ovarian cancer final.pptx

8/17/2019 ovarian cancer final.pptx

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Ovarian Cancer

Presented by:

Vidya dhonde

M.Pharm sem-1

2014-2015

Guided by :

Dr. S.S.Mahajan.

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Contents Introduction

Types of ovarian tumors

Symptoms

Causes

Diagnosis Stages

Treatment

Side effects Prevention

Conclusion

reference

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Introduction

The body is made up of trillions of living cells Normal body cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly fashion.

Cancer begins when cells in a part of the body start to grow out of control.

Cancer cell growth is different from normal cell growth.

. Instead of dying, cancer cells continue to grow and form new, abnormal cells.

!. Cancer cells can also invade "grow into# other tissues, something that normal cells

cannot do.

$hy the Cells become cancerous %%%

Due to damage to DN&.

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Anatomy and physiology4

female organs "glands producing se' hormones and the

ova#si(e) *ne ovary is long, ! cm wide and cm thic+Shape) almond shape.ocation) on each side of the uterus in pelvice.


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Types of ovarian cancer

The ovaries contain - main +inds of cells)

. pithelial

!. /erm cells

-. Stromal cells

ach of these cells can develop into differenttype of tumors.

Subse0uently there are - main types of ovarian tumours)

1. pithelial tumours

2. /erm cell tumours

3. Stromal tumours

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Epithelial ovarian

tumours 4enign epithelial ovarian tumours

Tumours of low malignant potential

5alignant epithelial ovarian tumor

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Germ cell tumors

ess than !6 of *varian Cancers are germ cell tumors.

7 out of 8 patients surviving at least 2 years after diagnosis.

Tyes o! Germ "e## Tumors

Teratoma

Dys$erminoma

%ndoderma# sinus tumor &yo#' sa( tumor).

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Stromal tumours

&bout 6 of ovarian cancers are ovarian stromal cell tumors.

5ore than half of stromal tumors are found in women older than 28, but

about 26 of stromal tumors occur in young girls.

The most common symptom of these tumors is abnormal vaginal bleeding.

sudden, severe, abdominal pain. This occurs if the tumor starts to bleed.

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Symptoms%ar#y symtoms o! o*arian (an(er:

9Pain in the pelvis

9Pain on the lower side of the body

94ac+ pain

9Indigestion or heartburn

95ore fre0uent and urgent urination9Pain during se'ual intercourse

+s o*arian (an(er ro$resses these symtoms are a#so ossib#e:

9Nausea, $eight loss, 4reathlessness, :atigue "tiredness#

9oss of appetite


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Causes

:amily history

; &ge

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Stagesstage:111


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Stage"212


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Stage" 313


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Stage"414


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Diagnosis of ovarian cancer

The following tests are used to diagnose ovarian cancer)

4lood test

@ltrasound

aparoscopy and possibly ndoscopy

Colonoscopy

&bdominal fluid aspiration

Chest A;ray

CT "computeri(ed tomography# scan

5=I "magnetic resonance imaging# scan

Positron emission tomography "PT scan#

4iopsy

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Treatment

Treatment for ovarian cancer consists of

. surgery

!. chemotherapy

-. combination of surgery with chemotherapy

1. radiotherapy

Surgery

Chemotherapy) Patients will typically receive a combination of carboplatin"Paraplatin# and paclita'el "Ta'ol# intravenously. &s it is inBected into the

bloodstream it can target cancer cells in the reproductive system, as well as

any cancer cells that may have reached elsewhere in the body.

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Sid f h h


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Side eects of chemotherapy

#ausea$ vomiting % medication for this may &e givenintravenously during chemotherapy sessions'

(iarrhoea'

)air loss'

*oss of appetite'

+outh sores'

Anaemia'

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Dru$s used in (hemotheray:

Topotecan

iposomal do'orubicin "Do'il#

/emcitabine "/em(ar#

Cyclophosphamide "Cyto'an#

inorelbine "Navelbine#

Ifosfamide "Ife'#

toposide "P;3#

&ltretamine "


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",M/+T,/ "%M,T%+P

3or Germ "e## "an(er:

The combination mainly used most often is called P4

P ; cisplatin "Platinol#, ;etoposide, 4 ; bleomycin.

*ther combination includes ;

E TIP) paclita'el "Ta'ol#, ifosfamide, and cisplatin

E eIP) vinblastine, ifosfamide, and cisplatin

E IP) etoposide "P;3#, ifosfamide, and cisplatin

3or stroma# tumors:carboplatin plus paclita'el or P4

Side e!!e(ts: Nausea, vomiting, hair loss and low blood count.

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!DIOT"E!#$

Side eects %

,-ladder infections',(iarrhea$ .onstipation'

,/rritation$ dar0ening of your s0in that the radiation

&eams hit'

,#ausea$ reuent urination$ A&dominal pain

#T/#"

*ral contraceptives

/ynaecologic surgery

tubal ligation

hysterectomy

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E!&$ DETECTIO'

If a woman shows ovarian cancer symptoms, doctors may monitor her with one

of three tests or a combination of them)

. 4lood Test

!. Transvaginal @ltrasound

-. Pelvic 'am

Screening test for ovarian cancer)

1. Transvaginal ultrasound

2. C& F !2 blood test.

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Conclusion


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Conclusion

=emember that although ovarian cancer is less common cancer

it is not silent and early diagnosis may save lives.

*varian cancer has always been thought of as a symptomless

disease, but research has shown this to be untrue . There are

symptoms , unfortunately they may be so subtle that they are

attributed to other benign conditions.


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eferences

&merican Boint committee on cancer. *vary. In) &KCC cancerstaging manual. 3th ed. New yor+) springerL !88!) !M2;!M7.

5urthy ns, shalini s, suman g, pruthvish s, mathew changing

trends in incidence of ovarian cancer ; the indian scenario. &sianpac. K cancer prevention. !887L8"3#)8!2;-8.

$orld cancer research fund>american institute for cancer research,

food, nutrition, physical activity, and the prevention of cancer,

ovarian cancer !81 report );-7.

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Than0 you

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ovarian cancer final.pptx

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