Paper Reference(s)

XXXX

Edexcel GCSEScience

Chemistry topic C1b

Specimen multiple-choice paper

Foundation and Higher Tiers

Date:

Time: 20 minutes

Materials required for examination Items included with question papers

Multiple Choice Answer Sheet NilHB pencil, eraser and calculator

Turn over

Instructions to Candidates

FOUNDATION TIER CANDIDATES ANSWER QUESTIONS 1–24

HIGHER TIER CANDIDATES START AT QUESTION 17. ANSWER QUESTIONS 17–40

Use an HB pencil. Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so.Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

Before the test begins:Check that the answer sheet is for the correct test and that it contains your candidate details.

How to answer the test:For each question, choose the right answer, A, B, C or D and mark it in HB pencil on the answer sheet. For example, the answer C would be marked as shown.

Mark only one answer for each question. If you change your mind about an answer, rub out the first mark carefully, then mark your new answer.

Do any necessary calculations and rough work in this booklet. You may use a calculator if you wish.

You must not take this booklet or the answer sheet out of the examination room.

Printer’s Log. No.

N27327A

This publication may be reproduced only in accordance with Edexcel Limited copyright policy. ©2007 Edexcel Limited.

W850/XXXX/57570 2/

*N27327A*

2

QUESTIONS 1- 16 MUST BE ANSWERED BY FOUNDATION TIER CANDIDATES ONLY

HIGHER TIER CANDIDATES START AT QUESTION 17.

Saving the Earth

Picture or sign of recycling 1. Which of these is not normally recycled at present? A. glass bottles B. aluminium cans C. newspapers D. polystyrene packaging

2. Recycling is important because it A. saves raw materials and reduces landfill B. saves raw materials and increases landfill C. wastes energy and reduces landfill D. wastes energy and increases landfill

3. Methane is the fuel used to heat water in a central heating system.

Which is the word equation for the complete combustion of methane?

A. methane + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water B. methane + water → carbon dioxide + oxygen C. methane + oxygen → carbon dioxide + hydrogen D. methane + oxygen → carbon dioxide

4. Central heating boilers should be checked regularly to ensure carbon monoxide is not being produced by incomplete combustion.

Why is carbon monoxide toxic? A. it increases the ability of blood to carry oxygen B. it lowers the ability of blood to carry oxygen C. it lowers the ability of blood to carry food D. it increases the ability of blood to carry food

5. Penny’s mum sends her a birthday card. On the back of the card it says

What is a sustainable forest?

A. A rain forest in which trees are chopped down to clear land B. When young trees are cut down and new trees are planted C. When mature trees are cut down and new trees are planted D. A forest that is destroyed by fire.

Made from trees from a sustainable forest

3 Turn over

Is the Earth becoming warmer?

Daily News - eg find quote mentioning global warming

6. What is meant by global warming? A. the Earth’s core temperature drops. B. the Earth’s core temperature rises C. the temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere drops D. the temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere rises

7. Which of the following gases is the main cause of global warming?

A. carbon dioxide B. oxygen C. helium D. nitrogen

8. Gases that cause global warming

A. prevent the Sun’s energy from entering the Earth’s atmosphere B. reduce the amount of oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere C. prevent the Sun’s energy from leaving the Earth’s atmosphere D. reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere

Use the graph below to answer questions 9, 10 and 11

average surface temperature of Earth

14.915

15.115.215.315.415.515.615.715.8

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

year

tem

pera

ture

(°C

)

9. 1998 had the highest temperature. Which year had the lowest average surface

temperature of the Earth

A. 1992 B. 1993 C. 1995 D. 1999

4

10. How much higher was the average surface temperature in 1998 than in 1992?

A. 0.48°C B. 0.88°C C. 4.8°C D. 48°C

11. Samir predicts from his graph that the temperature in 2010 will be higher than in 1998.

Sarah says

Why can’t Sarah be certain about Samir’s prediction from the graph? A. the temperatures are only average ones B. the temperatures go down as well as up C. the graph stops at 1999 D. the temperatures are not recorded accurately enough

Present and future fuels

Because supplies of crude oil are limited there is a need to find alternative fuels. 12. What is the name of the process used to separate petrol from crude oil? A. fractional distillation B. chromatography C. decanting D. filtering

13. Which of these substances, separated from crude oil, is used as a fuel for cars? A. fuel oil B. bitumen C. diesel D. kerosene 14. Which property of petrol makes it useful as a fuel? A. produces soot when burnt B. it is clear C. it gives out energy when burnt D. produces a residue when burnt

“You can’t be certain about that from this graph.”

5 Turn over

15. In Brazil many cars are powered by bio-fuel. Bio-fuel is a fuel made from A. crude oil B. coal C. water D. plants

16. Brazil’s main bio-fuel is alcohol made from sugar cane. What is a disadvantage of using sugar cane? A. large areas of fertile land have to be used to grow sugar cane B. growing sugar cane pollutes the soil C. sugar cane is a sustainable resource D. burning alcohol produces sulphur dioxide

FOUNDATION TIER CANDIDATES ANSWER QUESTIONS 17- 24 HIGHER TIER CANDIDATES START HERE.

Cooking

17. Nadia runs a restaurant. Nadia buys some new pans. The pans have a spot in the centre of their bases that changes colour when they are ready to use.

What is the external stimulus that causes this change? A. heat B. light C. adding oil to the pan D. putting the food in the pan 18. Where would Nadia find Teflon TM in the kitchen? A. the handles on pans B. the non-stick coating on pans C. scouring pads D. heat-proof stands for hot pans

6

19. Nadia prepares home-made mayonnaise from oil and lemon juice. She uses egg yolk to emulsify the oil and lemon juice Which of these statements describe how the egg yolk works as an emulsifier? 1. the hydrophilic part is attracted to the lemon juice 2. the hydrophobic part is attracted to the lemon juice 3. the hydrophobic part is attracted to the oil 4. the hydrophilic part is attracted to the oil A. 1 only B. 1 and 3 only C. 2 only D. 2 and 4 only

20. Nadia wants to keep her mayonnaise fresh for as long as possible. On a TV shopping channel she has seen that ‘intelligent packaging’ claims to keep food fresh.

Intelligent packaging keeps the mayonnaise fresh by A. keeping the mayonnaise at room temperature B. having somewhere to write the date the mayonnaise was made C. preventing oxygen contacting the food D. hydration

21. Some people ask for alcohol with their meal in the restaurant. To produce alcohol, the

fermentation process converts sugars into alcohol. What other starting material is needed? A. bacteria B. mayonnaise C. salt D. yeast

22. Car drivers who may have been consuming alcoholic drinks can be breathalysed to check the level of ethanol in their blood.

A high level of ethanol results in

A. faster reactions B. clearer vision

C. slower reactions D. safer driving

7 Turn over

Tree Top Climbing

Ade goes on an assault course made up of rope bridges, trapezes and slides through the tree tops. Ade has to wear a special safety harness

23. Which properties are most important for the material used to make the safety harness? A. strong and waterproof B. strong and lightweight C. waterproof and lightweight D. flexible and waterproof

. 24. Ade knows his GoretexTM jacket will keep the rain out but will not make him sweat. This is because A. The pores in the fabric are too small for water droplets to enter but are large enough for

the sweat (water vapour) to escape B. The pores in the fabric are too large for water droplets to enter but are small enough for

the sweat (water vapour) to escape C. The outside of the fabric has been sprayed with a waterproof substance

D. The inside of the fabric has been sprayed with a waterproof substance

FOUNDATION TIER CANDIDATES STOP HERE HIGHER TIER CANDIDATES CONTINUE TO THE END

TOTAL MARK FOR FOUNDATION TIER CANDIDATES 24

8

25. The frames of Ade’s glasses are made from a titanium alloy that never loses its shape. What properties must the alloy have? A. strong and flexible B. strong and rigid C. transparent and flexible D. transparent and rigid

26. ThinsulateTM gives water-resistant insulation, without bulk. What might Ade have that is made of ThinsulateTM

A. a mobile phone B. a belt C. a vest D. a harness

Skiing trip Neelam and Dave are going skiing.

27. They buy some ski equipment and clothing made from smart materials. What are smart materials?

A. materials that are shiny B. materials with built in computer chips C. materials that respond to external stimuli D. materials that can think

9 Turn over

28. Some of the ski equipment is made of carbon fibre which is three times stronger than steel and about four times less dense.

Carbon fibre is likely to be used to make A. ski poles and ski gloves B. ski gloves and ski hats C. ski hats and skis D. skis and ski poles

29. Dave and Neelam wear sunscreen that contains nanoparticles. Which of these statements is true about nanoparticles?

A. nanoparticles do not contain atoms B. nanoparticles are more than 1cm wide C. nanoparticles are larger than the particles in the sunscreen without nanoparticles D. nanoparticles are smaller than the particles in the sunscreen without nanoparticles

30. Which of these is an advantage of using a sunscreen containing nanoparticles rather than a sunscreen without nanoparticals?

A. sunscreens with nanoparticles always come in smaller bottles than normal

sunscreens. B. sunscreens with nanoparticles give high protection from the sun without covering

your skin in thick white powder C. nanoparticles are so small that they soak into the skin D. nanoparticles are a new technology

31. Dave wants to use sunscreen with nanoparticles, but Neelam is not so sure. She says “ nanotechnology sounds a little bit like science fiction. Are you sure it’s safe?”

Dave shows her an article about nanotechnology that he read in a newspaper.

Royal Society scientists are concerned about use of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles can be far more toxic than other particles of the same material yet they are already used in sunscreens and cosmetics. In medicine, doctors have been injecting magnetic nanoparticles to track tumours and diagnose how far cancer has spread in a patient.

Which of these statements is true?

A. The article says nanotechnology is too dangerous to use B. The article says nanotechnology could be dangerous but also has some benefits. C. The article says nanotechnology is not dangerous and only has benefits. D. The article says nanotechnology is completely safe.

10

32. Dave and Neelam would like to buy the same skis that the Olympic skiers use. What properties would an Olympic skier be least worried about when buying skis? The skis

A. are flexible B. are unlikely to break C. are a bright colour D. glide easily over the snow

Air pollution

33. Navdeep has asthma. Her father is concerned about air pollutants that might cause an asthma attack

Navdeep’s father buys a new gas central heating boiler that burns fuel more efficiently than his old one. Methane is the fuel used in the boiler.

Which is the balanced equation for the complete combustion of methane?

A. CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O B. C2H6 + O2 CO2 + H2O C. CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O D. 2C2H6 + 7O2 4CO2 + 6H2O

34. If the boiler is not burning fuel efficiently and completely what might be produced that could affect Navdeep’s health?

1. soot 2. carbon monoxide 3. carbon dioxide

A. 1 only B. 2 only C. 1 and 2 D. 2 and 3

35. Which of these equations is a balanced equation showing incomplete combustion?

A. C + O2 → CO2 B. CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O C. CH4 + O2 → CO + 2H2O D. 2C3H8 + 7O2 → 6CO + 8H2O

11 Turn over

Crude oil Several products are obtained from crude oil. They are separated using special apparatus.

36. What is the name of this apparatus?

A. water-cooled condenser B. catalytic cracker C. fractionating condenser D. fractionating column

37. Which of the following is true of products separated from crude oil?

A. bitumen has a higher boiling point than diesel oil B. diesel oil has a higher boiling point than heavy fuel oils C. flammable gases have the highest boiling points D. bitumen has the lowest boiling point

38. Bitumen is extremely viscous because it is

A. difficult to ignite B. collected at the bottom of the apparatus C. made of large molecules D. used on road surfaces

39. The information on air pollution and asthma refers to the town where Navdeep lives.

year number of days when air pollution was moderate or higher

number of times patients were admitted to hospital for asthma

related illnesses. 1999 84 750 2000 79 450 2001 50 325 2002 65 380 2003 33 300

Which of the graphs on the next page shows all of this data correctly? Key Number of days when air pollution was moderate or higher Number of times patients were admitted to hospital for asthma related illnesses

12

A

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Year

B

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Year

C

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Year

D

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Year

13 Turn over

40. What pattern does the information in the table for question 39 show?

A. The number of times patients were admitted to hospital for asthma related illnesses increases each year.

B. The number of days when air pollution was moderate or higher decreases each year C. Asthma is caused by air pollution D. When air pollution decreases asthma decreases

End of paper

TOTAL MARK FOR HIGHER TIER CANDIDATES 24