p ositioning & d ifferentiating t he m arket o ffering t hrough the p roduct l ife c ycle...
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POSITIONING & DIFFERENTIATING THE MARKET OFFERING THROUGH THE PRODUCT LIFE CYCLELecture 9
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
How can a firm choose and communicate an effective positioning in the market?
What are the major differentiating attributes available to the firms?
What marketing strategies are appropriate at each stage of the Product Life Cycle?
What marketing strategies are appropriate at each stage of the market’s evolution?
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POINT?
NO company can win if its products and offerings resemble every other product and offering!
Today, most company's are guilty of strategy convergence – namely, undifferentiated strategies!
Companies must pursue meaningful and relevant positioning & differentiation
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DEVELOPING & COMMUNICATING A POSITIONING STRATEGY
Marketing strategies are built on: Segmentation Targeting Positioning
A company identifies the different needs and groups in a market place, targets those needs and groups that it can satisfy in a superior way, and then positions its offerings so that the target market recognizes the company’s distinctive offering and image
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POSITIONING
It is the act of designing the company’s offering and image to occupy a distinctive place in the mind of the target market
Value proposition is the end result of positioning; a reason as to why the target market should buy the product
Company & Product
Target Customers
Benefits Price Value Proposition
Nandos – Chicken
Quality conscious consumers of chicken
Healthy 15% premium Healthy, tender chicken at a moderate premium price
Domino’s - Pizza
Convenience minded pizza lovers
Delivery speed and good quality
12% premium Hot, tasty pizza delivered to your door at a moderate price
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POSITIONING – HOW MANY IDEAS TO PROMOTE
How many ideas (benefits / features) to convey in its positioning to its target customers. Most marketers advocate promoting only one.
USP Better communication, organizational
aligning becomes easier
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POSITIONING – HOW MANY IDEAS TO PROMOTE
Not everyone agrees that single benefit positioning is always the best.
Multiple benefit positioning may become more attractive
The challenge is to convince the customer that all the benefits are being delivered!
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POSITIONING ERRORS
Under positioning Over positioning Confused positioning Doubtful positioning
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TYPES OF POSITIONING
Attribute positioning Benefit positioning Use or application positioning User positioning Competitor positioning Product category positioning Quality or price positioning
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HOW TO CHOOSE WHICH POSITIONING TO PROMOTE?
Customer Competition
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COMMUNICATING THE POSITIONING STRATEGY
To communicate a company or brand positioning, a marketing plan should include a positioning statement
This statement should be as follows: To (target group and need) our (brand) is
(concept) that (point of difference) E.g. ‘To busy professionals who need to stay
organized, Palm Pilot is an electronic organizer that allows you to back up files on your PC more easily and reliably than competitors products’
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COMMUNICATING THE POSITIONING STRATEGY
Next, the company should communicate that positioning effectively through all the elements of the marketing mix
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FURTHER DIFFERENTIATION
Differentiation is the process of adding a set of meaningful and valued differences to distinguish the company’s offering from competitor’s offering
E.g. IKEA
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DIFFERENTIATION VARIABLES
Product Services Personnel Channel Image
Form Ordering Ease
Competence Coverage Symbols
Features Delivery Courtesy Expertise Media
Performance Installation Credibility Performance Atmosphere
Conformance Customer Training
Reliability Events
Durability Customer Consulting
Responsiveness
Reliability Maintenance & Repair
Communication
Repairability
Style
Design
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PRODUCT LIFECYCLE MARKETING STRATEGIES
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PRODUCT LIFECYCLE MARKETING STRATEGIES
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PRODUCT LIFECYCLE MARKETING STRATEGIES