s Concrete Goals in Coach’s Concrete Goals in Parent-Directed InteractionParent-Directed InteractionCoach’s Concrete Goals in Coach’s Concrete Goals in

Parent-Directed InteractionParent-Directed Interaction

– Indirect commandsIndirect commands– Repeated commandsRepeated commands– QuestionsQuestions– CriticismCriticism– DawdlingDawdling– Extra words in COPEExtra words in COPE

– Direct commandDirect command– Labeled praise after complyLabeled praise after comply– Timeout chair after second Timeout chair after second

noncomplynoncomply– Warning after first noncomplyWarning after first noncomply– Direction to stay in chairDirection to stay in chair– Timeout room if chair escapeTimeout room if chair escape– Return to chair after roomReturn to chair after room– Ask for readinessAsk for readiness– COPECOPE– Return to CDI Return to CDI

Direct parents through the stepsDirect parents

through the steps

Have parents correct mistakesHave parents

correct mistakes


Conceptualizing CoachingConceptualizing Coaching

Principles similar to treatment principles Coaching principles differ in CDI and PDI

CDI principles (coach lets parent lead)*Differential Social Attention

PDI principles (coach leads parent)Operant Conditioning

*Attachment theory explains what happens in CDI but doesn’t tell us what to do in coaching


Principle of Differential Social Attention Principle of Differential Social Attention

Parents perform behaviors that gain greatest support/approval from the therapist

Therefore therapist responds differentially to correct and incorrect parenting skills

Give more attention to correct parent behaviorsPraise enthusiasticallyDescribe the effect on the childExplain the reason it was good

Give less attention to incorrect parent behaviors

CDICDI


Operant Principles Social Learning Theory Operant Principles Social Learning Theory

Coaching begins with a command “Okay, give a very simple direct command”

Coach rewards parent compliance “Good direct command!”

Coach does not ignore noncompliance “Make it direct – hand me…”

Coach requires compliance to the PDI steps

PDI


Bottom Line Bottom Line

Effective coaching requires a basic understanding of behavioral principles

Behavior principles lead tothe behavior change in PCIT


The Basics of Coaching the Basics

The Basics of Coaching the Basics

Keep one eye always on the mastery goals…

Keep one eye always on the mastery goals…


Mastery Criteria (Proxies for Attachment and Consistency)

Mastery Criteria (Proxies for Attachment and Consistency)

10 Behavioral descriptions

10 Reflections 10 Labeled praises

<3QuestionsCommandsCriticisms

4 commands 75% effective

DirectSinglePositive (do)Alpha (opportunity)

75% correct follow-throughLabeled praise after complyWarning after noncomply

If timeout, correct follow-through


Coaching to Reach CDI CriteriaCoaching to Reach CDI Criteria

The basic rule (follow the child’s lead)

Good following!Describe what she’s doing. Good description!Let’s wait till she’s finished to praise it. Yes!

The following skills (the PRIDE skills)Great reflection!Good labeled praise!Nice behavioral description.Excellent describing what she’s doing.

PR

CR

DC

LP


Coaching to Reach PDI Criteria Coaching to Reach PDI Criteria

Leading (the basic rule)Help parent stay in control

“Nice command to get her back to the table.” “Just ignore everything but her obey.”

Using the exact wordsIf close, reflect their words correctlyIf not close, have them re-do it

“Make it direct, Give me…” Make it direct. Good. Whoops.


General Coaching Guidelines General Coaching Guidelines

Be brief (rarely more than 5 words at a time) Be quick (comment on behavior immediately) Be positive (focus on the half-full glass) Be enthusiastic (usually) Be supportive (when needed) PAY ATTENTION (ALWAYS) Be one step ahead...


What Exactly Do Coaches Say?What Exactly Do Coaches Say?

Good following Great behavior

description Nice answering his

question Great timing on ignoring

Good direct command Great labeled praise Nice fast follow-through Excellent ignoring Perfect timing Good matter-of-fact tone

Labeled Praises

Excellent idea to [parent independent good judgment]


Describing components of theoryHe loves your attentionHe doesn’t like to be ignoredShe doesn’t like time out

Describing changes in the parentYour praises seem very naturalYou said that with certainty

Describing changes in the childHe’s accepting your reflections todayHe’s handling frustration better this time

Observations/Descriptions


Direct commandsReflect what she just said. Tell her why it’s good.Just ignore that.Go back to CDI now.Think what you’ll say when he finishes.

Indirect commandsThank-you for what?He deserves a big hug for that.Time’s up.You can help him if you want.

Directives


Oops, a question. A little leading… Might be better to say . . . Looks like a frown. You don’t want to give him

attention for that. Be careful he understands. Was that a command!?! (humor)

Gentle Correctives (rarely)


Explaining effects of parent’s behavior Your praise makes her want to please you more.She’s talking more because of your reflections

Explaining reasons for child’s behavior changeShe hasn’t been bossy today – your ignoring workedHe’s calmer now – CDI really calms him down

Explanations that Teach the Principles


Negative behavior is attention seeking (not hateful, not evil)

He’s doing that to get your attentionHe thinks if he keeps going you’ll give inHe’s not used to not getting his way

Interpretations that Reframe Child Motivation


Coaches do say STOP!Coaches do say STOP!

If a parent is hurting a child

or hurting looks imminent

Immediately command the parent to stop – then go in and talk about it

Coaching Defines PCIT Coaching Defines PCIT

Let’s watch coaching in action!

parent-child interaction therapy basic coaching guidelines introduction sheila eyberg, phd...

Documents