overview recap html. recap what is cloud computing? what are application service providers...
TRANSCRIPT
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Overview
Recap HTML
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Recap
What is cloud computing? What are application service providers
(ASPs)? Describe major functions of operating
systems (OS) Name and explain several generations of
programming languages
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Software Alternatives
Cloud Computing – a recent advance in computing and software delivery; software and virtualized hardware are provided as a service over the Internet; “cloud” is a metaphor for the Internet
Application Service Providers (ASPs) – provide necessary applications for a fee (rather than a firm developing or purchasing the software)
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Operating Systems – programs that run the computer operations (Recap)
Operating Systems Functions – User Interface – how the user communicates
with the computer Resource Management – manages the
hardware and network resources File Management – controls the creation,
deletion, and access of files of the data and programs
Task Management – manages which tasks are performed and when
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Programming Languages (Recap)
Machine Languages – first generation language – instructions written in binary (0’s and 1’s); runs directly on the computer
Assembler Languages – second generation language – uses symbols/mnemonics to represent operational codes; converted into binary by an Assembler
High-Level Languages – third generation language – BASIC, COBOL, FORTRAN; converted into binary by Compliers and Interpreters; users tell the computer What results they want and How to get there
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Programming Languages (Recap)
Fourth-Generation Languages (4GL) – non-procedural languages; users tell the computer What results they want, but the computer decides How to get there
Fifth Generation Languages (5GL) – natural languages, very close to English, conversational
Object-Oriented Languages (5GL) – combine the data elements and the programs that act on them into Objects; Reusability
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Web and Internet Languages and Services
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Web and Internet Languages and Services
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) – a page description language (markup languages are NOT programming languages)
XML (eXtensible Markup Language) – describes the Content of Web pages by applying contextual labels to the data
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Web and Internet Languages and Services
Web Services – software that electronically links applications of different users and different platforms
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Web and Internet Languages and Services
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Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
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HTML Basics
Hypertext Markup Language A format of documents for Internet Displayed by Web browsers Simple text or complex multimedia
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History of HTML
1960s – General Markup Language (GML – IBM) 1980s – the first draft of Standard General Markup
Language (SGML - ANSI) Mosaic browser (NCSA) HTML – an application of SGML 1994 – HTML version 2.0 1996 – HTML version 3.2 1997 – 1999 – HTML version 4.0 2000 – Present – HTML Version 5.0
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Tags
Tags – HTML formatting Example: <h1>Text in an H1 style</h1> Delimited by angled brackets: <h1> Not case sensitive: <HEAD>, <head>, and
<hEaD> are equivalents Styles must be switched off by an end tag Space, tabs, and new lines are ignored by the
browser
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Tags
If a browser doesn’t understand a tag it will usually ignore it.
Tags working with any browsers Tags working with any hardware platform Most widely used to create Web pages
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HTML Source Code
Uncover HTML Source Code Open Web Browser - Internet Explore (IE) as the
de facto browser for this class Select View followed by Source Examine the tags Example: http://qcao.ba.ttu.edu
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What to Use
Any word processing program or text editor Notepad is the choice of this course
Tags are not case-sensitive. Save as .html file
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Structure of an HTML Document
Entire document is surrounded by <html>…</html> tags.
Head – contains control info used by the browser, sever, and a large body
Body – contains the content that display on the screen and tags which control how that content is formatted by the browser
Title – All HTML documents have just one title which is displayed at the top of the browser window
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Example
<html> <head> <title>Title of page</title> </head> <body> This is my first homepage. <b>This text is bold</b><H1>This is Font H1</H1><H6>This is Font H6</H6></body> </html>
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Document Body - Blocks
Documents – blocks of text Each block – formatted independently
Paragraph and heading<p [align="left"|"center"|"right"]>...</p><h1 [align="left"|"center"|"right"]>...</h1><h6 [align="left"|"center"|"right"]>...</h6> <h1> is the largest heading and <h6> is the
smallest one. Alignment – default to the left
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Lists
HTML provides three types of list: The basic bulleted list A numbered list A definition list
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Lists - Unordered
List – <li>…</li> A unordered list
<ul [type="disc"|"square"|"circle"]>…</ul> Everything between the tags must be encapsulated within
<li>…</li> Example
<html><ul type="disc"><li>Disc</li></ul> <ul type="square"><li>Square</li></ul><ul type = “circle”><li>Circle</li></ul></html>
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Another Example
HTML Code<html>
<ul>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ul> </html>
Here is how it looks in a browser• Coffee• Milk
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Lists - Ordered
An ordered list <ol [type="1"|"a"|"A"|"I"|"i"]>…</ol> Default type "1" Everything between the tags must be encapsulated within
<li>…</li> Example
<html><ol type="1"><li>Numbers</li></ol><ol type="a"><li>Small letters</li></ol><ol type="1"><li>Numbers</li><li>Second line</li></ol></html>
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Lists - Definition
Definition List <dl>…</dl> <dt>…</dt> - definition <dd>…</dd> - provide conventionally indented text dl tags
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Example
<dl>
<dt>Coffee</dt>
<dd>Black hot drink</dd>
<dt>Milk</dt>
<dd>White cold drink</dd>
</dl>
How It Looks
Coffee
Black hot drink
Milk
White cold drink
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Spacing, Lines, and Background Colors
Text Line break – <br>…</br>
Horizontal line<hr [align="left"|"center"|"right"][size="n"][noshade][width="nn%">
The <hr> does not require an end tag. Alignment – default to the left
bgcolor = {Color} inside the <body> tag
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Example
<html>
<body bgcolor="yellow">
<h2>Look: Colored Background!</h2>
</body>
</html>
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Hyperlinks
Hyperlinks are created using anchor tags <a href="insert location of file">…</a> Three types of links
Link to another spot within your own document Link to a URL or Web page anywhere on the WWW Link to Email
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Hyperlinks to Your Document
A pair of anchor tags The first anchor tag creates a hypertext link to a
location within your document i.e. <br> <a href="#POWERFUL">Powerful
Lines</a></br> The second tag identifies the exact location of
your document you want to link to i.e. <p><a name="POWERFUL">Powerful
Lines</a></p>
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Hyperlinks to Your Document (Example)
<html> <br> <a href="#POWERFUL">Powerful Lines</a></br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <br>... </br> <p><a name="POWERFUL">Powerful Lines</a></p></html>
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Hyperlinks to the Web
Hyperlink <br><a href="Web Address"><Address Name></a>
Examples <br><a href="http://www.yahoo.com">Yahoo</a> <br><a href="http://www.ttu.edu">TTU</a> <br><a href="http://www.cnn.com">CNN</a>
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Hyperlinks to Email
Hyperlink <br><<a href="mailto:email address">><Email Address
Name></a>
Examples <br><a href=“mailto:[email protected]">Dr. Qing Cao</a> <br><a href=“mailto:[email protected]">Qing Yahoo</a>
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Homework 2
Design a webpage which includes Head, Body, Title (Bold font), at least three type of lists, three type of hyperlinks, and a background of color of your choice.
Webpage content is up to you. Please save the assignment as YourNameHW2.html. Send the webpage file(s) to Dr. Cao at [email protected]
before or at 11 p.m. on Feb. 18, 2015.