oklahoma cow-calf management practices
DESCRIPTION
Oklahoma Cow-Calf Management Practices. Results from the assessment distributed with Oklahoma Beef Cattle Manuals. Percentage of Responses. 1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever. Percentage of Responses. 1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever. Percentage of Responses. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Oklahoma Cow-Calf Management Practices
Results from the assessment distributed with Oklahoma Beef Cattle Manuals
For cattle grazing spring and summer pasture, do you provide a commercial mineral?
68.6
11.75.3 5.1 2.8 1.5
5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
For cattle grazing spring and summer pasture, do you provide white salt?
38.4
8.86.6 7.9
3.8
8.6
26
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
For cattle grazing spring and summer pasture, do you provide both white salt
and a commercial mineral?47
10.77.2 6.3
4 4
20.8
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
For cattle grazing spring and summer pasture, do you provide no salt or mineral supplement?
4.10.5 2.5 3.3 2.2
5.7
81.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How do you determine how much and what type of supplement to f eed during winter?
Consult a veterinarian.
6.7 6.5 5.310.1 9.1
12.3
50
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How do you determine how much and what type of supplement to f eed during winter?
Consult a f eed company representative.
17.9
9.211.4
16.1
89.8
27.7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How do you determine how much and what type of supplement to f eed during winter?
Consult an Extension educator.
11.89.5
11.6
15.1
10 9.1
33
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How do you determine how much and what type of supplement to feed during winter?
Use a supplement that has worked well in the past.
48
24.1
14.610.4
1.1 1.1 1.30
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How do you determine how much and what type of supplement to f eed during winter?
Use f orage tests and eliminate animal requirements to calculate.
19.8
11.8 10.87.4
5.59
35.7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1 2 3 4 5 6 71 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How do you determine how much and what type of supplement to f eed during winter? Use OSU CowCulator or OSU Auto NRC
to design a supplementation or feeding plan.
7 5.8 3.6 5.3 3.49.1
66
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 71 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Are bull calves that are not intended f or breeding purposes castrated prior to weaning?
56.1
10.37 8.2
2.3 3
13.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you implant steer calves prior to weaning?
18.5
5.7 4.4 5.32.6 4.1
59.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you implant heif er calves not intended f or replacements prior to weaning?
12.5
3.7 3.5 3.6 2.2 4.2
70.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you implant heif er calves that are intended f or replacements prior to weaning?
5.5 2.9 2.8 2 1.5 3.6
81.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Calves with horns are?
32.2
51.5
6.69.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 41 = Not applicable to my operation, 2 = Dehorned,
3 = Tipped, 4 = Neither
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Your typical hay-f eeding season is:
3.56.8
21.8
44.8
23.2
05
1015
2025
3035
4045
50
< 30days 31-60 days 61-90 days 91-120 days >121 days
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you implant heif er calves that are intended f or replacements prior to weaning?
9.313
34.9
26.3
10.3
6.2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 = Annually, 2= Every other year, 3 = Once every 3-4 yrs., 4 = Rarely, 5 = Never, 6 = N/A
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you know how to set and monitor a proper stocking rate?
39
23.5
37.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Yes No Not Sure
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How of ten do you f orage test to determine the nutritive value of the hay or silage you produce?
12.6
7.111 10.3
6.410.2
42.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How of ten do you f orage test to determine the nutritive value of the hay or silage you purchase?
8.6 6.3 7 7 4.48.6
58.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you have land in native vegetation?
74.8
25.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Yes No
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
I f you have land in native vegetation, do you stockpile f orage grasses
f or f all and winter grazing?
34
12.114.1
9.8
5.9 5
19.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you have land in introduced f orages?
78.3
21.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Yes No
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you stockpile f escue or bermudagrass f or f all or winter grazing?
29.2
13.2 13.111.2
5.16.6
21.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you use pesticide (tags, spray, pour-on) to control ticks to reduce beef cattle weight loss?
63.4
15.5
85
1.6 0.66
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you use pasture rotation to control ticks to reduce beef cattle weight loss?
24
9.3 1012.2
6.4 7.3
30.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you use prescribed fi re to control ticks to reduce beef cattle weight loss?
7.8 6.2 5.8 7.1 6.3 8.2
58.6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
When do you deworm nursing calves?
17.8
25.9
15.8
40.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1 2 3 4
1 = Do not deworm calves, 2 = 60-120 days of age, 3 = Mid-summer, 4 = At weaning
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
When do you vaccinate your calves f or I BR, BVD, BRSV, and Pl3 prior to marketing them?
29.3
12.8
21.2
5.1
19.5
12.1
05
101520253035
Do not vac.prior to market
Single vac. 2-6 wks prior to
weaning
Single vac. atweaning
Single vac. Multiple vac. at2-6 wks priorto weaning
and atweaning
Multiple vac. atweaning andat 2-3 wks
after weaning
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Have you ever collected carcass data f rom your fi nished calves?
8.6
91.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Yes No
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
I f you have collected carcass data f rom your fi nished calves,
what was the Average Yield Grade?
6.9
39.736.2
12.1
5.2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
<2 2-2.5 2.6-3 3.1-3.5 >3.5
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
I f you have collected carcass data f rom your fi nished calves,
what was the percent grading choice or higher?
16.1
25.8
21 21
16.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
<50 51-60 61-70 71-80 >80
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
I f you have collected carcass data f rom your fi nished calves,
what was the average carcass weight (lbs.)?
7.6
21.2
48.5
18.2
4.6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
<650 651-750 751-850 851-950 >950
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How do you individually identif y cows?
6
53.7
9.5
0.33.1
27.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
None Visible eartags
Tattoos ElectronicID
Freezebrand
Hot brand
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Location of Hot Brand on cows?
4.9
87
8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Rib Hip Shoulder
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How do you individually identif y calves?
17.3
55.4
8
0.5 1.6
17.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
None Visible eartags
Tattoos ElectronicID
FreezeBrand
Hot Brand
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Location of Hot Brand on calves?
4.7
85.8
9.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Rib Hip Shoulder
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you administer injections in the neck?
72
12.26 4.3
1.2 1.2 3.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you administer injections in the rump?
8 7.8 912.9
6.3
12.5
43.3
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you administer injections in the hip or back leg?
7.2 5 5.99.1 9.8
15
48
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is the average body condition score of your fi rst calf cows at calving?
0.4 1.1 2.35.6
33.3 32.3
22.2
2.60.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 = Extremely Thin, 9 = Obese
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
The body condition of cows culled f rom your herd is?
2.2
5.1
16.7
19.7
27.8
13.410.9
3.21
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 = Extremely Thin, 9 = Obese
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual calf crop do you sell as preconditioned calves?
12.1
20.7
12.6
54.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0- 25% 26- 50% 51- 75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you wean at least 45 days prior to marketing as a part of preconditioning?
54
14.69.1
3.9 3.7 3.1
11.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Are two rounds of respitory vaccinations given as a part of preconditioning?
37.4
119.3 8
6
9.9
18.4
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Are calves treated f or internal and external parasites as a part of preconditioning?
66.3
15.7
73.5 1.9 2.1 3.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Are calves castrated (healed prior to marketing) as a part of preconditioning?
72.7
11.9
3.2 3.2 1.1 2.9 5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Are calves dehorned as a part of preconditioning?
61
10.64.7 5
0.9 2.6
15.3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Are calves f amiliarized with f eed bunks as a part of preconditioning?
67.5
9.4 6.5 6.81.6 2.3
6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How many days prior to marketing are calves that are not preconditioned typically weaned?
51.9
12.615.5
20
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
<7 7-20 21-45 <45
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your male calves are sold as stocker/ f eeder steers or bulls?
6.1 9.33.6
81
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your male calves are retained as stocker/ f eeder steers or bulls?
32.5
27.1
8.4
31.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your male calves are retained f or your own use as breeding animals?
88.6
9.30.7 1.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your male calves are retained f or sale as breeding animals?
58.5
19.5
6.8
15.3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your f emale calves are sold as stocker/ f eeder cattle?
17.3 17.3 16
49.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your f emale calves are retained as stocker/ f eeder cattle?
42.5
26.1
11.9
19.4
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your f emale calves are retained f or your own use as breeding animals?
53.2
25
7
15.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your f emale calves are retained f or sale as breeding animals?
54
29
5.3
11.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you belong to a cattle cooperative, alliance, or similar marketing program?
5.6
94.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Yes No
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
I f you belong, what percent of your annual calf crop is marketed as part of a cooperative,
alliance, or similar marketing program?
52.9
12.810.3
23
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Which of the f ollowing best decribes the way you typically market the majority of you calves?
5
18.7
76.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Regularly throughoutthe year
Sporadicallythroughout the year
Seasonally (1-3 timesper year)
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Which of the f ollowing best decribes the way you typically market the majority of you calves?
42.844.7
12.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Small lots Medium Lots Truckload Lots
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Which of the f ollowing best decribes the way you typically market the majority of you calves?
43.8
56.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Mixed Lots Uniform Lots
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual male calf crop is sold through a local or regional livestock market
(within 50 miles of ranch) at regular weekly sales?
9.3 8.72.7
79.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual male calf crop is sold through a local or regional livestock market
(within 50 miles of ranch) at special sales (e.g. preconditioned, breeding)?
38.5
20.5
2.6
38.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual male calf crop is sold through a local or regional livestock market
(more than 50 miles f rom ranch) at regular weekly sales?
13.3 15
6.7
65
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual male calf crop is sold through a local or regional livestock market
(more than 50 miles f rom ranch) at special sales (e.g. preconditioned, breeding)?
32.4
26.5
2.9
38.2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual male calf crop is sold through a local or regional livestock market
(more than 50 miles f rom ranch) through a video/ satellite auction?
50
33.3
0
16.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual male calf crop is sold direct through your ranch to a
stocker operator?
44.8
22.4
3.5
29.3
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual male calf crop is sold direct through your ranch to a f eedlot?
33.3
28.6
0
38.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0- 25% 26- 50% 51- 75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual male calf crop is retained only through stocker
stage on your ranch?
28.6
22.5
4
45
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual male calf crop is retained only through stocker stage as a
custom stocker (e.g. background lot or wheat pasture)?
10
40
10
40
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual male calf crop is retained through stocker and f eed lot stages
with stockers on my ranch and then custom f eedlot?
38.5 38.5
0
23
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual male calf crop is retained through stocker and f eed lot stages with custom stocker, then custom f eedlot?
60
0 0
40
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual female calf crop is sold through a local or regional livestock
market (within 50 miles of ranch) at regular weekly sales?
38.4
5.92.6
53.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual female calf crop is sold through a local or regional livestock market (within 50
miles f rom ranch) at special sales (e.g. preconditioned, breeding)?
95.2
1.6 0.3 2.90
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual f emale calf crop is sold through a regional livestock market (more
than 50 miles f rom ranch) at regular weekly sales?
84.7
3 1
11.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual f emale calf crop is sold through a regional livestock market (more
than 50 miles f rom ranch) at special sales (e.g. preconditioned, breeding)?
96.6
1.4 0.2 1.90
20
40
60
80
100
120
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual f emale calf crop is sold through a reginal livestock market (more
than 50 miles f rom ranch) through a video/ satellite auction?
99.7
0.2 0 0.20
20
40
60
80
100
120
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual f emale calf crop is sold direct f rom your ranch
to a stocker operator?95
1.4 0.7 2.90
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual f emale calf crop is sold direct f rom your ranch to a f eedlot?
98.6
0.2 0.3 0.90
20
40
60
80
100
120
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual f emale calf crop is retained only through
stocker stage on my ranch?
93.1
2.1 0.54.3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual f emale calf crop is retained only through stocker stage as a
custom stocker (e.g. background lot or wheat pasture)?
98.3
0.5 0.3 0.90
20
40
60
80
100
120
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual f emale calf crop is retained through stocker and f eedlot stages, stockered on my ranch, then custom f eedlot?
98.8
0.5 0 0.70
20
40
60
80
100
120
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual f emale calf crop is retained through stocker and f eedlot stages,
custom stocker, then custom f eedlot?
100
0 0 00
20
40
60
80
100
120
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percent of your annual f emale calf crop is retained through stocker and f eedlot stages, other?
91
2.4 1.9 4.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you manage the risk of market price fluctuations by locking in expected fixed prices
with f eeder cattle f utures contracts?
1.9 1.8 4 2.7 1.55.4
82.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you manage the risk of market price fl uctuations by locking in expected minimum prices with f eeder cattle options contracts?
1.7 1.7 2.3 3.3 2 4.7
84.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you manage the risk of market price fl uctuations by f orward priced with cash
contracts (direct ranch sales or video auction f or later delivery)?
3.3 1.6 2.2 2.8 2 4.3
83.6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you have a long term (5 years or more) business plan f or your f arm?
57.3
42.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Yes No
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
I f you have a long term (5 years or more) business plan f or your f arm, is it a written plan?
73.4
26.6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Yes No
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you have a short term (1-2 year) operational plan?
35.3
64.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Yes No
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
I f you have a short term (1-2 year) operational plan, is it a written plan?
80.6
19.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Yes No
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How f requently are receipt & expense data typically entered into f arm record systems?
6.5
17.7
33.1
8.9
25.1
8.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Which of the f ollowing best describes your fi nancial record system?
35.1
2620.6
5.21.9
8.52
05
10152025303540
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How of ten do you conduct a summary f or tax planning or reporting f or your operation?
22.6
65.2
1.5
10.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
More than onceper year
Annually Every 2-3 years Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Balance sheet prepared f or your operation?
19.4
41.9
3.3
35.4
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
More than onceper year
Annually Every 2-3 years Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Cash fl ow plan or budget prepared f or your operation?
20
35.2
4.8
40.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
More than onceper year
Annually Every 2-3 years Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
I ncome statement prepared f or your operation?
18.5
52.6
2.5
26.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
More than onceper year
Annually Every 2-3 years Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Budget projections prepared f or individual enterprises with your operation?
18
30.6
3.8
47.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
More than onceper year
Annually Every 2-3 years Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Historical analysis such as Standardized Perf ormance Analysis prepared
on your operation?
5.3
14.8
5.5
74.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
More than onceper year
Annually Every 2-3 years Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you record and keep inf ormation on vaccinations?
51.2
10.66.9 7.1
3 2.6
18.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you record and keep inf ormation on medical treatments?
45.1
11.27.6 8.7
4.5 3.9
18.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you record and keep inf ormation on number of off spring?
68.3
7.54.3 5.3
1.4 2
11.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you record and keep inf ormation on weights of off spring?
29
5.4 4
77.4
5.4 7
41.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you record and keep inf ormation on birthdates of off spring?
59.2
74.2 6.2
3.2 3.5
16.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Do you record and keep inf ormation on sire and dam of animals?
49.9
7.94.4 6 3.9 4.1
32.9
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How of ten are Expected Progeny Diff erences used as a tool in bull selection?
37.1
10 10.48.7
3.65.2
25
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is your breeding season?
44.6
9.2
25.620.6
05
101520253035404550
Bulls kept withCows year-round
Fall Calving Spring Calving Spring & Fall
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
I f you have a f all breeding season, how long do you leave the bull with cows?
27.9
55.3
16.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
60 days or less 60-90 days 90-120 days
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
I f you have a spring breeding season, how long do you leave the bull with cows?
22
54
27.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
60 days or less 60-90 days 90-120 days
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Pregnancy examinations are perf ormed on owned mature cows?
20
6.5 7.8 6.4 7.3 7.8
44.2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Pregnancy examinations are perf ormed on raised replacement heif ers?
30.8
8.5 7.45.3 3.8 4.6
39.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Pregnancy examinations are perf ormed on purchased heif ers and/ or cows?
43.9
9.1
3.8 3.2 3 4.6
32.4
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Breeding soundness evaluations are perf ormed on mature bulls (2 years old & older)?
31.3
9.36.8 8.1
5.2 5
34.3
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Breeding soundness evaluations are perf ormed on young bulls (<2 years old)?
42.5
9.15.9 5
2.8 4
30.8
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percentage of heif ers are easy pull?
92.8
4.90.3 2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percentage of heif ers are hard pull?
97.7
2 0.3 00
20
40
60
80
100
120
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percentage of heif ers are assisted by a Caesarean section?
100
0 0 00
20
40
60
80
100
120
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percentage of heif ers need no assistance while calving?
4.2 2.710.1
83
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percentage of cows are easy pull?
97.9
0.3 0.2 1.60
20
40
60
80
100
120
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percentage of cows are hard pull?
99.7
0.3 0 00
20
40
60
80
100
120
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percentage of cows are assisted by a Caesarean section?
100
0 0 00
20
40
60
80
100
120
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What percentage of cows need no assistance while calving?
2.1 0.3 0.8
96.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76% +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is the average purchase price you normally pay f or breeding bulls
on commercial cows?
0.1
0.7
0.2
00
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
$0-$1000 $1001-$2000 $2001-3000 >$3000
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is the predominant breed of bulls used in your operation?
55.2
17.8
10.84.6
11.6
0 0 0 0 00
10
20
30
40
50
60
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is the predominant breed of cows used in your operation?
51.3
11.8 13.2
2.6
21.1
0 0 0 0 0 00
10
20
30
40
50
60
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Where do you obtain most breeding bulls? Raise my own
13.4
4.37.3 8.4 6.1
8.9
51.6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Where do you obtain most breeding bulls? Neighbor
19.3
9.8 7.9 8.14.3 3.8
46.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Where do you obtain most breeding bulls? Stockyards
2.9 2.1 2.9 4.3 2.46.4
79.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Where do you obtain most breeding bulls? Bull test station sales
10.36.8
3.6 5.2 3.6 5.5
64.9
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Where do you obtain most breeding bulls? Purebred breeder sales
44.5
15
6.6 5.42.7 3.8
22.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Where do you obtain most replacement heif ers? Raise my own
63.6
13.27.2 4.9 2.4 1
7.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Where do you obtain most replacement heif ers? Purchase f rom another source with a
known history
25
14.5
8.9
14
5.2 5.2
27.2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Where do you obtain most replacement heif ers? Purchase f rom another source with an
unknown history
5.3 2.9 3.28.6
2.98
69.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Nearly always, 7 = Rarely if ever
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Commercial breeding program description: Bull is same breed as commercial cow herd.
61.6
38.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Yes No
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Commercial breeding program description: rotational cross
49.4
50.6
48.8
49
49.2
49.4
49.6
49.8
50
50.2
50.4
50.6
50.8
Yes No
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Commercial breeding program description: terminal cross (2 breeds and do not keep heif ers)
21.7
78.3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Yes No
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Commercial breeding program description: use composite bulls
20.4
79.6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Yes No
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to bull selection decisions: growth
61.5
20.6
10.75.3
0.9 0.3 0.70
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to bull selection decisions: reproduction
68.6
17
7.2 4.1 1.3 0.9 0.90
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to bull selection decisions: carcass weight
30.5
18.8 18.4 17.9
6.43.2
4.8
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to bull selection decisions: marbling
21.3
14.8
18.219.7
10
6.99.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to bull selection decisions: external f at
16.3
11.9
19.4
25
10.8
7.78.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to bull selection decisions: muscling
37.1
27
16.3
11.2
4.51.5 2.4
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to bull selection decisions: weaning weight
51.6
24
13.9
4.1 2.4 1.5 2.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to bull selection decisions: convenience (good
disposition, polled, etc.)
57.5
19.813.2
5.31.9 1.2 1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to bull selection decisions: eye appeal or physical
appearance
49
26
12.8
6.92.4 1.3 1.3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to replacement f emale selection decisions: growth
56.6
22.2
13.5
4.61 0.9 1.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to replacement f emale selection decisions:
reproduction
78.8
13.1
3.7 1.9 0.9 0.2 1.50
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to replacement f emale selection decisions:
carcass weight
22.8
15.8
22.7
30.2
6.64.8
7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to replacement f emale selection decisions:
marbling
17.1
12.6
2118.8
11.5
8.710.4
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to replacement f emale selection decisions:
external f at
14.215.9
20.8 21.3
11.7
6.2
9.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to replacement f emale selection decisions:
muscling
25.223.9 23.2
16.5
5.23.1 3.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to replacement f emale selection decisions:
weaning weight 46.3
25.5
13.6
8.33.9
0.9 2.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to replacement f emale selection decisions: convenience (good disposition, good udder history, polled, etc.)
70.5
17.7
6.83.1 0.4 0.7 0.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
Rate the trait based on relevance to replacement f emale selection decisions: eye
appeal or physical appearance53
24.7
11.46.1
1.9 1.3 1.50
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Extremely Important, 7 = Extremely Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is the gender of the primary operator?
88.9
10.9
0102030405060708090
100
Male Female
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is the extent of the primary operator's off -f arm work?
39.842.2
17.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
None Full-time Off farm job Part-time Off farm job
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is the extent of the spouse's off -f arm work?
30.2
53.1
16.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
None Full-time Off farm job Part-time Off farm job
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is the primary operator's age?
6.6
12.5
21.2
31.328.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
<29 30-39 40-49 50-59 >60
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is the highest level of education obtained by the operator?
2.4
17.2
28.6 29.1
7.5
15.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Less thanhigh schoolgraduate
High schoolgraduate
Somecollege
Collegegraduate
Some post-graduate
work
Graduate orprofessional
degree
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is the number of breeding f emales in the herd (Commercial Cow/ Calf )?
5.6
47.2
21.2 19.6
4.51.2 0.8
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
None 1-49 50-99 100-249 250-499 500-999 1000 +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is the number of breeding f emales in the herd (Purebred Cow/ Calf )?
48.2
38.5
7.24.4
1.1 0.2 0.40
10
20
30
40
50
60
None 1-49 50-99 100-249 250-499 500-999 1000 +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
What is the number of stockers grazed or back-grounded annually?
43.2
29.2
1113.6
2.1 10
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
None 1-49 50-99 100-499 500-999 1000 +
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How important is generating enough f arm income so that off -f arm income is not
necessary?45.3
12.3 13.610.6
7.64
6.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Very Important, 7 = Very Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How important is choosing practices to reduce labor use?
57.7
20.4
11.95.9
1.5 1.3 1.50
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Very Important, 7 = Very Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
How important is the use of internet f or business purposes?
20.8
12.5 13.3
17.5
8.9 8.2
18.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 = Very Important, 7 = Very Unimportant
Perc
enta
ge o
f Res
pons
es
The end…