open access: what it is and why it is required for scholarly community?
DESCRIPTION
Introduction to Open Access to scholarly literature. Problems with traditional academic publishing and impact of Internet. Definition of Open Access and models. Why Open Access is required for the scientific and scholarly community? What can bloggers do to support Open Access. Open Access status in India.TRANSCRIPT
Open Access
What it is and why it is required for scholarly community?
Sukhdev Singh – esukhdev AT gmail.com
I am not talking about
• Open Source
• Open Standards
• Right to Information
But on similar concept
• It relates to access to results of public funded research
• It relates to access to that knowledge which scientists and scholars give away for free after years of hard work
Let us see how
Knowledge is produced and consumed by scientists and scholars
12 – 18 Months
Research Impact
Fine, What is the Problem?
Research Impact
http://osc.universityofcalifornia.edu/home/regain_control.html
Situation is even worse in developing countries
• Most reputed journals are published in developed countries (U.S / Europe) and are monopolized by few publishers
• Purchases are in foreign currency
• Even best indigenous research is published in foreign journals
Now the Question being asked is
Where is the catch?
• Scientists / scholars need to publish articles
• Publishers seek transfer of copyrights in their favour in lieu of publication of their articles
• They had no other alternative than to gave away their copyrights to get their articles published
But now Internet is threatening the conventional model for good.
Scholarly literature • Can be submitted online• Can be peer reviewed online• Edited online• Published online• Distributed online• Used online
At very low cost compared to the conventional publishing model
And Save the time as too
Open Access is the answer to the ills of conventional academic publishing
Open-access (OA) literature• is [scholarly,] digital, online, • free of charge, • and free of most copyright and licensing
restrictions. What makes it possible is the internet and the
consent of the author or copyright-holder.[Peter Suber -http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/brief.htm]
Open Access (OA) means free and online access to scholarly literature that can be freely disseminated further with proper author attribution.
It brings down barriers to scientific communication by using Internet
Open Access Publishing
• Open Access Journals perform peer review like their conventional counterparts and then make the approved contents freely available to the world.
http://www.doaj.org/
Has 3372 journals in the directory as on 21st May 2008
Open Access Repositories
• Open Access Repositories allow authors / right holders to deposit their articles
• May allow preprints (pre-published manuscripts)• Normally allow post-prints (peer-reviewed and
published articles)• Most reputed academic publishers allow authors
to deposit some version of their articles in such repositories [http://romeo.eprints.org/stats.php]Registry of Open Access Repositories (ROAR) had 1065 registered repositories
as on 21st May 2008. http://roar.eprints.org/
So, Why Open Access is required for the scientific and scholarly
community?
Newton,“If I have seen furtherit is by standing on the
shoulders of Giants”
Impact“Articles freely available online are more highly
cited. For greater impact and faster scientific progress, authors and publishers should aim to make research easy to access”. Online or Invisible? Steve Lawrence. Nature, Volume 411, Number 6837, p. 521, 2001. http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/online-nature01/
Community Both the Producer and Consumer
• Scholarly community is working for furtherance of science and knowledge
• Most work is given away for free. • Outsider publishers with commercial interests
benefits and creates barriers in communication among the community
• Internet has provided an alternative means of peer review, publication and distribution.
• Internet based scholarly communication advances the science without lose of time
Public Good
• Research funded out of public money should be publically accessible
• Number of universities, academic institutions and research funding agencies are making Open Access as mandatory requirement [http://www.eprints.org/openaccess/policysignup/]
Government Laws
• In accordance with Division G, Title II, Section 218 of PL 110-161 (Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008 ), the NIH voluntary Public Access Policy (NOT-OD-05-022) is now mandatory.
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-08-033.html
Awareness
• Faculties becoming more aggressive and aware for example on 6th May 2008, Harvard Law faculty votes for 'open access' to scholarly articles
http://www.law.harvard.edu/news/2008/05/07_openaccess.php
What can bloggers do?
Blog on Open Access Movement
Peter Suber, EditorGavin Baker, Assistant Editor
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/fosblog.html
Blog on Open Access Literature / Resources
Blog on Peer-Reviewed Research
“Research Blogging helps you locate and share academic blog posts about peer-reviewed research. Bloggers use our icon to identify their thoughtful posts about serious research, and those posts are collected here for easy reference”.
- http://researchblogging.org/index.php
Open Access and India
Open Access Repositories 30+
National Aerospace Laboratories
Indian Institute of Astrophysics Repository
Open Access Journals
http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=findJournals&hybrid=&query=india
Open Access Hosts / Publishers
http://www.ias.ac.in/
http://insa.ac.in/html/home.asp
http://medind.nic.in/
http://medknow.com/
Open Knowledge Society
http://www.oksociety.org
Image Credits• http://www.biomedcentral.com/openaccess/• http://www.opensource.org/• http://www.allposters.com/-sp/Knowledge-Posters_i2548954_.htm• http://a182thedeuce.org/who_is_who• http://www.plos.org/downloads/plos_cartoon001.jpg• http://edwardkhoo.com/things-to-do-when-you-have-nothing-to-do-a-complete-list/
• And many others
THANK YOU VERY MUCH