Organophosphate Transition: Organophosphate Transition: Challenges to Stored ProductsChallenges to Stored Products

Frank ArthurFrank Arthur Ted RogersTed Rogers

USDA-ARS-GMPRCUSDA-ARS-GMPRC USDA-USDA-OPMPOPMP

Manhattan, KSManhattan, KS Wash. Wash. DCDC

Background InformationBackground Information

• In 1998 EPA proposed new risk In 1998 EPA proposed new risk mitigation strategies for phosphinemitigation strategies for phosphine

• USDA-OPMP established the USDA USDA-OPMP established the USDA phosphine task forcephosphine task force

• Industry coalitions were also formedIndustry coalitions were also formed

Background InformationBackground Information

• These various groups interacted with These various groups interacted with EPAEPA

• Agreements reached on new risk Agreements reached on new risk mitigation measures mitigation measures

• Process led to increased interest Process led to increased interest regarding stored product pest regarding stored product pest managementmanagement

Problems in Post-HarvestProblems in Post-Harvest

• Already limited registrations of Already limited registrations of insecticides that can be used in various insecticides that can be used in various arenasarenas

• Existing products are facing increased Existing products are facing increased scrutinyscrutiny

• Few options for new registrationsFew options for new registrations

Current Issue: FQPACurrent Issue: FQPA

• 1996 Food Quality Protection act 1996 Food Quality Protection act

• Targets organophosphates with Targets organophosphates with common modes of action (carbamates common modes of action (carbamates too)too)

• Some applications of minor-use Some applications of minor-use products may be sacrificed to retain products may be sacrificed to retain primary marketsprimary markets

Review Status of Stored-Product Review Status of Stored-Product OPsOPs

• Chlorpyrifos-methyl (Reldan)Chlorpyrifos-methyl (Reldan)

• Pirimiphos-methyl (Actellic)Pirimiphos-methyl (Actellic)

• Dichlorvos (Vapona, DDVP)Dichlorvos (Vapona, DDVP)

Chlorpyrifos-methyl (Reldan)Chlorpyrifos-methyl (Reldan)

• Time linesTime lines

• StatusStatus

• Current philosophy and approach: “It’s Current philosophy and approach: “It’s not over until its over”not over until its over”

Initial StageInitial Stage

• 12/99 Public comment period completed12/99 Public comment period completed

• 4/12/00 Conference call with users, 4/12/00 Conference call with users, registrants, scientists, EPAregistrants, scientists, EPA

• 4/14/00 Dow AgroSciences issues 4/14/00 Dow AgroSciences issues voluntary cancellation letter to EPAvoluntary cancellation letter to EPA

Second StageSecond Stage

• 4/28/00 Release of revised risks4/28/00 Release of revised risks

• 6/01/00 Initiation of 60-day public 6/01/00 Initiation of 60-day public commentcomment

• 8/16/00 Dow and EPA begin 8/16/00 Dow and EPA begin negotiations on Reldan phase-outnegotiations on Reldan phase-out

Negotiations for Phase-OutNegotiations for Phase-Out

• EPA recommends 2 years continued EPA recommends 2 years continued use, 1 yr for depletion of existing stocksuse, 1 yr for depletion of existing stocks

• 12/20/00 Conference Call with various 12/20/00 Conference Call with various partiesparties

• Further negotiations and rebuttalsFurther negotiations and rebuttals

Proposal for Final AgreementProposal for Final Agreement

• Sale of Reldan ceases on 12/31/03Sale of Reldan ceases on 12/31/03

• Final cancellation on 12/31/04Final cancellation on 12/31/04

• The Reldan dust formulation will be off The Reldan dust formulation will be off the market in the next several monthsthe market in the next several months

• 1/30/01 Voluntary cancellation 1/30/01 Voluntary cancellation agreementagreement

Reldan Transition StrategyReldan Transition Strategy

• 3/29/01 First meeting in Kansas City3/29/01 First meeting in Kansas City

• Discussion with EPA, scientists, user Discussion with EPA, scientists, user groups, registrantsgroups, registrants

• 5/25/01 Meeting with USDA-OPMP, 5/25/01 Meeting with USDA-OPMP, registrants, and EPA (part of ongoing registrants, and EPA (part of ongoing process)process)

Primary Discussion TopicsPrimary Discussion Topics

• Possible extension of chlorpyrifos-methyl Possible extension of chlorpyrifos-methyl registration in Storicide (cyfluthrin + CM)registration in Storicide (cyfluthrin + CM)

• Extension may be contingent on a viable Extension may be contingent on a viable replacement product registered by replacement product registered by 12/31/0412/31/04

• Storicide is now used on wheat in S. Dakota Storicide is now used on wheat in S. Dakota under Section 18, Section 3 label pendingunder Section 18, Section 3 label pending

Future Outcome?Future Outcome?

• Interim risk management decision (IRED) Interim risk management decision (IRED) issued, withdrawn temporarily for issued, withdrawn temporarily for correctionscorrections

• As of now, the 01/31/01 voluntary As of now, the 01/31/01 voluntary agreement standsagreement stands

• Conversations continue, other Conversations continue, other stakeholder meetings may be stakeholder meetings may be forthcomingforthcoming

Pirimiphos-methyl (Actellic)Pirimiphos-methyl (Actellic)

• Time lines and statusTime lines and status

• Process of deliberationsProcess of deliberations

• Seemingly fewer problems than with Seemingly fewer problems than with chlorpyrifos-methylchlorpyrifos-methyl

Initial StageInitial Stage

• 3/99 Public comment on preliminary 3/99 Public comment on preliminary risksrisks

• 2/01/00 USDA and Land-grant University 2/01/00 USDA and Land-grant University comments to EPA comments to EPA

• 2/15/00 USDA and Willfarm (registrant) 2/15/00 USDA and Willfarm (registrant) meet with EPA, Willfarm to do additional meet with EPA, Willfarm to do additional tox worktox work

Second StageSecond Stage

• 3/29/00 Revised risk assessments released3/29/00 Revised risk assessments released

• 4/20/00 USDA-OPMP sends out information 4/20/00 USDA-OPMP sends out information regarding assessment and commentsregarding assessment and comments

• 5/31/00 Public comment period completed5/31/00 Public comment period completed

• 6/00 Willfarm merges to become Agriliance6/00 Willfarm merges to become Agriliance

Final StageFinal Stage

• 8/00 Interim Reregistration Eligibility 8/00 Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decision (IRED) date moved to fiscal 01Decision (IRED) date moved to fiscal 01

• 1/11/01 IRED conference call 1/11/01 IRED conference call

• 1/19/01 USDA expresses concern 1/19/01 USDA expresses concern regarding EPA requirements for closed regarding EPA requirements for closed system for mixing and loading for on-system for mixing and loading for on-farm applicationsfarm applications

ConclusionConclusion

• 2/08/01 USDA meets with EPA to discuss 2/08/01 USDA meets with EPA to discuss an inexpensive closed system for mixing an inexpensive closed system for mixing

• 4/11/01 USDA arranges for demonstration4/11/01 USDA arranges for demonstration

• EPA has stated that the system will be EPA has stated that the system will be acceptable, IRED signed but not published acceptable, IRED signed but not published

Dichlorvos (Vapona, DDVP)Dichlorvos (Vapona, DDVP)

• Time lines and statusTime lines and status

• Used primarily in food warehouses, with Used primarily in food warehouses, with the exception of stored peanuts in SE the exception of stored peanuts in SE USA USA

• Chemical has been under discussion for Chemical has been under discussion for 12-15 years12-15 years

First stageFirst stage

• 11/17/00 USDA-OPMP conference call11/17/00 USDA-OPMP conference call

• 12/00 Public comment on preliminary 12/00 Public comment on preliminary risk assessments completedrisk assessments completed

• 1/31/01 Informal DDVP stakeholders 1/31/01 Informal DDVP stakeholders group created group created

Second StageSecond Stage

• AMVAC (technical and primary registrant) AMVAC (technical and primary registrant) meets with EPA to discuss CalEPA meets with EPA to discuss CalEPA approach for pest strips onlyapproach for pest strips only

• Suggestions include retention of pest Suggestions include retention of pest strip uses in residential unoccupied strip uses in residential unoccupied spaces and commercial applicationsspaces and commercial applications

• 4/24/24 USDA Stakeholder conference 4/24/24 USDA Stakeholder conference call call

Current StageCurrent Stage

• 5/17/2001 USDA Stakeholder meeting 5/17/2001 USDA Stakeholder meeting with EPAwith EPA

• Issues discussed include role of DDVP in Issues discussed include role of DDVP in IPM programs, resistance management, IPM programs, resistance management, food protection, and minor usesfood protection, and minor uses

• Technical briefing possible for October, Technical briefing possible for October, triggers comment, IRED not until FY2002 triggers comment, IRED not until FY2002

Final CommentsFinal Comments

• USDA-OPMP actively working with USDA-OPMP actively working with stakeholders and user groupsstakeholders and user groups

• Continued dialogue with EPA Continued dialogue with EPA

• Need participation from users, trade Need participation from users, trade associations, commodity groups, and associations, commodity groups, and pest management professionals to help pest management professionals to help with process with process

ContactsContacts

• Ted Rogers, USDA-OPMPTed Rogers, USDA-OPMP

• http://www.ars.usda.gov/opmphttp://www.ars.usda.gov/opmp

• TROGERS@ars.usda.govTROGERS@ars.usda.gov, (202) 720-3846 , (202) 720-3846

• Contact Ted to get e-mail distribution list Contact Ted to get e-mail distribution list for insecticides and other stored product for insecticides and other stored product issuesissues

More Contacts and ResourcesMore Contacts and Resources

• Frank Arthur, USDA-ARSFrank Arthur, USDA-ARS

• http://bru.gmprc.ksu.edu/arthurhttp://bru.gmprc.ksu.edu/arthur

• arthur@gmprc.ksu.eduarthur@gmprc.ksu.edu, (785) 776-2783 , (785) 776-2783

• Web site for Biological Research Unit is Web site for Biological Research Unit is bru.gmprc.ksu.edubru.gmprc.ksu.edu