oss and innovation
DESCRIPTION
The spirit of free/open-source development has from the begining be well in line with that of academic research: freedom in software distribution is similar to freedom in dissemination of scientific knowledge. Now that F/OSS hit the business world, new questions arised on the possibility to run sustainable business models based on F/OSS - the question of innovation being a central part of the answer. This presentation will discuss the relationships between: the open-source development process; open innovation in software; academic research; its funding and industrial valorization; and public policies for the information society.TRANSCRIPT
François LETELLIER
www.flet.fr
F/L/OSS is Central to ICT Innovation
F. LETELLIERfOSSaFree/OSS & Academia Conference
Grenoble, 2009
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
Who am I ?
In the software industry for 20 years
In F/L/OSS since mid-90's
One of the first individual members in ObjectWeb
INRIA 2003-2007, ObjectWeb E.D.
OW2 board member, ELC member, fOSSa SC
Freelance consultant on F/L/OSS strategy
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
New market
Existing market
New technology N. for a platform Existing techno.
Radical innovation 1%
<1% 10% No innov. 87%
<1%
Source: Innovativeness of open source software projects, K. Klincewicz 2005
Source Forge500 top projects
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
About 10%-15% F/L/OSS projects are innovative
The % is comparable in the proprietary software industry
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
Patents and the Regress of Usefull Arts, A. W. Torrance & B. Tomlinson, The Columbia Science and Technology Law Review, Volume X, 2009
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
“Innovation is a driver of economic growth, productivity, job creation and rising living standards.
Innovation also promotes ICT competitiveness; in turn, competition leads to better products, improved consumer choice and, ideally, greater ICT uptake.”
Source: European Task-Force on ICT Sector competitiveness & ICT uptake,WG on innovation in R&D, manufacturing and services
http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/ict/policy/taskforce/wg/wg3_report.pdf
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
inputinput outputoutput
# patents filed # publications Licensing
structurestructure
# researchers # start-ups
R&D expenditure
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
Source: European Commission, “Towards a European Research Area, Key Figures 2001 – Special edition: Indicators for benchmarking of national research policies”
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
Hobbyists, part-time contributors
Volunteers or transparent efforts
Anonymous (collective)
Incremental
Free (gratis), Free (open)
F/L/OSS =Software Innovation Dark Matter ?
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
The finger pointing to the Moon is not the
Moon
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
FLOSS potentially saves the industry 36%+ in software R&D investment that can result in increased profits or be more usefully spent in further innovation
Study on the economic impact of OSS on innovation and the competitiveness os the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector in the EU, 2006, UNU-MERIT, NL
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
20032006
TELOSYS AJAX FRAMEWORK
TELOCIM
<1980Relational Technology Inc. /
Ingres Corp.
ASK Corp.
20042004
1994
1990
1980
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
Make firm boundaries more permeable to innovation
Innovation intermediaries
Partnerships between the scientific community and firms
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
Worldwide F/L/OSS Code BaseWorldwide F/L/OSS Code Base
““publish””
““subscribe””
ResearchLab
CompanyXYZ
PublicAdministration
CompanyXYZ
According to a protocol: the license
CompanyXYZ
Sell hw/sw complements
Sell substitutes
Offers servicesUses in production process
Uses at home/soho
Develops withtaxpayers money
Contributes as a hobby
Shares R&D onnon core-business
Builds on other works
Transfersresearch results
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
Geeky talk...
F/L/OSS is an innovation “bus”
for our Information Society
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
The existing base of quality FLOSS applications would cost firms about 12 Billion Euros to reproduce internally
This code base has been doubling every 18-24 over the past 8 years and this growth is projected to continue for several more years
Study on the economic impact of OSS on innovation and the competitiveness os the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector in the EU, 2006, UNU-MERIT, NL
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
“The Power of Collaborative Innovation is the answer to all the
big global challenges we are facing”
Tony BlairWorld Economic Forum
Davos, January 2008
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
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TelosysTelosys(AJAX)(AJAX)
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22© OW 2 Consort ium 2 0 0 8 www.ow2.org
A Business Ecosystem PlatformThe OW2 Value Proposal
Producers
Users
Use / IntegrateFeed-back
Re-use
Contribute
Technical ServicesForgeMailing lists, Wiki, etc.
Community ServicesGovernance frameworkActivities
Marketing ServicesProjects promotionBrand and awareness
Academia
Individuals
Companies Government
Systems Integrators
Software Vendors
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
« Open source projects involve « Open source projects involve norms of proprietariness that create norms of proprietariness that create
conditions for innovationconditions for innovation--
they are institutions that facilitate they are institutions that facilitate innovation, just innovation, just as the guilds wereas the guilds were » »
Source: « From Medieval Guilds to Open Source Software: Informal Norms,Appropriability Institutions, and Innovation, »
Pr. Robert P. Merges, UC Berkeley, UC Davis, Nov 13, 2004
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
Individuals
Associationsof Individuals
Associationsof Companies
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
“There's no business model
for F/L/OSS!”
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
BuyBuy GetGet
F/L/OSSF/L/OSS
SubstituteSubstitute
ComplementComplement
SupersetSuperset
Bespokedevelopment
HardwareSubscription
Proprietary
Outsourcing
UseMigrate
Legacy
Freeware
Externallyfundedventure
ContributeLead
Patronize
In-house
RefactoringCustomize
Integration
Mutualize
Dual licenseService
Open Core
Softwarepublishing
SaaS
EmbeddedVAR
BuildBuild SellSell
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
By 2012...
80% of all commercial software will include OSS elements
Source: Gartner Key Predictions for IT Organisations and Users in 2008 and Beyond,January 2008
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
2010
Mainstream IT shops will consider open source for 80% of their infrastructure software needs
Mainstream IT shops will consider open source for 25% of their business software needs
Source: Mark Driver, Gartner Research VP, The Gartner Application Development Summit, Sept 2005
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
Innovation &Technology Innovation &Technology from Academia & Gov’tfrom Academia & Gov’t
Share R&D EffortsFaster technology transfer
Gather real world needs
Complement of activity in standardization bodies
Place of Research in the Innovation EcosystemTrust and professionalism
Virtuous cycle between fundamental research and industrial applications
Global outreach
EC & France Funded R&D ProjectsRNRT Corsica, ITEA Pepita, RNRT Parol, RNTL Impact,ITEA Osmose, IST Mocca, Asia ITC COSGov, ITEA S4All
ActiveXMLActiveXML
CarolCarol
C-JDBCC-JDBC
CLIFCLIF
JORAMJORAM
FractalFractal
RubisRubis
ProActiveProActive
……
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
F/L/OSS & Academia
Promote FLOSS code production & community growth as performance metrics in your lab
Participate in public funded projects with FLOSS dissemination strategies
Set up partnerships with FLOSS savvy industrial players
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
The history of F/OSS can be traced back to academic origins: distributing source code under a permissive license was the de facto rule in academia in the 70's.
Since then, F/OSS became a wide spread paradigm throughout the software industry, and its alignment with academic goals tended to be forgotten.
According to fOSSa steering committee members, According to fOSSa steering committee members, software innovation is a value creation process that software innovation is a value creation process that needs a new joint collaboration of industries, needs a new joint collaboration of industries, academia and F/OSS experts. academia and F/OSS experts.
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
Take aways...
Innovation happens in and on F/L/OSS
F/L/OSS communities are innovation intermediaries
Companies fund and leverage F/L/OSS based innovations
F/L/OSS brings new degrees of liberty in public and private funding for ICT R&D
François LETELLIER www.flet.fr
Thank you for your attention!
FLOSS Strategy - www.flet.fr
OW2 - www.ow2.org
Green IT - www.greenit.fr
And make sureto enjoy
sunny Grenoble!