ophtalmology community
TRANSCRIPT
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OFTALMOLOGI KOMUNITAS
Dr. Prima Maya Sari, SpM
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Community ophthalmology
Synonyms
= Public health ophthalmology
= Preventive eye care
= Preventive Ophthalmology
Oftalmologi komunitas adalah salah satu
subspesialisasi dalam bidang Ilmu Kesehatan
Mata yang mengkhususkan pada pelayanan
kesehatan masyarakat untuk masalah-masalah kesehatan mata.
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Community ophthalmology
The Aim : To provide theOphthalmologic services to a wholegroup or sub group of people whichbenefit the largest number ofpeople in the community at
affordable cost in identifying andpreventing sight threatening ocularconditions
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Community ophthalmology
This is a new field.
New concept for many countries yet.Difficult to get it moving.
Future doctor has a great
responsibility in developing this field
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Curative ophthalmology
Remain at the center of all activities
Community Ophthalmology does notdilute its importance
Focus is only changed from individual
to community
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What are the major differences in curative
& preventive medicine ?
Goals
Target
Diagnosis
Therapy
Results
Treatment & cure
Single patient
Physical
examination.
Drugs / Surgery
Limited toindividuals
Prevention of disease
Population/community
Health survey(Community Diagnosis)
Health education
improved sanitation,Hygiene, Immunization
etc
Prevention of disease
Improvement of quality
of life in community
Curative Preventive
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Public health
principles
Applied to
ophthalmology
Activities in community
Prevent Blindness Reduce the disability
caused by poor vision
Main Aims of
Community
Ophthalmology
Summary of Activities
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Fact finding surveys / Research /Screening
/Clinical care / Health education /Referral
/Follow up/ Improvement of basic needs etc.
Activities in Community
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Therefore community ophthalmology can
be explained as a discipline where
The traditional care applied to an
individual patient is diverted to a
population with a prominence placed on
preventive aspects
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Who is a community eye
specialist
Ophthalmologist
With Knowledge on
Communityorganization, need,
structure,&epidemiological
principals, bio-statistics,
managerial andcommunication
skills
Community
physician
With basic clinicalAspects of
Ophthalmology
Role depend on the
local needs
of a country
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Major duties
1) Designing and planning of fact finding
surveys.
2) Planning primary eye care programs.
- Screening
- Health education- Training
- Promoting community participation
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Major duties
3) Organizing community screening,
preventive & curative programmes
- Eye camps
- Surgical camps
4) Research in to eye diseases.
5) Co-ordination of activities and promoting to
implement policies for prevention purposes.
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WHO activity on prevention of
blindness (PBL)
PBL Programme was established in 1978.
At the beginning
The number of blindness in the world
Not known
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Task force was appointed.
- Surveys
- According to internationalclassification of diseases1CD10
Obtained more epidemiological details.
BDB (Blindness Data Bank)WHO Global data bank on blindness
- Collection and dissemination of data.
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How to arrange a preventive eye
care programmes
Let us learn the activities involved
and man power needed.
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Activity
Primary prevention
In the community
through PrimaryHealth Care(PHC)
Secondary
prevention
Identify and treat in
the community
Primary health care
workers
Volunteers(Trained)
P.H.Workers
General physiciansCommunity
Ophthalmologist.
Person
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Identify and refer
for Treatment
Diagnose and
treatment orDiagnose and
refer
PEC Workers
Optometrists
General physicians.
PEC Workers.
General physiciansCommunity
Ophthalmologist
Activity Person
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Activity
PEC Workers To identify ocular
diseases or systemic
diseases that causeocular problems.
Work in the community
Prevent visual disability and blindness.
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WHO Guidelines for primary
eye care1. Conditions to be recognized and treated by
a trained primary eye care worker
Conjunctivitis and lid infections
- Acute conjunctivitis
- Ophthalmia neonatorum
- Trachoma
- Allergic & Irritative conjunctivitis
- Lid lesionschalazion
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Trauma- Sub conjunctival hemorrhages
- Blunt trauma
Blinding Malnutrition
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2. Conditions to be recognized andreferred after treatment has been
initiated.
Corneal ulcers
Lacerating or perforating injuries of theeye ball
Lid lacerations
Entropion / Trichiasis
Burns - Chemical
- Thermal
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3. Conditions that should be recognizedand referred for treatment.
Painful red eye with visual loss
Cataract
Ptergium
Visual loss < 6/18 in either eye
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Integration of PEC in to PHC
PEC should not be planned
separately from PHC which isconsidered the mother system that
carry the goals of PEC to the
community by integration
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THANK YOU....