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8/9/2019 Paging Doc

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8/9/2019 Paging Doc


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Fig. 4-1 Schematic Diagram of Sending Paging Message

1.2 asic Signaling Flo! of "adio Paging

Fig. 4-2 asic Signaling Flo! of "adio Paging

From Fig. !"# it is $nown that MSC will send# after getting the current %&Cinformation of MS from '%R# paging messages to all (SCs in the %&C. &fter recei)ingthe paging message# (SC will send out Paging Command to all cells within it underthis %&. &fter (*S recei)ed the Paging Command# it will send out# on the paging sub!channel of the paging group the +MS+ is in# Paging Re,uest# which carries +MS+ or*MS+ number of the paged subscriber. &fter recei)ing the Paging Re,uest# MS willre,uest through R&C- for S CC- allocation. &nd (SC will assign this S CC- to MSthrough +mmediate &ssignment message in &/C- after it confirmed the acti)ation ofthe needed S CC- by (*S. &nd MS will use this S CC- to send Paging Response.(SC will then forward this Paging Response to MSC# finishing a radio pagingsuccessfully.

0ow# the switch in /SM networ$ usually adopts second paging with a paging inter)alof seconds. &fter MSC obtains the current %&C information of the MS from '%R# itwill send out paging message for the first time to all (SCs under the %&C the MS isin# if no paging response is recei)ed within seconds# MSC will send out pagingmessage again to all (SCs under the %&C the MS is in. +f there is still no pagingresponse within seconds# this radio paging fails# and MSC will send a )oicenotification 2the subscriber you dialed cannot be connected for the moment3 to theMOC subscriber.

1.4 Paging /roup

&fter MS succeeds in decoding (CC- and system information# it could wor$ out the

paging channel it should monitor. *he si5e of a paging group could be defined in

This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or usedexcept in accordance with applicable agreements.

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8/9/2019 Paging Doc



OMC. +t defines that how many paging sub!channels the paging channels in a cellcould be di)ided into. +n actual networ$# MS monitors only the paging sub!channel it

belongs to and ignores the contents in other paging sub!channels.*he larger the paging group# i.e. the more the paging sub!channels in a cell# the fewerthe subscribers in each paging sub!channel. *hus# the a)erage ser)ice time of theMS battery could be extended. (y large paging groups# the paging capacity in systemcould be increased6 but the a)erage time delay of paging messages on radio channelwill be extended# lowering system ser)ice performance.

(y small paging groups# the paging response could be speeded up# but the MSbattery will be used up ,uic$ly and the system paging capacity will also be small.

*he number of paging groups is determined by (S!&/!(%7S!R8S and (S!P&!MFRMS.

1. (S!&/!(%7S!R8S

(S!&/!(%7S!R8S indicates the number of message bloc$s in CCC- reser)ed for &ccess /ranted Channel. &fter CCC- configuration is finished# this parameteractually shows the proportion of &/C- and PC- allocated on CCC-. *he setting ofthis parameter will affect both the time for MS to respond to paging and the systemser)ice performance. +f PC- is idle when all &/C-s are fully occupied# it could beused for sending +mmediate &ssignment Command. +f (S!&/!(%7S!R8S is set as 9#+mmediate &ssignment will ha)e to be sent on idle paging channels.

1. (S!P&!MFRMS

(S!P&!MFRMS refers to the number of multi!frames that could form a period ofpaging sub!channel. *his parameter actually defines how many sub!channels thepaging channels in a cell could be di)ided into. *he larger the (S!P&!MFRMS# themore the paging sub!channels in a cell6 this parameter should be set to the minimum)alue# pro)ided no paging channel o)erload occurs. *he running networ$s should be

measured regularly about whether o)erload occurs on paging channels. (ased onthis# the )alue of (S!P&!MFRMS could be ad:usted moderately. &ny pagingmessages in the same %& ;the same %&C< should be sent simultaneously in all cellsunder the %&# so the paging channel capacity in a cell should be the same as or closeto that of other cells under the same %& ;the number of paging sub!channels in eachcell finally calculated<.

+f (S!P&!MFRMS = ># the MS belonging to a paging group will be paged e)ery ninemulti!frames# with an inter)al of ".1 seconds ;"4 . ms?><.

1.@ Relation between Paging /roup# (S!P&!MFRMS# and (S!&/!(%7S!R8S ;&/(

0umber of paging groups for combined (CC-AS CC- = ;4!&/(<?(S!P&!MFRMS


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8/9/2019 Paging Doc



0umber of paging groups for 0on!combined (CC-AS CC- = ;>!&/(<?(S!P&!MFRMS

*he relation between paging group# (S!P&!MFRMS# and (S!&/!(%7S!R8S is asfollowsB

S-P#-MF

"MS

$ime %et!een

transmission of

each &aging gro'&

('m%er of &aging gro'&s

)om%ined ))*+SD))*

('m%er of &aging gro'&s

(on-)om%ined ))*+SD))*

, &aging %loc s

&er m'lti-frame

# /0

2 &aging %loc s

&er m'lti-frame

# /1

&aging %loc s

&er m'lti-frame

# /0

&aging %loc s

&er m'lti-frame

# /1

2 0.43 4 1 1

, 0.31 23 244 0. 4 12 , ,2

5 1.1 15 10 45 40

1.41 1 12 54 4

3 1. 5 21 14 , 5

1. 24 1 32 4

2.12 23 1 1 32

1. Paging Strategies

+f the %& of an MS is already $nown in '%R# the first paging message will bebroadcasted only in the %& the MS registered# i.e. local paging. +f the MS does notrespond to the first paging# MSC will initiate the second paging# which is usuallybroadcasted also in the original %&6 howe)er# for de)ices from some manufacturers#the second paging could be sent to all cells within the MSC# i.e. global paging. *helatter will increase the paging success rate. +n the paging process# *MS+ or +MS+could be used to differentiate MSs.


8/9/2019 Paging Doc



2 Calculation of LA Capacity

".1 Calculation of %& Capacity

*he method to calculate %& capacity is as followsB

0umber of paging bloc$s per second D 0umber of paging messages perpaging bloc$ = Maximum number of sending paging messages persecond ; 8ach hour support paging number of times< Maximumnumber of sending paging messages allowed in an hour *rafficallowed in an %&

0umber of paging bloc$s per second

1 multi!frame = 1 frames = 9."4 s. +f the number of

(SE&/E(%7ER8S is &/(# the formula to calculate the number ofpaging bloc$s per second is as follows

0on!combined (CC-B the number of paging bloc$sAs = >!

&/( A9."4 ;paging bloc$sAs<

0on!combined (CC-B when &/(="# the number of paging bloc$sAs =" .> paging bloc$sAs. hen &/( = 9# the number of paging bloc$sAs=4G." paging bloc$sAs.

0umber of Sending Paging Messages per Paging (loc$

*here are "4 octets in each paging bloc$# which could send two +MS+paging messages ;a<6 or two *MS+ paging and one +MS+ pagingmessages ;b<6 or four *MS+ paging messages ;c<.

+f +MS+ paging mechanism is adopted# each paging bloc$ could sendpaging messages for D times in a)erage#

D " 0umber of Sending Paging MessagesApaging bloc$s

+f *MS+ paging mechanism is adopted# then#

D = 0umber of Sending Paging MessagesApaging bloc$s

Maximum 0umber of Sending Paging Messages per Second ;P<

*his could be calculated through the following formula#

0on!combined (CC-B P = >!&/( A9."4 ;paging bloc$sAs< H D

;number of sending paging messagesApaging bloc$s<

+MS+ paging mechanismB to non!combined (CC-# when &/(="#P= >. times of sending paging messagesAs6

*MS+ paging mechanismB to non!combined (CC-# if &/(="# P=11G.>times of sending paging messagesAs

*herefore# the paging capacity in IMSI paging is half that in TMSI paging.

This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to bedisclosed or used except in accordance with applicable agreements.

8/9/2019 Paging Doc



*raffic allowed in an %& ;*<

&n important principle in planning %& capacity is that the si5e of the %&shall not exceed the maximum capacity it could bear. &s to expandednetwor$# the number of sending paging commands in busy hour

forwarded by (SC could be collected in OMC# and then con)erted intothe number of paging commands per second. *his number shall notexceed the )alue calculated abo)e. +f there is no traffic statistics couldbe referred to# e.g. newly established networ$s# the calculation shouldbe based on a hypothetical traffic modelB

&)erage call duration >9s

*he proportion of the number of successful M*C calls ;cause

paging and generate *C- traffics< in the total number of call

attemptsB 9I

*hen# the call duration for >9 seconds is corresponding to 1A>9 times ofcall attemptsA;second.8rl<# in which# 9I is caused by M*C calls#therefore# 9I of successful M*C calls are corresponding toB 1A>9? 9I= 9.99 @ times of successful M*C callsA;second.8rl<.

/i)en that I of MSs respond in the first paging# that " I respond inthe second paging# and that those respond in the third paging areignored ;this is the basis for the hypothesis# and the actual networ$ datashould be used in practical calculation<# it needs 1." times of paging foreach M*C call ;" I of paging need to be sent for the second time<#thus#

J=9.99 @?;1K" I<=9.99 times of sending paging messagesAsecond.8rl

+f +MS+ paging mechanism is adopted# the traffic allowed in an %& isB

*=P? 9IAJ = " .G@ 8rl ;&/(=" non!combined (CC-<

This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to bedisclosed or used except in accordance with applicable agreements.

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