oliver p johnson_grauduate portfolio
TRANSCRIPT
OLIVER P JOHNSONGRADUATE PORTFOLIO
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TRANSCENDENCE...............................................................FUNERAL CHAPEL
BUOYANCY.............................................................................CHAPEL
COLLISION.................................................................................MUSEUM
ATTACHMENTS.....................................................................MEDIA CENTER - BAZAAR
DETOUR.......................................................................................PAVILION
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Program................................................................Media Center - BazaarLocation................................................................Cairo, Egypt
Computer Modeling..................................RhinocerosRendering............................................................V-ray
Professor............................................................William TIlson
MASTERS RESEARCH PROJECT 2010
Informal Settlements inject and spur from a seed of urban poor in the city. As a barnacle of poverty and a supply of necessary housing, these settlements provide shelter for the transient working classes of mega cities around the world. The constructions of the settlements shift and transform daily, using the most modest of means. Of intrigue to the architect are the theoretical implications of the non-architect’s performance of instinctual building processes with salvaged means. Architectural attachments expose the basic elements of building in this urban condition.
The City of the Dead, or Qarafa, in Cairo is such a place, securing contested housing for 100,000 – 500,000 people. Although mirroring a common condition throughout the world, this settlement resides within a historic cemetery, dating back to the Arab Conquest of Egypt in 640 AD. Living among the Dead leads to an investigation which explores how architecture, through poverty, is at its core a skill of all people to create place and defi ne shelter.
ABSTRACT
MOSQUE
AL-AZHAR PARK
SALADIN CITADEL
SULPHUR BATHS OF AIN AL-SIRA
The history of the cemeteries in Cairo follow a series of rulers and dynastic periods. From the Arab Conquest to the Ottoman Conquest in 1517, governing bodies have passed from Fatimids, Ayyubids and Mamluks. After the Ottoman Empire rule, the French Expedition brought a westernized infl uence, followed by the British Protectorate and eventually the Egyptian Revolution which occurred in 1952.
Ancient Egyptians interacted with the dead and placed items from the world with them. Believing not necessarily in reincarnation but that the spirit lingered amongst the tomb for sometime in the form of another, such as a bird. Modern Egyptians perceive the dead in similar ways. The body and materials go into afterlife, but still remain.
Living and visiting the dead on main holidays is welcomed, and not strange. Living occurs permanently in a tomb as either a guardian or caretaker in many cases, while homeless may use them as free housing. Rumors exist of criminal business and can provide effi cient hiding.
SITE HISTORY
vacant tombs
residential enclaves
inhabited tombs
city
cemetery boundary
400 m200
100
0
Kadi
, El,
Gal
ila a
nd A
lain
Bon
nam
y. A
rchi
tect
ure
for t
he D
ead.
Cai
ro: A
mer
ican
Uni
vers
ity in
Cai
ro P
ress
, 200
7.
Northern Cemetery
vacant tombsresidential enclaves
inhabited tombs
cemetery boundaryzones of encroachment
400 m
200
100
0
RESIDENTIAL ENCLAVES
Southern Cemetery
Existing Neighborhoods
Intersect ViabilityResidential Enclaves - Informal
Formal Residential Development
SITE LOCATION As the city grew to surround the cemeteries with transportation arteries Saladin’s citadel and the cemeteries have become weaved into the urban context. The city edge begins to dissipate at the topographic incline of the Moqattam Hills to the east of the cemeteries. Al-Azhar Park lies in ‘Islamic Cairo’, aptly named for the density of mosques. To the southeast of the Citadel modern development of condos and private hotels along the edge of the Sulphur Baths of Ain Al-Sira lie in a ‘Marketable Cairo’. An interjection between the new developments and the Southern Cemetery bridging the road links the residents of the Qarafa with a modern lifestyle. Using informational and economical programs will supply a source of opportunity to sell goods and access information.
SUPERIMPOSED ATTACHMENTPROGRESSIVE ATTACHMENTIMBEDDED ATTACHMENT
ATTACHMENT TYPOLOGY
K adi,
El, G
alila
and
Ala
in B
onna
my.
Arc
hite
ctur
e fo
r the
Dea
d. C
airo
: Am
eric
an U
nive
rsity
in C
airo
Pre
ss, 2
007.
SITE MONUMENTS
IMBEDDEDground level armatureterrace bazaar
PROGRESSIVEmedia centerelevated landscape
APPLYING TYPOLOGY OF ATTACHMENTS
PROGRESSIVEmedia centerelevated landscape
IMBEDDEDground level armatureterraced bazaar
EDes
SUPERIMPOSEDcommercial spaces
SUPERIMPOSEDcommercial spaces
ACCESS TO INTERIOR
ACCESS POINT LOCATIONS
BAZAAR CONDITION
THE SUPERIMPOSED GRID PROGRAM DESIGNATIONS
bazaar condition
offi ce spaces
lifted parks
media access
embedded ground level
4
3
2
1
1/128” = 1’
MEDIA CENTER
ELEVATED LANDSCAPE
BAZAAR INTERSECTION
media center
elevated landscape
bazaar intersection
1
2
3
4
1/128” = 1’
1/256” = 1’
1
2
3
4
1/256” = 1’
DE
TO
UR
Program................................................................PavilionLocation................................................................St. Augustine, Florida
Computer Modeling..................................3ds MaxRendering............................................................V-ray
Professor............................................................Michael Kuenstle
ADVANCED STUDIO FALL 2008
THE ARTSAbandoned parking lots along Cordova Street are being transformed for the visitors and citizens of St. Augustine. The purpose is to offer a place of pause and contemplation for artists and tourists. The site is divided and formed by walls cutting across the ground holding a porous volume. The overhead condition connects to the sloping walls to gather and move water from the building to water garden on site. The pavilion is a transitional landscape for passing or resting pedestrians.
Cordoba St. George
Site
Cor
doba
Str
eet
10 25 50 100 ft
N
Carera Street
WATER COLLECTION
CO
LL
ISIO
N
Program................................................................MuseumLocation................................................................St. Augustine, Florida
Computer Modeling..................................3ds MaxRendering............................................................V-ray
Professor............................................................Michael Kuenstle
ADVANCED STUDIO FALL 2008
open diagramreaction to fort
green spacecontinuation of urban plain
pedestrian arteryre-route george street
auditoriumbody of water
EL CASTILLO AND THE HISTORIC DISTRICT
El Castillo
water orientation urban plain site accesswater orientation urban plain site access
El Castillo de San Marcos National Monument
PATHWAYSSt. Augustine has arts and architecture rooted from Spanish colonial times. Drawing from the Arab infl uence of Spanish culture a mashribiya screen has been modifi ed to wrap the surface voids. Three radial pathways collide into the main atrium of the building.
MASHRABIYAA mashrabiya is a nook projecting from a building wrapped in a lattice screen made of wood and carved with intricate designs. This is a screen of circular patterns. incorporated with Eglass which controls lighting and heat transmission allowing the patterns of the meshrabiya to paint the interior surfaces.
10 25 50 100 ft
N
Level 0
Exterior Exhibits
Spanish Quarter Exhibit
Transitional Lobby
Gift Shop
Castillo Exhibit
10 25 50 100 ft
N
Level 1 Auditorim Administration
BU
OY
AN
CY
Program................................................................ChapelLocation................................................................San Martín de las Cañas - Mexico
Computer Modeling..................................3ds MaxRendering............................................................V-ray
Professor............................................................Alfonso Perez-Mendez
ADVANCED STUDIO SUMMER 2008
SURFACE TENSIONWith the overfl ow of the reservoir creating a limit of depth, the chapel appears to rest on it’s surface during the rainy season.
STANDING CHAPEL
FLOATING CHAPEL
10 20 40 80 ft
N
Level 1 Entry Viewing
10 20 40 80 ft
N
Level 0 Chapel Baptism
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Program................................................................Funeral Chapel and Garden of RemembranceLocation................................................................Gainesville, Florida
Computer Modeling..................................Rhinoceros 3d Rendering.............................................................V-ray
Professor............................................................Juhani Pallasmaa
ADVANCED STUDIO FALL 2009
longitudinal chapel section
Level 0 Chapel Garden of Remembrance1 8
Elephant Ear Water Garden Public Bathrooms2 9
Private Quarters Consultation3 10
Visitation Artifact Storage4 11
Private Viewing Private Bathroom5 12
Memorial Staging Area Mechanical Room6 13
Entrance Lobby Driveway7 14
14
13
11
1210
9
8
7
5
6
4312
10 25 50 100 ft
N
longitudinal garden section
ELEPHANT EAR GARDENNature can comfort the mind. The placement of the deceased is framed by an unattainable diorama of nature. Behind the glass lays an exterior water garden of elephant ear plants. Common in Gainesville, but native to the lowlands of Malaysia the wild plants form on the edges of sinkholes and streams rooting into saturated ground. Above the garden is a wooden screen allowing rain to drip through. During rain the large leaves of the elephant ear plant curl and funnel toward the sky catching the water as it falls.
LONGITUDINAL CHAPEL SECTION
LONGITUDINAL GARDEN SECTION
10 am
LIGHT STUDIES
12 pm
2 pm
4 pm
6 pm
PRIVATE VIEWING
DETAIL STUDY
Concrete Door Handle
ELEPHANT EAR GARDEN
Consciousness is a weightless embodiment, elapsing as the single intersection of life and death. Watching the sun move we fi nd a passing measurement of our own lives. death. Watching the sun move we fi nd a passing measurement of our own lives.
LIGHT WALL
OLIVER P JOHNSONGRADUATE PORTFOLIO