2016-2017 tier ii training - core … · xxxx‐xxxx‐xxx‐xxx‐xx‐xxxxx ... seller/vendor,...

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2016-2017 TIER II TRAINING As required by A.C.A § 6202204 Presented by Brian Brown Director of Purchasing & Finance December 2016 Using AAEA presentation with Robyn Keene’s permission

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Page 1: 2016-2017 TIER II TRAINING - core … · XXXX‐XXXX‐XXX‐XXX‐XX‐XXXXX ... seller/vendor, indicating the type, quantities and agreed prices for ... • Maintain bid file at

2016-2017TIER II TRAINING

As required by A.C.A  § 6‐20‐2204Presented by Brian Brown

Director of Purchasing & Finance

December 2016Using AAEA presentation with Robyn Keene’s permission

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Required Tier II Training

• Minimum of two hours of annual training for employees who are involved in the process of recording and/or reporting of financial transactions but:

• Do not make decisions about selecting codes, or• Have a limited number of codes that they can use

• School district Tier II trainers are required to attend Tier I training.

• Training materials should be based on Tier I material and focused on the specific needs of school district employees. 

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Required Tier II Training

• School districts, charter schools, and educational service cooperatives are required to maintain annual files and records indicating all employees who are required to have Tier II training and those who have completed Tier II training

• A sign‐in sheet should be kept for audit purposes

• Provide ADE with assurance statement regarding the completion of Tier II training by the required individuals.  (This is pulled in state reporting Cycle 7 – June 15.)

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Tier II Sanctions

• Any school district or charter school that does not comply with these rules shall be identified as being in fiscal distress. 

• Any ESC shall be sanctioned by the State Board of Education. 

• Any licensed employee that provides false expenditure information may have his or her license revoked. 

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Regarding school accounting, ultimately, the “BIG” Question…..

needs to be…..

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Can you avoid newspaper headlines such as these…..• “Audit: Fired Employees Stole $81,000 inSchool Lunch Transactions”

• “Two Charged in Theft of District Funds” ($7,500)

• “School Employee Reimburses District ($3,158) for questionablecredit card purchases.” 

• “Fundraiser checks totaling ($1,794)cashed for personal use by school employee.”

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Account Coding

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Coding –Who Cares??• The Governor • The Legislature and the Taxpayers• Adequacy Education Subcommittee• Arkansas Department of Education• The Superintendent and Board• The Finance and Personnel Office

(not the bad guys)Why?Comparisons, Transparency, Consistency

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Why is the accurate Coding of Revenue & Expenditures stressed?• Enhances our ability to effectively manage the funds we have. • Meets state requirements.

• Categorical funds. • 9% M&O, GT, etc.

• Improves comparability and transparency. • Improves the ability to budget and make projections• Shows where funds come from…..and where do they go.• Consistency is important when comparing financial data across multiple accounting periods.  And……being able to identify the reasons for inconsistencies. Numbers can tell a story.  

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Where is the Standard Chart of Accounts Located?

http://www.apscn.org/fms/fmsmain.htm> Financial Management System – Accounting/Coding Documentation > Arkansas Financial Accounting Handbook 2015/2016

• Site is Password Protected

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Reasons for “Standard” Chart of Accounts • Consistent method of reporting. • Allows for valid comparisons of finances. • Improves the value of statewide financial information. • ALLOWS DISTRICTS TO IDENTIFY:TRENDS…..COMPARISONS….. and to make PROJECTIONS. 

How good are they if we don’t use them????

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Diagram of a Budget UnitXXXX‐XXXX‐XXX‐XXX‐XX‐XXXXX• Fund/Source of Funds (4)• Function (4)• Location (3)• Program (3)• Subject (2)• Object/Account (5)

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FUNDXXXX‐XXXX‐XXX‐XXX‐XX‐XXXXXEach fund is created for a unique purpose

1000 series – Teacher Salary Fund2000 series – Operating Fund (General Fund)3000 series – Building Fund4000 series – Debt Service Fund5000 series – Capital Outlay/Dedicated M&O6000 series – Federal Grants Fund7000 series – Activity Fund8000 series – Food Service Fund9000 series – Fixed Assets Fund

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FUNCTIONXXXX‐XXXX‐XXX‐XXX‐XX‐XXXXX• The Function describes the activity being performed when a service is provided or a material object is received.

• 1000 series – Instruction • 1110 Kindergarten, 1120 Elementary, 1130 Middle/Junior, 1140 High School, 1150 Athletics, 1160 Activities, 1220 Resource Room, 1330 Business Education, 1360 Home Economics, 1910 GT 

• 2000 series – Support Service• 2122 Counselor, 2134 Health Services, 2219 Athletic Director, 2222 Library/Media Services, 2410 Office of Principal, 2580 Technology, 2600 M&O, 2700 Transportation

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LOCATIONXXXX‐XXXX‐XXX‐XXX‐XX‐XXXXXEach campus in the district has a unique three‐digit location code assigned by the ADE.

050 Amboy Elementary 067 PVECC054 Boone Park Elementary 069 Seventh Street Elementary055 Crestwood Elementary 070 NLRMS056 Glenview Elementary 082 NLRHS & NLRA057 Indian Hills Elementary 084 Ridge Road Elementary058 Lakewood Elementary061 Meadow Park Elementary

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PROGRAMXXXX‐XXXX‐XXX‐XXX‐XX‐XXXXXThe Program classification is a plan of activities and procedures designed to accomplish a predetermined objective or set of objectives.

‐200 Special Education‐115 Athletics ‐116 Activity Funds (Extracurricular Activities)‐270 Gifted/Talented‐438 Alternative Education‐Multiple Program Codes for NSLA ‐Multiple Program Codes for grants (local option)

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SUBJECTXXXX‐XXXX‐XXX‐XXX‐XX‐XXXXXThe subject classification is used for local accounting purposes.  This is not required but NLR uses the following:00 Salary Budget Unit 52 Music05 Non‐salary Budget Unit 70 Social Studies30 Math 80‐89  Athletics40 Foreign Language  90 NLRA Salary Budget50 Art 95 NLRA Non‐salary Budget

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OBJECT (Account)XXXX‐XXXX‐XXX‐XXX‐XX‐XXXXX The object classification is used to describe the service or commodity obtained as a result of 

a specific expenditure.

‐ 61000 series – Salaries (Employees Only)‐ 62000 series – Benefits (Employees Only)‐ 63000 series – Purchased Professional & Technical Services‐ 64000 series – Purchased Property Services‐ 65000 series – Other Purchased Services‐ 66000 series – Supplies and Materials‐ 67000 series – Capital Outlay (Equipment)‐ 68000 series – Other Objects‐ 69000 series – Other Uses of Funds 

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Common Object Codes

• 63310  Certified Registrations• 64320  Tech related repairs & maintenance• 65810  Certified Travel• 66100  Supplies• 66500  Technology Supplies• 66527  Low Value Technology Supplies• 66900  Teacher Supply purchases• 67340  Technology Equipment• 68100  Dues & Fees

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Important Object Codes• 66511  Technology Apps• 66512  Tablet Computers < $1000• 66526  Ink & Toner• 66527  Tech Supplies < $1000• 67340  Tech Hardware > $1000• 67350  Tech Software > $1000• 68102  Background Checks• 68100  Dues & Fees

• 65810  Travel‐CRT‐In District• 65820  Travel‐CLS‐In District• 65830  Travel‐CRT‐Out of District• 65840  Travel‐CLS‐Out of District• 66410  Textbooks• 66411  eTextbooks• 66420  Library books• 66421  eLibrary books• 66430  Periodicals• 66431  ePeriodicals

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Purchasing

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Spending the Public’s Money

• If it’s paid for with School District or Activity Fund check, it is public money.

• When spending, ask yourself these questions:• Is it a school purpose?• Is there an educational benefit?• What does your gut tell you?• Would it cause an outcry if published in the paper?

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Purchasing/Disbursements A Purchase Order (PO) –

is an official and binding commercial document issued by a buyer to a seller/vendor, indicating the type, quantities and agreed prices for products or services that the seller will provide to the buyer. authorizes the expenditure of funds for goods and services

constitutes a legal offer to buy products or services. 

specify additional conditions such as terms of payment, liability and freight responsibility, and required delivery date.  

creates an encumbrance dedicating funds at the time the PO is originated by the purchasing department.  

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Purchasing/Disbursements By using a PO, everyone involved in the purchase process 

can track the order by referring to the unique PO number as a standard reference.

Purchase orders are an internal control device.  This is why it is important to execute a purchase order before the purchase is made.

A purchase order executed after the purchase is meaningless! Auditors call these confirming purchase orders.

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Purchasing/Disbursements• Purchase orders are not official until signed by the authorized person.  

• Never alter a purchase order:  You will be altering a legal document and auditors may consider this evidence of fraud.

• Keep voided PO’s.

• Any purchase made without a properly authorized PO, is not an obligation of the district, but is a legal obligation of the person placing the order.

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Purchasing/Disbursements

Sales and Use Tax• District is only exempt from paying taxes on items that are 

exempted by law.  (See next slides)• District pays use tax on items purchased from out of state vendor 

that does not charge tax on the invoice.  We also pay use tax if an employee purchases an item from an out of state vendor and employee requests reimbursement if the employee is purchasing the item as an agent of the district.  

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Sales Tax Exemptions• School buses sold to Arkansas school districts. (A.C.A. § 26‐52‐410(b))

• Sale of school buses that will be used exclusively by purchaser to provide school bus service for an Arkansas school district. (A.C.A. §26‐52‐410(c))

• Sales of motor vehicles to public school districts in Arkansas. (A.C.A. § 26‐52‐410(a))

• Sales of food in public school cafeteria and lunchrooms. (A.C.A. §26‐52‐401(3))

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Sales Tax Exemptions• Sales of tickets for admissions to athletic events and interscholastic activities at public and private schools. (A.C.A. § 26‐52‐412(a))

• Sales of sheet music, electronic software, maps, globes, art  supplies, charts, DVDs and films used as part of a course of study. (A.C.A. § 26‐52‐437)

• Textbooks, library books and other instructional materials are exempt if purchased by a school district

• Sales of digital resources when purchased as instructional materials for Arkansas public schools. (Act 288 of 2011)

“Digital resources” has yet to be defined.  (Arkansas Department of Finance and Administration considered I‐Pads as computer hardware, and therefore taxable.)

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Purchasing/Disbursements

• Getting things paid…..• Pay only on invoices, not statements or quotes.  Appropriate documentation is required to pay a bill.  Invoice amount must match check amount.

• Original invoices are preferred over copies• Invoices that are not turned in on a timely basis means we cannot pay on time which means our account may be suspended and that hurts everybody!!! 

• Turn in all paperwork promptly to ensure that the payment is processed in a timely manner. Missing paperwork holds up payment.

• Code accurately:  The state is becoming more demanding and particular in its reporting requirements.  Getting it right at the beginning saves a lot of work later!

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Purchasing/Disbursements

• Additional documentation and record retention ‐• Attach bids to PO• Bid records must be maintained for audit and compliance purposes.• Maintain bid file at location level.

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District Purchasing Procedures and Policies

• Purchases shall be made in accordance with State laws and procurement procedures governing school purchases that are deemed to be in the best interest of the District and are the result of fair and open competition between qualified bidders and suppliers. 

• Open market purchases may be made where the purchase price is less than $1,000.  no bids required.  

• Open market purchases may be made where the purchase price more than $1,000 but less than $10,000.  The solicitation of telephone quotes or written bids is required by the district.

• Commodities that have a purchase price of more than $10,000 must be bought from not less than three quotation bids.  Specifications shall be devised for all commodities to be bid that are specific enough to ensure uniformity of the bid and yet not so restrictive that it would prevent competitive bidding.

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6-21-304. Manner of making purchases.

(a) (1)All purchases of commodities by any school district, except those specifically exempted by § 6-21-305, shall be made as follows:

(A) In each instance in which the estimated purchase price shall equal or exceed ten thousand dollars ($10,000), the commodity shall be procured by soliciting bids, provided that the purchasing official may reject all bids and may purchase the commodity by negotiating a contract. If the purchasing official, after rejecting all bids, determines that the purchase should be made by negotiation, then each responsible bidder who submitted a bid shall be notified of the determination and shall be given a reasonable opportunity to negotiate;

(B) Bidder Assurance and Disclosure Forms- Now required on all solicited bids.

(c) Open market purchases may be made where the purchase price is less than ten thousand dollars ($10,000);

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Purchase Orders

• Use correct vendor.• Be thorough in description:  who, what, where, when. • Code correctly. • Code the expenditure for what you are buying.• Budget transfers may be required.

• Activity Account – running a grant through, type grant name on first line of in description of purchase order along with teachers name so we can track purchases. m

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Purchase Orders

1. Get Quote2. Create PO with PO date after the Quote date3. Get PO signed.  PO is authorized by business office signature on 

purchasing agent line.  It will be signed an dated.4. Place order using PO after date on purchasing agent line.5. Receive item6. Forward invoice over to business office for payment.  Invoice date 

must be after purchasing agent’s date on PO. Attach all quotes/bids to pink copy to pay invoice so these documents get filed with AP check.

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Purchase Orders

• payments > $10,000 to a vendor must be board approved• Cannot separate on different purchase orders to avoid board approval

• Cannot intentionally space payments out to try to avoid board approval

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Recent Actual Audit Findings Around the State• Purchasing and Procurement

• The district executed a contract of $209,474 to replace air conditioning units.  The district awarded this contract to a vendor based upon the vendor’s membership with TIPS, a cooperative purchasing program.  In review of contract and upon consultation with representatives of the TIPS purchasing cooperative, it was determined that HVAC services were not permitted under the vendor’s contract with the Cooperative.  Therefore, the district did not comply with state procurement laws regarding this contract.

• ACA § 6‐21‐304 requires bid solicitation for certain purchases when the estimated cost equals or exceeds $10,000.  The district did not obtain competitive bids for a $24,447 purchase of a phone system or for $27,100 of construction services on a drop off/awning improvement.

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Recent Actual Audit Findings Around the State• Purchasing and Procurement (Continued)

• The district had a remodeling project for which it acted as its own contractor.  During this project in 2 instances where the purchase price of commodities exceeded $10,000 and the district failed to solicit bids as required by ACA § 6‐21‐304.

• The district did not obtain bids for security camera equipment that was updated at a cost of $11,303. ACA § 6‐21‐304 requires bids to be obtained prior to the purchase of applicable items in which the estimated price shall equal or exceed $10,000.

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Employee Compensation

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Act 1087 – Minimum Teacher Salaries• Increases the minimum teacher salary schedule (Last change in minimums was in 2008‐2009) 15‐16:  Minimum starting teacher salary increases from $29,244 to $30,122 ‐

Minimum starting salary for Masters from $33,630 to $34,640 16‐17:  Minimum starting teacher salary increases from $30,122 to $31,000 ‐

Minimum starting salary for Masters from $34,640 to $35,650

• All other steps on the minimum salary schedule increase accordingly (BOTH BA & MA LEVELS)

• Retains $450 step increments on BA schedule and $500 on MA schedule through 15 years experience

• Certified salary schedules must be posted to the district website each year by September 15.

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Do You Know Your District Benefits

• Benefits• Health Insurance – The 2015/16 required state minimum is $154.48 per month.  Effective January 1, 2017, the required state minimum will be $155.93 per month.

• Sick Leave – Certified personnel shall be granted a total of one (1) day of sick leave for each month of contract employment. 

• Personal Leave – No requirement by law. • Teacher Retirement – Districts contribute 14% of annual per year per employee.  • Group Term Life Insurance – No requirement by law.  • Accidental Death & Dismemberment – No requirement by law.• Long Term Disability – No requirement by law.• Other Mandated Fringe Benefits – FICA and Medicare – a total of 7.65% paid by district for each employee through payroll process.

• We pay above the minimum

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Classified Staff

• Arkansas Minimum Wage $8.50 (Effective 1/1/2017).• Minimum public school hourly wage amount for 2016/2017 is $8.33 (for 20+ hours per week).  This amount is adjusted annually to match the increase in the CPI (Consumer Price Index).  (Arkansas code 6‐17‐2203.)

• Districts will need to decide if they will use $8.33 from                            July‐December 2016 and change to $8.50 January                                             2017 or go ahead and use $8.50 for entire year effective                           July 1, 2016.

• Classified salary schedules are posted on the district               website.

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Pay for Extra Duties/Overtime Reminders• Overtime and extra duty pay MUST have prior authorization.  (Note:  A monthly “salary” does not eliminate the overtime requirement for certain classified employees).  Unapproved overtime can be an audit exception.

• Do not hire temporary staff without approval!!‐Contact HR

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Department of Labor Fair Labor Standard’s Act Overtime Pay• Raised the FLSA overtime salary threshold from $23,660 to $47,476 (or $913/week)

o Last change was in 2004• Existing job duty requirements have not changed• Exemptions for executive, administrative, professional, computer, and outside sales have not changed

• Automatically increase the salary threshold every three years starting in 2020 to keep up with inflation costs

o January 1, 2020 would reflect the first increase, to $51,000• Effective date is Thursday, December 1, 2016

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Act 1104 – Classified Employee Duty‐Free Lunch• A public school or district shall provide at least one 30‐minute uninterrupted duty‐free lunch period each student instructional day for each full‐time non‐exempt classified employee except in an emergency “Full‐time non‐exempt” means a classified employee that 

works 35 or more hours per week who is entitled to overtime pay under FLSA

"Emergency" means a time when the health and safety of a child is immediately at risk

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Act 1104 – Classified Employee Duty‐Free Lunch (Continued)• A full‐time non‐exempt classified employee who receives one thirty (30) minute uninterrupted duty‐free lunch period as required under this Act is not entitled to two (2) paid breaks under §6‐17‐2205. Non‐exempt classified employees not covered by this Act are still entitled to the two (2) paid breaks.

• A full‐time non‐exempt classified employee who does not receive a duty‐free lunch period as required by this Act, shall be compensated at his/her hourly rate of pay for each duty‐free lunch period missed.

• Districts that collectively negotiate a contract for classified employees are exempt from this Act.

(Federal law does not require lunch or coffee breaks)

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Fixed Assets&

Inventory

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Inventory• Anything valued over $1,000 will be inventoried in APSCN finance system.• DO NOT discard or destroy any item that has an inventory 

tag/sticker/number on it.  Any item that was previously listed as a fixed asset will have an inventory tag/sticker/number.  In order to remove any fixed asset you need to complete an inventory deletion form and notify Accounting Dept.

• Make sure you complete a transfer form if inventory item moved to a new location.  Notify Business Office when items are moved.  

• Was item purchased with federal funds?  Know rules and regulations about items purchased with federal funds. (numerous audit findings)  Contact Accounting Dept if you want to dispose or move item purchased with federal funds.

• Local inventory lists must be completed each year for all items under $1,000 for insurance purposes. These lists are not kept in APSCN.  KEEP LISTS AT BUILDING LEVEL with a copy submitted to Admin Office at the end of the year.

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School Properties Disposal Sample Policy

• EXAMPLE ‐ School Properties Disposal Procedure• No real property of the school district shall without action of the school board authorizing sale.  Upon board authorization, Superintendent shall solicit bids by advertising sale in a local news publication.

• Superintendent is authorized to dispose of equipment, materials and supplies when bids or quotes on new purchases include trade‐in values.

• Sale of any fixed asset item other than on a trade‐in basis may occur only after obtaining approval from Superintendent.

• Equipment, materials, or supplies with negligible value, which does not meet the criteria for real property, may be approved for disposal or sale by Superintendent or designee.

**CONTACT ACCOUNTING OFFICE REGARDING ANY DISPOSAL, TRANSFER, ETC OF DISTRICT INVENTORY/PROPERTY***

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Inventory and Fixed Assets Audit Findings

• Inventory unable to be located upon examination by Audit.

• Not following district policies and procedures regarding inventory.  

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Ethics

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Ethics Guidelines

State law (A.C.A. §6‐24‐101) requires full open disclosure and approval before a school district employee may sell, lease, provide services, or enter into other transactions with the school district where he/she is employed.

Therefore, every district employee will be required to disclose any potential vendor relationship by completing a disclosure formprovided by the district.  Failure to fully disclose could result in criminal felony charges being brought against the employee. 

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Ethical Guidelines for Administrators, Employees, and Board Members

• A.C.A. § 6‐24‐105• See Rules Governing Ethical Guidelines and Prohibitions for Educational Administrators, Employees, Board Members and other Parties (March 2014)

• Rules will be amended for Act 846 of 2015• District must identify ‘limited and unusual circumstances’ in request for Commissioner approval

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Ethics Guidelines

Act 1599 of 2001

Applies to Board Member, Administrators, and Employees. Act 1599 sets the guidelines for business transactions between 

the school district and its board, administrators and employees. May require both local board approval and state board approval. Refer to Arkansas Code 6‐24‐100 through 6‐24‐120 for detailed 

information.

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Ethics Guidelines

Act 1599 of 2001

The spirit of this act is to provide for full disclosure of business activities between the local school district and its board members, administrators and employees.

Board Members and Administrators are held to higher ethical standards, since they are in a position of control.

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Ethics ‐ AdministratorsGenerally,• An administrator may not contract with the educational entity employing them

• A family member of an administrator may contract with the educational entity that the administrator serves only with prior approval from the Commissioner, regardless of the contract amount.

• Members of the administrator’s family or former spouse cannot be employed as a disbursing officer without approval from the Commissioner after a review by Legislative Audit

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Restrictions on Employment of Present and Former Administrators

• Must have ADE Commissioner approval before administrator engages in selling or attempting to sell commodities or services to the public educational entity they served or were employed by for one (1) year following the date employment or service ceased.

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Ethics ‐ EmployeesGenerally,• An employee may contract with the public educational entity employing him or her if the total transactions are less than $10,000 per fiscal year with local board approval

• If the total transactions are more than $10,000 per fiscal year, the contract must be approved by the Commissioner 

• If you have questions or need assistance with a request for an exemption, please call the ADE Attorney’s Office at 501‐682‐4227.

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Vendor relationship to Board Member ‐

• The board member must leave the meeting until the voting on the issue is concluded, and the absent member shall not be counted as having voted.

Transaction Amount <$10,000.00?

YesLocal Board Resolution adopted and approved along with Contract Disclosure Form B.

Transaction Amount>$10,000.00?

YesLocal Board Resolution adopted and approved along with Contract Disclosure Form B andADE approval

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Vendor relationship to Administrator ‐

• Regardless of the estimated dollar amount of transactions for the fiscal year, the district is required to request independent review and approval by ADE.

• Vendors in which administrators have an interest are typically only allowed to contract with a public educational entity other than the entity employing them.

Transaction Amount <$10,000.00?

Transaction Amount>$10,000.00?

Local Board Resolution adopted and approved along

with Contract Disclosure Form B and

ADE approval

Yes

Yes

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Vendor relationship to Employee ‐

Transaction Amount <$10,000.00?

YesLocal Board Resolution adopted and approved along with Contract Disclosure Form B.

Transaction Amount>$10,000.00?

YesLocal Board Resolution adopted and approved along with Contract Disclosure Form B andADE approval

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Bob Wright, a member of the local school board, owns Wright Way Towing.  It is the only towing company in the school district’s area.  The district usually spends $2,500 on towing each year

Can the school district contract with Wright Way Towing?1. Yes, as long as the local school board determines the contract is in the 

best interest of the district and the Commissioner approves the contract.

2. Yes, under unusual and limited circumstances and as long as the local school board determines the contract is in the best interest of the district. 

3. No, because the a board member is prohibited from contracting with the school district that they serve.

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Bob Wright, a member of the local school board, owns Wright Way Towing.  It is the only towing company in the school district’s area.  The district usually spends $2,500 on towing each year

Can the school district contract with Wright Way Towing?2.  Yes, under unusual and limited circumstances and as long as the local school board determines the contract is in the best interest of the district. 

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Wright Way Towing

A.C.A. §6‐24‐105(a) Except as otherwise provided, it is a breach of the ethical standards for a board member to contract with the educational entity the member serves if the board member has knowledge that he or she is directly or indirectly interested in the contract.(“Directly Interested” means receiving compensation or other benefits personally or to an individual's household from the person, business, or entity contracting with the public educational entity)(c) Exceptions (1) Board Approval.  (A) (i) In unusual and limited circumstances, a public educational entity's board may approve a contract, but not an employment contract, between the public educational entity and the board member or the member's family if the board determines that the contract is in the best interest of the public educational entity.(2) Independent Approval.  (A) (i) If it appears the total transactions or contracts with the board member or a family member for a fiscal year total, or will total, ten thousand dollars ($10,000) or more, the superintendent or other chief administrator of the public educational entity shall forward the written resolution along with all relevant data to the commissioner for independent review and approval.

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Bob Wright’s son just graduated from college. The school district is looking to hire a high school STEM Coordinator for $44,000.  The son meets all job qualifications, as do two other candidates. 

Can the district hire the son as the high school STEM Coordinator?1. Yes, with local board approval.2. Yes, if the local board determines the situation presents unusual and 

limited circumstances, the local board may hire him.3. Yes, if the Commissioner determines the situation presents unusual and 

limited circumstances and approves the employment contract.

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Bob Wright’s son just graduated from college. The school district is looking to hire a high school STEM Coordinator for $44,000. The son meets all job qualifications, as do two other candidates. 

Can the district hire the son as the high school STEM Coordinator?3.  Yes, if the Commissioner determines the situation presents unusual and limited circumstances and approved the employment contract.A.C.A. §6‐24‐105 (b) Employment of Family Members (1)(A)(i) A board member’s family may not be initially employed by the public educational entity the member serves during the member's tenure of service on the local board for compensation in excess of $5,000 unless the Commissioner issues a letter of exemption and approved the employment contract based on unusual and limited circumstances.(ii) The determination of unusual and limited circumstances shall be at the sole discretion of the commissioner and may be further defined by rule of the State Board of Education.

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Three years later, Bob Wright is still on the board.  His son’s students just won a regional STEM award.  

Can the district promote the son to a newly created position of district‐wide STEM Coordinator for an increase in salary of $8,000 per year?1. Yes, the Superintendent can approve the promotion.2. Yes, with prior approval from the Commissioner.

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Three years later, Bob Wright is still on the board.  His son’s students just won a regional STEM award.  Can the district promote the son to district‐wide STEM Coordinator for an increase in salary of $8,000 per year?2.  Yes, with prior approval from the Commissioner.A.C.A. §6‐24‐105(b)(2)(B) Excluding any renewal of a contract under A.C.A. §6‐17‐1506 any change in the terms or conditions of an employment contract, a promotion, or a change in employment status for a family member of a school district board member employed by a public educational entity that will result in an increase in compensation of more than two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) must be approved in writing by the commissioner before any change in the terms or conditions of the employment contract or promotion or changes in employment status are effective, valid, or enforceable.

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Bullseye Archery Range is the only archery range within 100 miles of School District 1.  The Assistant Superintendent for Facilities at School District 1 and his wife own Bullseye Archery Range.  The school district wants to contract with Bullseye Archery Range for a total of $1,750 per year.

Can School District 1 contract with Bullseye Archery Range?1. Yes, as long as the local school board and Commissioner approve the 

contract.2. Yes, with only local board approval because the contact is less than 

$10,0003. No, because the Assistant Superintendent is prohibited from 

contracting with the school district that employs him and there are no exceptions.

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Bullseye Archery Range is the only archery range within 100 miles of School District 1.  The Assistant Superintendent for Facilities at School District 1 and his wife own Bullseye Archery Range.  The school district wants to contract with Bullseye Archery Range for a total of $1,750 per year.

Can School District 1 contract with Bullseye Archery Range?3.  No, because the Assistant Superintendent is prohibited from contracting with the school district that employs him and there are no exceptionsA.C.A. §6‐24‐106 Administrators (a) General Prohibition(1) Except as otherwise provided, it is a breach of the ethical standards of this chapter for an administrator to contract with the public educational entity employing him or her if the administrator has knowledge that he or she is directly or indirectly interested in the contract.

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School Audits are presented before the Legislative Joint Audit Committee and a number are referred to the Prosecuting Attorney office.

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Recent Actual Audit Findings Around the State

• Business Ethics• For the period July 1, 2013 through February 10, 2015, the district conducted business with a financial institution in which a board member held a direct financial interest without ADE approval, as required by ACA §6‐24‐105.

• The district paid $227,527 to a company in which an employee had a financial interest without obtaining a board resolution and subsequent approval for the ADE, as required by ACA § 6‐24‐107.

• The district paid a total of $4,534 to two businesses in which employees had a financial interest without obtaining board approval, as required by ACA § 6‐24‐107.  

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Recent Actual Audit Findings

• Business Ethics (continued)• The district paid $6,481 to a company co‐owned by a family member of a board member.  Although the board passed a resolution, subsequent approval from the ADE was not obtained, as required by ACA § 6‐24‐105. 

• The district contracted with a business, in which an employee had a financial interest, for heating and cooling services totaling $31,108 without ADE approval, as required by ACA § 6‐24‐107. 

• The board approved a resolution allowing the district to conduct business with an employee for lawn care services totaling $5,225 but did not obtain authorization from the ADE, as required by ACA § 6‐24‐107.  A similar finding was reported in the prior audit.

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Recent Actual Audit Findings Around the State• Business Ethics (continued)

• The district approved a resolution and obtained authorization from the ADE to conduct business with an employee’s spouse for plumbing services.  However, the district purchased a vehicle from this employee for $7,800 without a board resolution or authorization from the ADE, as required by ACA § 6‐24‐107.  A similar finding was reported in the prior audit.

• The district expended $4,275 for catering services from a business owned by an employee’s spouse without obtaining the governing body’s approval as required by ACA § 6‐24‐107. 

• The district entered into a contract for school food services with a vendor that employed a board member without ADE approval or board resolution, as required by ACA § 6‐24‐105.  Payments to this vendor totaled approximately $39,395 in fiscal year 2014.

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Recent Actual Audit Findings Around the State• Business Ethics (continued)

• The board obtained authorization for the ADE, as required by ACA § 6‐24‐105 and 6‐24‐107, for the district  to conduct business with a bank that employed a board member and with a vendor owned by an employee’s spouse.  After the authorization for the board member and the employee’s spouse expired on Sept 30, 2013 and Dec 22, 2013, respectively, the district continued to conduct business with the bank and purchased vehicle maintenance and repair services of $6,295 from the employee’s spouse, without authorization from ADE.  

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Ethics for Arkansas Educators• Standard of Professional Conduct:

• Standard 1: An educator maintains a professional relationship with each student, both in and outside the classroom

• Standard 2: An educator maintains competence regarding skills, knowledge, and dispositions relating to his/her organizational position, subject matter, and/or pedagogical practice.

• Standard 3: An educator honestly fulfills reporting obligations associated with professional practices.

• Standard 4: An educator entrusted with public funds and property honors that trust with honest, responsible stewardship.

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Ethics for Arkansas Educators

• Standards of Professional Conduct – cont’d• Standard 5: An educator maintains integrity regarding the acceptance of any gratuity, gift, compensation or favor that might impair or appear to influence professional decisions or actions and shall refrain from using the educator’s position for personal gain.

• Standard 6: An educator keeps in confidence secure standardized test material as well as information about students and colleagues obtained in the course of professional service unless disclosure serves a professional purpose or is allowed or required by law.

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Internal Controls

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Internal Controls• What are internal controls?

• Internal controls, as defined in accounting and auditing, are processes for assuring achievement of an organization's objectives in operational effectiveness and efficiency, reliable financial reporting, and compliance with laws, regulations and policies.

Think of what is used on the school playground to keep students safe.

Think of what procedures and/or items you put in place in your classroom to prevent students from cheating.  

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Internal Control ConceptWhy do we need internal controls and procedures?  • Internal controls are established, maintained, and monitored by people at all levels within an organization.

• Internal controls increase the possibility of an agency achieving its strategic goals and objectives

• A system of internal control in an organization is the responsibility of all employees, from management who design, implement, and maintain controls to staff that execute various control activities.

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Five Components of Internal Control

1. Control Environment2. Risk Assessment3. Control Activities4. Information and Communication5. Monitoring 

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Why Do We Need Internal Controls?• To Provide Accountability . . .

• Public sector managers are responsible for managing the resources entrusted to them.

• And to Encourage Sound Management Practices– Internal controls coordinate a department’s policies and procedures to safeguard its assets, check accuracy and reliability of data, promote operational efficiency, and encourage adherence to sound management practices.

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Why Do We Need Internal Controls?• To avoid Chaos!!!!• To avoid fraud• To avoid an audit finding• To be consistent• To prevent

TRUST is not an internal control.

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Biggest Threats To Internal Control Structure• Management Override ‐ A well‐designed control system, if set aside at management’s discretion, can be equivalent to no control in terms of risk.

• Access to Assets ‐ The best way to safeguard assets is to control access to them.

• Substance over Form ‐ Controls may appear to be well‐designed and still lack substance.

• Conflicts of Interest ‐When an employee’s loyalties are divided there is a distinct risk that the employee will chose a course of action detrimental to the organization.

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Biggest Threats To Internal Control Structure (Continued)• Failure to Anticipate Certain Risks ‐Management may fail to anticipate certain risks, and thus fail to design and implement appropriate controls.

• Collusion ‐ Two or more employees may agree to circumvent internal controls.

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How will you know Internal Controls are working?

1. Risks are appropriately identified and managed;2. Interaction of the various governance groups occurs;3. Significant financial, managerial, and operating 

information is accurate, reliable, and timely;4. Employees’ conduct and actions are in compliance with 

policies, applicable laws and regulations;

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How will you know Internal Controls are working?5. Employees are trained to be responsible for notifying the 

superintendent/director of irregular circumstances;6. Resources are acquired economically, used efficiently, and 

adequately safeguarded;7. Quality and continuous improvement are encouraged;8. Significant regulatory issues are recognized and addressed 

appropriately.

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Good Controls

• Segregate duties ‐ Theft of activity funds most often happens when one person has a large amount of control over the process, with no supervision.

• Creating a process that involves 2 or 3 individuals, with each person signing off on receipts or disbursements, will greatly reduce the risk of misappropriation or theft.

• A written procedure that everyone in every activity has to follow will reduce confusion and allow for easier corrective action should the procedures not be follow

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Issues of Local Concern,Activity Funds, Etc.

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Activity Funds – 3 Major Kinds• Campus or District Fund

• General school activity fund• Pictures• Donations

• Agency• Fiduciary account  (someone else’s money)• Clubs

• Enterprise• To make money

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How are they alike?• Still District Funds• All the rules still apply

• Receipts• Invoices• No cashing employees checks• Fixed assets are still owned by the district

• Purchasing & Bids

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Differences

The source and purpose of the fund determines the uses and rules

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General Campus Activity Fund

• Student Picture money• Donations

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Agency 

• Clubs• Scholarships• Band • Sunshine committees

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Enterprise Funds

• The purpose is to make money

• Basically a business model• Selling ads• A school store• Rental facilities 

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Budget Management and Control

• Monthly review is a good way to find areas of concern.• Review and verify reports each month • Randomly select samples to do your own audit• If budget and expenditures do not appear as they should, what should you do?

• Compare year to year receipts by activity (year book sales, locker sales)• You should print reports monthly to review your specific budgets.  

• Detail Expenditure Status Reports – should print monthly• Audit Trails – shows in‐depth transactions when you need them• Accounts Payable Check Register – shows expenditures by each check can be printed also

• Code PO’s correctly to avoid excessive journal entries.

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Cash in Classrooms

• The principal’s office is the only appropriate location to keep funds collected for any reason.  No money (cash, checks, whatever) is to be left in classrooms or other offices overnight. No school funds will be taken away from school property.  You are responsible for any cash, money left in your room or office overnight.

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Cash Handling Procedures• If a change fund is required, a check for that purpose shall be requisitioned from the finance department and cashed at the bank.  Adequate safeguards shall be in place for storing change or petty cash funds and access to the funds must be limited to no more than two individuals. 

• The individual receiving funds is responsible for those funds until deposited in the school district bank account or until receiving a receipt from another school district employee.  

• All receipts shall be deposited intact.  No payments of any kind shall be made from coin, currency or checks received by the school district.  Expenses must be processed with a PO.

• All monies collected for school activities shall be deposited in school accounts in a timely fashion.

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Receipting Money

• What does your auditor say regarding receipting money?• Who handles money?  Not everyone should handle money.• Who is allowed to receipt money?  Only one or two in your office should be allowed to receipt money.

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Receipting MoneyEncourage the practice of counting money in the presence of person bringing money in for deposit (two people count the money and two people initial the receipt).  This protects both parties.  (Adults – money should not be sent by students)

Appropriate documentation should accompany all money brought in.  Make sure all teachers and sponsors have a copy of the form being used.  The teacher/sponsor must complete this form (or something similar).

Date:Received From:  Name of IndividualAmount:How Paid:  Cash and/or CheckFor:  Be specificTotal amount of money to be deposited:Signature of Teacher/Sponsor

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Receipting Money

• Complete Pre‐numbered Receipt• Date• Received From:  Include name of person • Dollars• For:  Sales, Fees, Etc.   BE SPECIFIC• How Paid:  A breakdown of the specific type of money (cash, check, money order) is required.

• Sign your name

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Receipting Money

• Complete Bank Deposit Slip• Date of Deposit• Record breakdown of money – Coins, Currency, Checks• Total amount of deposit• Record corresponding receipt number(s) on bank deposit slip that relates to money deposited.  (Example:  Rec# 022768‐022775) Deposits are not to be changed at the bank.

• DEPOSITS SHOULD BE MADE WEEKLY AND WHENEVER THE TOTAL RECEIPTED AMOUNT ON HAND EXCEEDS $75.  ALL RECEIPTS SHOULD BE DEPOSITED BEFORE WEEKENDS OR HOLIDAYS, REGARDLESS OF THE AMOUNT.

• No Money in classrooms overnight and sponsor should not take money home with them.

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Receipting Money

• Submit to Accounting/Finance Dept• Bank Deposit Slip• Activity Fund Deposit Forms• Activity Fund Cash Receipt Backup• Documentation – Please document any odd transactions or anything out of the norm

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Receipting MoneyMiscellaneous

Make copies of all information submitted and keep in your office for questions, audit purposes, etc.

All copies of voided receipts must be kept in receipt book. An administrator should initial all voided receipts.

Return Receipt Books to the business office after all receipts have been used.  Do not throw them away.  Receipt books must be delivered to Central Office and not sent in school mail.  Cabot received a verbal finding on this. The auditor will request them.

All money receipted in month has to be deposited in that same month.

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Receipting MoneyMiscellaneous (Continued)

Deposit tickets shall include the receipt number or range of receipt numbers that make up the deposit.

All monies collected for school activities shall be deposited in school accounts.

Cash cannot be sent through school mail.

The Business Office should be contacted if there are questions regarding the receipting process.  

Secure receipt books in safe location.

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Voiding Receipts

• All copies of voided receipts must be kept in receipt book.  Administrator should initial all voided receipts.

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Collection And Deposit of Funds Policy• EXAMPLE – Collection And Deposit of Funds

• All cash and checks that are collected must be turned in immediately to the appropriate school office.  Deposits are to be made on a daily basis.  No cash or checks are to be left in any classroom overnight. Financial transactions must involve a minimum of two Cabot School District employees.

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Depositing Collected Funds Policy

• 3.47 & 8.39 – DEPOSITING COLLECTED FUNDS

• From time to time, staff members may collect funds in the course of their employment. It is the responsibility of the staff member to deposit such funds they have collected daily into the appropriate accounts for which they have been collected. The Superintendent or his/her designee shall be responsible for determining the need for receipts for funds collected and other record keeping requirements and of notifying staff of the requirements. 

• Collected funds must be stored in a locked closet, cabinet or safe until they are deposited.  

• Staff that uses any funds collected in the course of their employment for personal purposes, or who deposit such funds in a personal account, may be subject to discipline up to and including termination. 

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Tickets for Events

Pre‐numberedShall be used to account for cash receivedIf mistakes are made in collecting or making change, have the gate worker describe what occurred in writingIf out of balance, do not tear off more tickets to make the amount match.Report any other irregularities and provide written account of incident Athletic game bags should be deposited the same night as the event at a bank drop box.

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Expenses

• Cannot use district funds to purchase:• Gift Cards

• Make sure purchases for classroom supplies and snacks for staff are made following the established district guidelines.

• Not allowed to use district funds to purchase employee gifts, morale boosters or fund parties such as Christmas gifts and Christmas parties.

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Credit Cards

• No payments will be made without proper documentation.• Credit card numbers should not be used outside of the 

authorized card holder’s office for online purchases.• Original receipts!!!!!• Do not send credit cards through school mail.• Be extremely careful using credit cards• Numerous stories of fraud and abuse and carelessness concerning credit cards around the state.

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Expense & Travel Reimbursements• Know the district travel policy and procedures before traveling • Original detailed, itemized receipts must accompany all requests for reimbursement.  For a receipt to be valid, it should contain the name of the issuing company, the date, specific and detailed items purchased and amounts.  

• Credit card receipts with only the total amount shown will NOT be accepted.  We must have a detailed itemized receipt.

• Mileage allowance shall be reimbursed at a rate established by the district.  

• Use the district approved Travel Reimbursement Form!!

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Expense & Travel Reimbursement (Continued)

• Expenses not covered• Alcoholic beverages• Entertainment expenses• Replacement due to loss or theft• Discretionary expenses for items such as clothing or gifts• Medical expenses• Optional or supplementary insurance obtained by the employee for the period covered during the travel

• Tips/Gratuities – not allowed

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Tort Immunity

• 1:15 Tort Immunity• The District, as well as its agents, officers, employees, and volunteers are immune from liability for negligence, pursuant to A.C.A 21‐9‐301.  When allegations of negligence are raised, whether in litigation or not, the statutory grant of immunity will be asserted.

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Donations

• Donations must be recorded on the books in business office• Notify business office of donation• If letter or directions accompany donation, forward to the business office

• Donations to the school may be tax deductible for the donor.  We can provide documentation of donation to the donor.  The donor should consult with their tax advisor to determine if a donation is tax deductible.  Too many variables for the school to guarantee.  For the most part, donations to schools are tax deductible.

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Fundraisers

• What is your fundraising policy? • Know vendor method pay.

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FUNDRAISER FORM (sample)

Note: ALL fundraisers MUST be approved BEFORE fundraiser begins

Date: _____________________

Name of person or organization requesting: _____________________

Fundraiser request: _____________________________________ __________________________________________________ Purpose / Rationale of request: _____________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Time frame of request: ___________________________________

Who will be receiving the revenue of this event? __________________ ___________________________________________________ Signature/date of responsible party: __________________________

Approved / Denied ____________________ Signature/date of Supervisor: ______________________________Signature/date of Principal/Superintendent: ____________________

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Act 1103 ‐ Prevention and Detection of Fraud• Prohibits a public employer from taking adverse action against a public employee because of a report of a loss of public funds

• Exempts materials, documentation, and other data gathered regarding an investigation into the existence of waste or fraud from FOI until the final report is issued

• Requires posting a sign informing employees of the provisions of this Act

• Requires Criminal Background checks for public employees controlling public funds

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Act 1103 ‐ Prevention and Detection of Fraud (Continued)• Requires a public employee with supervisory fiduciary responsibility over all fiscal matters to report a loss of public funds to Arkansas Legislative Audit, including

• Apparent unauthorized disbursements • Apparent theft or misappropriation

• Must report within 5 business days

• If the public employee fails to comply with these requirements, they are guilty of a Class A misdemeanor

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Audit Findings for FY14Top Ten Findings discovered during audit:

• Segregation of duties/internal control• Reporting/exceeded program budget (federal variances cannot exceed total budget more than 10%).  Changes allowed up to 10% of total budget without ADE approval.

• Excessive Indirect Costs claimed – federal programs• Allowable costs/cost principles• Fixed assets not recorded in inventory or could not be located

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Audit Findings for FY14

• Procurement, suspension and debarment • Failure to register debt with ADE according to A.C.A. § 6‐

20‐402• Eligibility for free and/or reduced lunch errors • Lack of periodic time certifications for employees who 

work with a federal program• Cash receipts did not indicate check/cash composition; 

cash used and not deposited

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Audit Findings for FY14• Other findings and management letters included:

• Misappropriated funds by employees• Contracting with business in which employee has an interest without board resolution or ADE approval

• Failure to obtain performance bonds for construction contracts• Disaster Recovery Plan non existent or inadequate• Activity funds and food service funds – receipting money, cash handling

• School owned activity funds (funds not maintained in a fiduciary capacity) utilized for purchases in conflict with the “public purpose” doctrine and Arkansas Constitution, such as Christmas gifts, flowers for funerals, and retirement party gifts

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“Actual” Recent Audit Findings

• $209,474 AC replacement contract issued to a TIPS vendor that did not have an approved HVAC contract. 

• $4,534 paid to two business in which employees had a financial interest without obtaining Board approval (resolution).

• $6,481 paid to a company co‐owned by a family member of a board member (resolution but not ADE approval). 

• $5,225 paid to a lawn service company owned by an employee (resolution but not ADE approval). 

• Employee took fundraiser cash donations and bought a four‐wheeler for the FFA.  Transaction not recorded in APSCN. 

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“Actual” Recent Audit Findings Around the State

• The District’s general ledger indicated 13 activity accounts had a negative fund balance at June 30, 2015.

• Two checks totaling $98,211 were mailed to the District on June 10, 2015, the District did not receipt or deposit the checks until July 21,2015.

• Of 10 equipment items selected for observation, one could not be located.  A similar finding was reported in the previous audit.

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“Actual” Recent Audit Findings Around the State

• The District discovered, and was verified, that activity funds totaling $7,122 were missing from an Activity Fund account sponsor’s classroom on November 3, 2015.  A student stated to law enforcement officials that he took the money while the sponsor was out of the classroom.  Student was charged with theft of property.

• Analysis of yearbook ad sales for 2015 revealed that approximately $27,100 in revenue should have been generated.  However, only $19,285 was remitted to the high school office for deposit in the District’s bank account, leaving unaccounted for ad sales revenue of approximately $7,815.  According to the yearbook sponsor, who was custodian of these funds, adequate records were not maintained and the sponsor was unable to provide a reasonable explanation for the deficit.

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Resources

• AAEA website ‐ www.theaaea.org• Arkansas Department of Education Website – www.arkansased.org• APSCN – www.apscn.org• Academic Facilities and Transportation 

• www.arkansasfacilities.com• Arkansas Division of Legislative Audit

• www.legaudit.state.ar.us

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Teamwork

• It takes all of us as a team to make good decisions.  We all see different things from our eyes and we need all perspectives. 

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Words of Advice

• Know your policies and procedures• Follow policies and procedures• Be honest• Be proactive• Be consistent• Verify• Document, document, document…

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Contact Information

Brian Brown,  Director of Purchasing and [email protected]